Pertiwi, Beauty Laras Setia and Dr. Ir. Yulia Nuraini,, M.S. and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sugeng Prijono,, Su (2023) Magister Pengelolaan Tanah dan Air, Program Pascasarjana Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Eksplorasi dan Uji Efektivitas Bakteri Resistan Timbal (Pb) Untuk Bioremediasi Tanah Tercemar Pb Akibat Aplikasi Pupuk dan Pestisida Anorganik. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sistem pertanian yang intensif mampu membawa dampak negatif bagi lingkungan, kelestarian alam dan makhluk hidup. Upaya untuk meningkatkan hasil produksi dengan input pupuk dan pestisida anorganik secara intensif dapat mempercepat degradasi lingkungan yang diakibatkan oleh residu kimia logam berat timbal (Pb) yang terkandung di dalam pupuk dan pestisida anorganik. Kandungan Pb pada lahan pertanian di Kecamatan Poncokusumo, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur mencapai 30,65 ppm dengan kandungan Pb tertinggi terdapat pada tanaman daun bawang sebesar 31,72 ppm (Rahayu et al., 2019). Degradasi lingkungan perlu diantisipasi dengan cara remidiasi tanah dengan kandungan logam berat timbal yang tinggi. Terdapat bakteri yang mampu menjadi bioremediator yang cukup baik dalam mendegradasi logam berat melalui mekanisme mengkhelat senyawa organik logam berat timbal menjadi senyawa anorganik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menganalisa kemampuan kandungan timbal oleh bakteri resistan timbal dalam peranya sebagai bioremediasi pada lahan pertanian intensif; 2) menganalisis efektivitas aplikasi isolat bakteri resistan timbal terhadap serapan timbal oleh tanaman. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Sumberbrantas, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu pada bulan Juni - Desember 2022. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan 2 tahap penelitian. Penelitian tahap 1 Eksplorasi Dan Isolasi Bakteri Resistan Pb dari Lahan Pertanian Intensif yang dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Tanah, Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian tahap 2 Uji Efektivitas Bakteri Resistan Timbal (Pb) pada Tanah Tercemar Timbal Akibat Aplikasi Pupuk dan Pestisida Anorganik yang dilakukan di Green House Jatikerto, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Rancangan penelitian pada tahap 2 menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan dengan kode KT, TP, TS, TA, TB, TAB, TSA, TSB dan TSAB, yang dianalisis menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Jika parameter berpengaruh nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut menggunakan Uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) dengan taraf 5%. Parameter yang diukur terdiri atas Biologi Tanah, Kimia Tanah (pH, C-organik, N-total, P-tersedia, Kdd, kandungan timbal) dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman (panjang, jumlah daun, berat basah, berat kering, kandungan timbal dan serapan timbal). Penelitian ini berhasil mengisolasi 15 isolat bakteri resistan timbal (Pb) pada media NA dengan 1.000 mg/L Pb(NO3)2 (PT-1, PT-2, PT-3, PT-4, PT-5, PT- 6, PT-7, PT-8, PT-9, PT-10, PT-11, PT-12, PT-13, PT14, PT-15). Terdapat dua isolat non-Pathogenic dan mampu mendetoksifikasi timbal (Pb) hingga 10.000 mg/L yaitu isolat PT-3 dan PT-5. Isolat PT-3 diidentifikasi sebagai bakteri Bacillus altitudinis BM-Y1 sedangkan isolat PT-3 diidentifikasi sebagai bakteri Bacillus wiedmanni SX.13.1LB. Aplikasi isolat bakteri resistan timbal mampu meningkatkan kadar C-Organik, N-Total, P-tersedia, K-dd tanah dan mampu menurunkan kadar timbal tanah hingga 0 mg/kg dan efektif menurunkan kandungan timbal sebesar 35,38%. Konsorsium bakteri resistan timbal mampu meningkatkan tinggi tanaman dan berat kering tanaman.
English Abstract
Intensive agricultural systems can hurt the environment, natural preservation, and living things. Efforts to increase production yields with the intensive input of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides can accelerate environmental degradation caused by chemical residues of the heavy metal lead (Pb) contained in inorganic fertilizers and pesticides. The Pb content on agricultural land in Poncokusumo District, Malang Regency, East Java reached 30,65 ppm with the highest Pb content found in leeks at 31,72 ppm (Rahayu et al., 2019). Environmental degradation needs to be anticipated by the remediation of soils with high lead content. Some bacteria are capable of being fairly good bio remediators in degrading heavy metals through the mechanism of chelating organic compounds of the heavy metal lead into inorganic compounds. This study aims to 1) analyze the ability of lead uptake by lead-resistant bacteria in their role as bioremediation in intensive agricultural land; 2) analyze the effectiveness of the application of lead-resistant bacterial isolates. This research was conducted in Sumberbrantas Village, Bumiaji District, Batu City from June to December 2022. This research was conducted in 2 research stages. Phase 1 research of Exploration and Isolation of Pb Resistant Bacteria from Intensive Agricultural Land conducted at the Soil Biology Laboratory, Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. Phase 2 of the study was to test the effectiveness of lead-resistant bacteria (Pb) in leadcontaminated soil due to the application of inorganic fertilizers and pesticides, which was conducted at Green House Jatikerto, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The research design at stage 2 used a One-way Anova in Randomized Blocks with 9 treatments and 3 replications with the codes KT, TP, TS, TA, TB, TAB, TSA, TSB, and TSAB, which were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). If there are parameters that have a significant effect then carried out using the Tukey’s test with a level of 5%. Parameters measured consisted of Soil Biology, Soil Chemistry (pH, organic-C, total-N, available-P, Kdd, lead content), and Plant Growth (tall, number of leaves, wet weight, dry weight, lead content, and lead absorption). This study succeeded in isolating 15 isolates of lead (Pb) resistant bacteria on NA media with 1,000 mg/L Pb(NO3)2 (PT-1, PT-2, PT-3, PT-4, PT-5, PT-6, PT-7, PT-8, PT-9, PT-10, PT-11, PT-12, PT-13, PT14, PT-15). There are two non-pathogenic isolates capable of detoxifying lead (Pb) up to 10,000 mg/L, namely isolates PT-3 and PT-5. PT-3 isolates were identified as Bacillus altitudinis BM-Y1 while PT-3 isolates were identified as Bacillus wiedmanni SX.13.1LB. The application of lead-resistant bacterial isolates was able to increase soil C-Organic, Total-N, available-P, K-dd levels and was able to reduce soil lead levels up to 0 mg/kg and effectiveness to reduce lead absorption up to 35,38%. Lead-resistant bacteria consortium has potential as plant growthpromoting bacteria because it can increase plant height and plant dry weight.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 042304 |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username chikyta |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2024 07:39 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2024 07:39 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/208537 |
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