Ramadhani, Dinda Mutiara and Andi Kurniawan,, S.Pi., M.Eng., D.Sc (2022) Analisis Mikroplastik pada Air dan Sedimen di Pantai Sendang Biru, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penggunaan plastik dalam kehidupan sehari-hari terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Hal ini tentunya diikuti dengan peningkatan jumlah sampah plastik di lingkungan. Sampah plastik akan mengalami proses degradasi menjadi partikel-partikel kecil berukuran kurang dari 5 mm atau disebut sebagai mikroplastik. Keberadaan mikroplastik di perairan tersebar luas mulai dari permukaan air, kolom air, dan ditemukan mengendap di sedimen. Sumber utama keberadaan mikroplastik di perairan adalah adanya aktivitas manusia di daratan. Aktivitas seperti pelelangan ikan, wisata bahari, kegiatan penangkapan ikan, maupun aktivitas antropogenik lainnya yang terdapat di Pantai Sendang Biru diduga berpotensi menyumbang cemaran mikroplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik serta kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air dan sedimen di Pantai Sendang Biru, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Pantai Sendang Biru pada tiga staisun, yaitu stasiun I daerah pasar ikan, stasiun II kawasan wisata, dan stasiun III daerah sandar labuh kapal nelayan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode purposive sampling. Identifikasi mikroplastik dilakukan menggunakan mikroskop Olympus BX50 dengan perbesaran 10x. Parameter kualitas air yang diukur diantaranya suhu, kecepatan arus, turbiditas, konduktivitas, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), pH, nitrat, fosfat, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), salinitas, dan Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). Analisis data yang digunakan adalah one-way ANOVA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sampel air memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar 28244.4 partikel/m³, sedangkan sampel sedimen memiliki nilai rata-rata 521.1 partikel/kg. Jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan pada air dan sedimen Pantai Sendang Biru adalah fiber, film, dan fragmen. Jenis fragmen merupakan jenis yang paling dominan pada sampel air dan sedimen dengan nilai kelimpahan rata-rata berturut-turut sebesar 69066.7 partikel/m³ dan 1186.67 partikel/kg. Warna mikroplastik pada sampel air dan sedimen didominasi oleh warna hitam dengan jumlah berturut-turut sebesar 528 partikel dan 243 partikel. Hasil pengukuran kualitas air, yaitu suhu 30.1 ̊C – 32.4 ̊C; arus 0.1 – 0.3 m/s; turbiditas 4 NTU – 77 NTU; konduktivitas 48.4 – 51.2 mS/cm; TSS 117 – 326 mg/l; TDS 32700 ppm – 34000 ppm; pH 7.52 – 7.67; Nitrat 0.03 – 0.22 mg/l; Fosfat 0.011 – 0.785 mg/l; DO 3.03 – 5.54 mg/l; Salinitas 30.2 – 32.7‰; dan BOD 3.08 – 4.8 mg/l. Parameter kualitas air berupa suhu, konduktivitas, dan pH masih tergolong sesuai dengan baku mutu yang ditetapkan oleh Kep-51/MENKLH/2004. Berdasarkan hasil uji one-way ANOVA, dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan signifikan kelimpahan pada masing-masing stasiun baik pada sampel air maupun sedimen. Perlu dilakukan uji FT-IR pada penelitian selanjutnya untuk mengetahui jenis polimer mikroplastik yang terkandung dalam air dan sedimen Pantai Sendang Biru.
English Abstract
The use of plastic in daily life continues to increase every year. This is of course followed by an increase in the amount of plastic waste in the environment. Plastic waste will undergo a degradation process into small particles less than 5 mm in size or referred to as microplastics. The presence of microplastics in waters is widespread from the surface of the water, the water column, and is found to settle in sediments. The main source of microplastics in water is human activity on land. Activities such as fish auctions, marine tourism, fishing activities, and other anthropogenic activities at Sendang Biru Beach are suspected to have the potential to contribute to microplastic contamination. This study aims to analyze the characteristics and abundance of microplastics in water and sediment at Sendang Biru Beach, Malang Regency, East Java. Sampling was carried out at Sendang Biru Beach at three stations, namely station I in the fish market area, station II in the tourist area, and station III in the docking area for fishing boats. The research method used is descriptive research method. The sampling technique used in this research is purposive sampling method. Microplastic identification was carried out using an Olympus BX50 microscope with a magnification of 10x. Water quality parameters measured include temperature, current velocity, turbidity, conductivity, Total Suspended Solid (TSS), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS), pH, nitrate, phosphate, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), salinity, and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD). The data analysis used is one-way ANOVA. The results showed that the abundance of microplastics in the water sample had an average value of 28244.4 particles/m³, while the sediment sample had an average value of 521.1 particles/kg. The types of microplastics found in the water and sediments of Sendang Biru Beach are fibers, films, and fragments. The type of fragment is the most dominant species in the water and sediment samples with an average abundance value of 69066.7 particles/m³ and 1186.67 particles/kg, respectively. The color of microplastics in water and sediment samples was dominated by black with a number of 528 particles and 243 particles, respectively. The results of water quality measurements, namely the temperature of 30.1 C – 32.4 C; current velocity 0.1 – 0.3 m/s; turbidity 4 NTU – 77 NTU; conductivity 48.4 – 51.2 mS/cm; TSS 117 – 326 mg/l; TDS 32700 ppm – 34000 ppm; pH 7.52 – 7.67; Nitrate 0.03 – 0.22 mg/l; Phosphate 0.011 – 0.785 mg/l; DO 3.03 – 5.54 mg/l; Salinity 30.2 – 32.7‰; and BOD 3.08 – 4.8 mg/l. Water quality parameters such as temperature, conductivity, and pH are still classified according to the quality standards set by Kep-51/MENKLH/2004. Based on the results of the one-way ANOVA test, it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in abundance at each station in both water and sediment samples. It is necessary to carry out an FT-IR test in further research to determine the type of microplastic polymer contained in the water and sediment of Sendang Biru Beach.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
---|---|
Identification Number: | 0522080571 |
Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan |
Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
Date Deposited: | 19 Jan 2024 07:29 |
Last Modified: | 19 Jan 2024 07:29 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/208463 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Dinda Mutiara Ramadhani.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2024. Download (3MB) |
Actions (login required)
View Item |