Hidayati, Desy Amalia and Prof. Dr. Ir. Arief Prajitno, , MS. and Dr. Ir. Titik Dwi Sulistiyati,, MP (2022) Pengaruh Pengaruh Ekstrak Lengkuas Merah (A. purpurata) terhadap Profil Hematologi dan Histopatologi Ginjal Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus Goramy) yang diinfeksi Edwardsiella tarda. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penyakit yang sering menginfeksi ikan budidaya disebabkan oleh penyakit bakterial diantaranya berasal dari bakteri E. tarda. Penggunaan bahan alami menjadi alternatif pengobatan bakteri E. tarda. Bahan alami yang bertindak sebagai antibakteri adalah lengkuas merah dengan kandungan bahan aktif flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, saponin, dan triterpenoid. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis senyawa pada lengkuas merah serta menganalisis dosis terbaik dan gambaran profil hematologi dan histopatologi ikan gurami yang diinfeksi E. tarda. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2021-Mei 2022 di Laboratorium Budidaya Ikan Divisi Penyakit dan Kesehatan Ikan, Laboratorium Eksplorasi Sumberdaya Perikanan dan Kelautan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan terbagi menjadi dari 2 tahapan. Penelitian tahap pertama meliputi ekstraksi dan karakterisasi senyawa antibakteri pada lengkuas merah (uji fitokimia dan FTIR) dilanjutkan dengan uji aktivitas antibakteri E. tarda meliputi uji cakram, uji MIC dan uji SEM. Tahap kedua, meliputi pengaplikasian ekstrak lengkuas merah yang bersifat antibakteri pada ikan gurami yang diinfeksi E. tarda pada skala laboratorium (uji patogenitas bakteri E. tarda, uji toksisitas ekstrak, pengamatan hematologi yang terdiri dari eritrosit, leukosit, differensial leukosit, hematokrit, hemoglobin, pengamatan histopatologi ginjal, pengamatan gejala klinis, kelulushidupan, dan kualitas air). Analisis data pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) menggunakan aplikasi software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 for Windows. Hasil penelitian tahap pertama, hasil fitokimia ekstrak lengkuas merah mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, saponin, dan triterpenoid. Hasil uji in silico membuktikan bahwa senyawa pada lengkuas merah mengganggu aktivitas protein E. tarda. Hasil uji MIC didapatkan dosis minimal yang mampu menghambat bakteri yaitu 100 mg/L. Hasil cakram menunjukkan semakin besar dosis semakin besar zona hambat yang terbentuk yaitu pada dosis 500 mg/L dengan zona hambat sebesar 7,75 mm. Hasil penelitian tahap kedua, uji patogenitas (LD50) bakteri E. tarda didapatkan kepadatan sebesar 2,53 x 107 sel/ml dan uji toksisitas (LC50) ekstrak lengkuas merah yang tidak toksik bagi ikan. Pemberian ekstrak lengkuas merah (A. purpurata) memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan pada setiap perlakuan terhadap eritrosit, leukosit, differensial leukosit, hematokrit, dan hemoglobin serta pada histopatologi. Nilai dosis ekstrak lengkuas merah yang paling berpengaruh terhadap eritrosit, leukosit, differensial leukosit, hematokrit, dan hemoglobin yaitu pada dosis 525 – 600 mg/L sementara pada histopatologi yang paling berpengaruh yaitu pada dosis 550 mg/L.
English Abstract
Diseases that often infect cultured fish are caused by bacterial diseases, including E. tarda. The use of natural ingredients is an alternative to the treatment of E. tarda bacteria. Natural ingredients that act as antibacterial are red galangal with active ingredients of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. The purpose of this study was to analyze the compounds in red galangal, the best dose and the hematological and histopathological of gouramy infected with E. tarda. This research conducted in December 2021-May 2022 at the Fish Cultivation Laboratory, Fish Disease and Health Division, Fisheries and Marine Resources Exploration Laboratory, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya Malang. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) and was divided into 2 stages. The first phase of the research involved the extraction and characterization of antibacterial compounds in red galangal (phytochemical test and FTIR) followed by the antibacterial activity test of E. tarda including disc test, MIC test and SEM test. The second stage, includes the application of antibacterial red galangal extract on gouramy infected with E. tarda on a laboratory scale (test for pathogenicity of E. tarda bacteria, extract toxicity test, hematological observation consisting of erythrocytes, leukocytes, differential leukocytes, hematocrit, hemoglobin, renal histopathological observations, observation of clinical symptoms, survival, and water quality). Data analysis in this study will be carried out in a completely randomized design (CRD) using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 for Windows software application. The results of the first stage of research showed that the phytochemical results of red galangal extract contained flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and triterpenoids. The results of the in silico test proved that the compounds in red galangal interfered with the activity of E. tarda protein. The results of the MIC test showed that the minimum dose capable of inhibiting bacteria was 100 mg/L. The results showed that the larger the dose, the larger the inhibition zone formed, namely at a dose of 500 mg/L with an inhibition zone of 7.75 mm. The results of the second stage of research, the pathogenicity test (LD50) of E. tarda bacteria obtained a density of 2.53 x 107 cells/ml and a toxicity test (LC50) of red galangal extract which was not toxic to fish. The administration of red galangal extract (A. purpurata) had a significant effect on each treatment on erythrocytes, leukocytes, differential leukocytes, hematocrit, and hemoglobin as well as on histopathology. The dose value of red galangal extract that had the most effect on erythrocytes, leukocytes, differential leukocytes, hematocrit, and hemoglobin was at a dose of 525-600 mg/L while the histopathology the most influential was at a dose of 550 mg/L.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 042208 |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2024 03:25 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2024 03:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/208092 |
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