Ayu Sasmita, Nanda and Prof. Dr. Ir. Soemarno,, MS. (2023) Aplikasi Lubang Resapan Biopori (LRB) dengan Pupuk Kandang Kambing dan Kapur terhadap Peningkatan Mikoriza Arbuskula di Kebun Kopi Rakyat. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kopi merupakan salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang memegang peranan penting sebagai sumber devisa negara dan pengembangan industri perkebunan di Indonesia. Kecamatan Wajak merupakan salah satu daerah penghasil kopi di Kabupaten Malang. Produksi kopi di Kecamatan Wajak mengalami penurunan dari 88 ton pada tahun 2018 menjadi 67 ton pada tahun 2019. Hal tersebut dapat disebabkan karena karakteristik tanah di Kecamatan Wajak merupakan tanah berpasir yang memiliki daya simpan air, ketersedian unsur hara, dan bahan organik yang rendah. Sifat biologi tanah tidak terlepas kaitannya dengan sifat kimia ataupun fisika tanah yang menunjukkan aktivitas organisme di dalam tanah. Mikoriza arbuskula (MA) merupakan jamur yang bersimbiosis dengan akar tanaman. Aplikasi lubang resapan biopori (LRB) dengan pupuk kandang kambing dan kapur pertanian diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kepadatan spora MA, kolonisasi akar, pH, C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, dan produksi kopi. Kegiatan penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2022 hingga Mei 2023 yang berlokasi di kebun kopi rakyat Desa Codo, Bambang, dan Sumberputih, Kecamatan Wajak, Kabupaten Malang. Analisis laboratorium dilakukan di Laboratorium Kimia dan Biologi Tanah Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Rancangan kegiatan penelitian dilakukan menggunakan Racangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Perlakuan penelitian terdiri dari kontrol (P0), LRB kosong (BK), LRB dengan pupuk kandang kambing 10 ton/ha (KK), LRB dengan kapur pertanian 4,9 ton/ha (KP), serta LRB dengan pupuk kandang kambing 10 ton/ha dan kapur pertanian 4,9 ton/ha (KKP). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada 4 dan 8 BSA (Bulan Setelah Aplikasi). Parameter pengamatan yang digunakan terdiri dari sifat kimia tanah (pH, C-organik, N-total, dan P-tersedia tanah), biologi tanah (kepadatan spora MA dan kolonisasi akar), dan produksi kopi. Data hasil penelitian kemudian dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam ANOVA, uji lanjut DMRT taraf 5%, uji korelasi, regresi linear berganda, dan regresi linear sederhana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi LRB dengan pupuk kandang kambing 10 ton/ha dan kapur pertanian 4,9 ton/ha memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap kepadatan spora MA di sekitar LRB, kepadatan spora MA di dalam LRB, pH, N-total, dan P-tersedia tanah. Aplikasi LRB dengan pupuk kandang kambing 10 ton/ha memberikan pengaruh terbaik terhadap kolonisasi akar dan C-organik. Kandungan pH, N-total, C-organik, dan P-tersedia tanah berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan kepadatan spora MA di sekitar LRB sebesar 76,69%. Kandungan Ntotal, kepadatan spora MA di sekitar LRB, P-tersedia, pH, dan C-organik tanah berpengaruh terhadap kolonisasi akar sebesar 64,30%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis disimpulkan bahwa sifat kimia tanah seperti pH, N-total, C-organik, dan P-tersedia tanah berhubungan dengan kepadatan spora MA dan kolonisasi akar.
English Abstract
Coffee is one of the plantation commodities that play an important role as a source of national income and the development of the plantation industry in Indonesia. Wajak District is one of the coffee producer areas in Malang Regency. Coffee production in Wajak District has decreased from 88 tons in 2018 to 67 tons in 2019. This can be caused by the characteristics of the soil in Wajak Subdistrict, which is a sandy soil with low water storage capacity, nutrient availability, and organic matter. Soil biological properties are related to soil chemical or physical properties that show the activity of organisms in the soil. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (MA) is a fungus that is symbiotic with plant roots. The application of biopore infiltration (LRB) with goat manure and agricultural lime is expected to increase MA spore density, root colonization, pH, organic carbon, N, P, and coffee production. The research activities were carried out from June 2022 to May 2023, located in the coffee farms of Codo, Bambang, and Sumberputih Villages, Wajak Subdistrict, Malang Regency. Laboratory analysis was analyzed at the Laboratory of Soil Chemistry and Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The research activities was designed using Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 5 treatments and 5 replicates. The research treatments consisted of control (P0), empty LRB (BK), LRB with goat manure 10 tons/ha (KK), LRB with agricultural lime 4,9 tons/ha (KP), and LRB with goat manure 10 tons/ha and agricultural lime 4,9 tons/ha (KKP). Sampling was taken at 4 and 8 BSA (Month After Application). The observation parameters used consisted of soil chemical properties (pH, organic carbon, total N, and soil available P), soil biology (MA spore density and root colonization), and coffee production. The data were analyzed using ANOVA analysis of variance, DMRT test at 5% level, correlation test, multiple linear regression, and simple linear regression. The results showed that the application of LRB with goat manure 10 ton/ha and agricultural lime 4.9 ton/ha gave the best effect on MA spore density around LRB, MA spore density inside LRB, pH, total N, and P available. Application of LRB with goat manure 10 ton/ha gave the best effect on root colonization and organic carbon. The content of pH, total N, organic carbon, and available P increased the density of MA spores around the LRB by 76.69%. The content of total N, MA spore density around LRB, available P, pH, and soil organic carbon increased root colonization by 64.30%. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that soil chemical properties such as pH, total N, organic carbon, and soil available P are related to MA spore density and root colonization.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 052304 |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ismiatun |
Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2024 07:36 |
Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2024 07:36 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/208538 |
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