Aziza, Cholifatu Ulyl Nur and Prof. Dr. Ir. Ariffin,, MS. and Sisca Fajriani,, SP., MP. (2023) Pengaruh Aplikasi Pupuk Bokashi pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Dua Varietas Tanaman Bit (Beta vulgaris L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman bit (Beta vulgaris L.) adalah salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi menjadi sumber gula alternatif serta memiliki banyak manfaat kesehatan. Beragamnya manfaat tanaman bit serta tingginya kebutuhan menjadikan tanaman bit penting untuk dibudidayakan. Budidaya tanaman bit di Indonesia selama ini dilakukan di dataran tinggi. Pengembangan produksi tanaman bit dapat dilakukan dengan pengembangan di luar daerah tumbuhnya seperti di dataran menengah. Budidaya di luar lingkungan tumbuh aslinya perlu didukung dengan pengelolaan lingkungan. Salah satu upaya pengelolaan lingkungan tumbuh adalah dengan penambahan pupuk organik seperti bokashi. Selain media tumbuh, varietas juga menjadi salah satu faktor yang menentukan respon tanaman bit terhadap lingkungan tumbuhnya. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka penelitian yang mempelajari respon varietas tanaman bit terhadap perlakuan dosis bokashi perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mempelajari pengaruh perbedaan dosis pupuk bokashi dan perbedaan varietas terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bit merah. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah adanya interaksi antara faktor varietas dengan pupuk bokashi; perbedaan varietas mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bit dan perbedaan dosis bokashi mempengaruhi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman bit. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus hingga Desember 2019 di Desa Pendem, Kecamatan Junrejo, Kota Batu dengan ketinggian tempat + 640 m dpl. Alat yang digunakan adalah penggaris, meteran, timbingan digital, jangka sorong dan kamera. Bahan yang digunakan antara lain bibit tanaman bit varietas Crimson Globe dari Vikima Seed dan Ayumi 04 serta pupuk bokashi. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi dengan tiga ulangan. Petak utama adalah varietas tanaman bit yaitu varietas Crimson Globe dari Vikima dan varietas Ayumi 04, anak petak adalah dosis pupuk bokashi terdiri dari lima taraf yaitu tanpa bokashi, 22 ton ha-1, 30 ton ha-1, 38 ton ha-1 dan 46 ton ha-1.Pengamatan dilakukan secara destruktif meliputi pengamatan pertumbuhan dan pengamatan hasil panen. Pengamatan pertumbuhan meliputi panjang tanaman (cm), jumlah daun, luas daun, bobot segar total tanaman (g tan-1) sedangkan pengamatan hasil tanaman meliputi diameter umbi (cm), panjang umbi (cm) dan bobot umbi pertanaman dan hasil panen perhektar (ton ha-1). Data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan akan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) pada taraf 5% dan apabila terdapat pengaruh yang nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada interaksi antara varietas dan dosis bokashi yang diaplikasikan. Perbedaan varietas tanaman tidak berpengaruh nyata pada pertumbuhan tanaman. Penambahan bokashi berpengaruh nyata pada variabel pertumbuhan tanaman bit yaitu pada panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun dan bobot basah tanaman. Penambahan bokashi 22 ton ha-1 dapat meningkatkan panjang umbi, diameter umbi serta meningkatkan bobot umbi tanaman bit hingga 65%. Secara umum, hasil panen perhektar kedua varietas menunjukkan hasil lebih rendah daripada potensi produksinya di dataran tinggi.
English Abstract
Beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) is a plant that has the potential to be an alternative sugar source and has many health benefits. So far, beet cultivation in Indonesia has been carried out in the highlands. Development of beet production can be done by cultivating development in medium and lowland plains. Cultivation outside the original growing environment needs to be supported by environmental management. In addition to the genotypic effect of varieties, environmental conditions, including soil fertility, can affect plant growth. Organic fertilizers given to plants can improve the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil so as to support plant growth. Optimal plant growth and yield can be achieved by using the right varieties and doses of bokashi. Based on this, it is necessary to conduct research studying the response of beetroot varieties to bokashi doses. This study aims to determine and study the effect of different doses of bokashi fertilizer and different varieties on the growth and yield of red beet plants. The hypothesis proposed is that there is an interaction between varietal factors and bokashi fertilizer; Differences in varieties affect the growth and yield of beet plants and differences in bokashi doses affect the growth and yield of beet plants. The research was conducted from August to December 2019 in Pendem Village, Junrejo District, Batu City. The altitude of the research area is around + 640 m above sea level. The tools used are rulers, tape measure, digital scales, calipers and cameras. The materials used included beet seeds of the Crimson Globe variety from Vikima Seed and Ayumi 04 and bokashi fertilizer. The research was conducted using Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plot was the beet variety, namely the Crimson Globe variety from Vikima and the Ayumi 04 variety, while the sub plot was the dose of bokashi fertilizer consisting of five levels; without bokashi, 22 tons ha-1, 30 tons ha-1, 38 tons ha-1 and 46 tons ha-1. Observations were carried out destructively including observing growth and observing yields. Observations on growth included plant length (cm), number of leaves, leaf area, total plant fresh weight (g-tan-1) while plant yield observations included tuber diameter (cm), tuber length (cm) and tuber weight per plant. The data obtained from the observations will be analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at the 5% level and if there is a significant effect then proceed with the HSD test at the 5% level. The results showed that there was no interaction between the variety and the dose of bokashi applied. Differences in plant varieties had no effect on plant growth and had effect on beet yields (tuber diameter) but the two varieties were not significantly different. The application of bokashi significantly affected the growth variables of beet plants, namely plant length, number of leaves, leaf area and plant fresh weight. The addition of bokashi 22 ton ha-1 increase tuber length, tuber diameter and increase beet tuber weight up to 65%. However, in general, the yields per hectare of the two varieties are still below the potential productivity in the highlands.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username chikyta |
| Date Deposited: | 12 Jan 2024 02:30 |
| Last Modified: | 12 Jan 2024 02:30 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/208839 |
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