Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Elektrolit dalam Mendegradasi Warna dan COD pada Limbah Cair Batik menggunakan Metode Elektrokoagulasi

Kinasih, Anggita Nur and Dr. Ir. J. Bambang Rahadi W., MS and Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Suharto, MS (2023) Pengaruh Jenis dan Konsentrasi Elektrolit dalam Mendegradasi Warna dan COD pada Limbah Cair Batik menggunakan Metode Elektrokoagulasi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Batik merupakan salah satu warisan budaya asli Indonesia yang diakui oleh UNESCO. Perkembangan industri batik berdampak positif terhadap ekonomi bangsa, namun limbah yang dihasilkan berdampak negatif terhadap lingkungan karena mengandung zat warna serta dapat meningkatkan kadar COD. Elektrokoagulasi merupakan salah satu metode pengolahan limbah cair untuk mendegradasi kadar COD dan zat warna dengan melibatkan reaksi elektrokimia, sehingga kemampuan limbah cair dalam menghantarkan listrik sangat diperlukan, dan dapat ditingkatkan dengan melakukan penambahan elektrolit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis dan konsentrasi elektrolit terhadap penurunan kadar COD dan warna, serta efisiensi removal kadar COD dan warna, menggunakan metode elektrokoagulasi. Penelitian diawali dengan penelitian pendahuluan, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan penelitian utama. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan untuk menentukan variabel kontrol terbaik yang akan digunakan pada proses elektrokoagulasi, yaitu pasangan elektroda (Fe – Fe, Al – Al, Zn – Zn, Fe – Al, dan Al - Fe), tegangan listrik (15, 20, 24, dan 30 volt), kecepatan pengadukan (100, 200, 300 rpm), dan waktu kontak (30, 40, 45, 50, dan 60 menit). Adapun penelitian utama dilaksanakan dengan metode eksperimental sistem batch pada skala laboratorium, menggunakan rancangan bujur sangkar dengan faktor perlakuan jenis elektrolit (HCl, NaOH) dan konsentrasi elektrolit (0.5 M dan 0.1 M). Parameter kualitas limbah cair batik utama yang akan diuji adalah kadar COD dan warna, dengan parameter penunjang meliputi pH dan konduktivitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pendahuluan, elektrokoagulasi dilakukan dengan elektroda Al – Fe, tegangan listrik 24 volt, kecepatan pengadukan 100 rpm, dan waktu kontak 45 menit. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar COD limbah cair batik setelah di elektrokoagulasi dengan perlakuan jenis dan konsentrasi elektrolit pada HCl 0.1 M, HCl 0.5 M, NaOH 0.1 M, NaOH 0.5 M secara berurutan yaitu 59.88, 70.96, 103.67, 115.10, dan 170.77 mg/L, dengan efisiensi removal COD sebesar 99.22%, 99.08%, 98.65%, 98.51%, dan 97.78%. Adapun kadar warna limbah cair batik setelah di elektrokoagulasi dengan perlakuan jenis dan konsentrasi elektrolit pada HCl 0.1 M, HCl 0.5 M, tanpa elektrolit, NaOH 0.1 M, dan NaOH 0.5 M secara berurutan yaitu 1.86, 22.87, 36.00, 48.97, dan 256.73 Pt.Co., dengan efisiensi removal warna sebesar 99.82%, viii 97.82%, 96.57%, 95.34%, dan 75.55%. Secara keseluruhan, jenis dan konsentrasi elektrolit berpengaruh nyata terhadap penurunan kadar COD dan warna, serta peningkatan efisiensi removal kadar COD dan warna limbah cair batik. Jenis dan konsentrasi elektrolit terbaik untuk mendegradasi kadar COD dan warna adalah HCl 0.1 M, dengan kadar COD limbah cair batik setelah diolah sebesar 59.88 mg/L, dan kadar warna sebesar 1.86 Pt.Co. Persen efisiensi removal kadar COD pada perlakuan HCl 0.1 M mencapai 99.15%, sedangkan persen efisiensi removal kadar warna mencapai 99.82%.

English Abstract

Batik is one of Indonesia's original cultural heritage which is recognized by UNESCO. Development of the batik industry has some positive impact on the nation's economic growth, but batik waste has some negative impact on the environment. Batik industry wastewater has been generated since the production process started, and contains dyes and organic materials which cause increased levels of COD. High COD concentrations potentially disrupt aquatic ecosystems, and non-biodegradable synthetic batik dyes can reduce water quality and endanger health. One of the batik wastewater treatment methods to degrade COD and dye levels is electrocoagulation. Electrocoagulation method (EC) involves an electrochemical reaction. Therefore, wastewater must have the ability to pass an electrical current (conductivity). The conductivity of batik wastewater can be increased by adding electrolytes. This study aims to find out the effect of electrolyte type and concentration to degrading dyes and COD level of batik wastewater, using electrocoagulation methods. The laboratory study begins with preliminary research, then continues with the main research. Preliminary research aims to find out the best controlled variables which will be used in the main research, i.e. type of electrode (Fe – Fe, Al – Al, Zn – Zn, Fe – Al, and Al – Fe), electrical voltage (15, 20, 24, and 30 volts), stirring speed (100, 200, 300 rpm), and operating time (30, 40, 45, 50, and 60). Main research is carried out with an experimental batch system on a laboratory scale, using a Latin Square Design, with electrolyte type factors (NaOH, HCl) and electrolyte concentration factors (0.1 M and 0.5 M) as the independent variables. Main parameters of the batik wastewater quality to be tested are COD and dye levels, with supporting parameters i.e. pH, and conductivity. Calculation of data used to measure the removal efficiency of COD and dye levels, then descriptive and statistical analysis aims to determine the relation between treatment factors and the wastewater parameters. Based on the results of preliminary research, the control variables used in this study are Al - Fe electrode pair, 24 volt electric voltage, 100 rpm stirring speed, and 45 minutes contact time. The results showed that the COD level of batik wastewater after electrocoagulation with several electrolyte type and concentration in HCl 0.1 M, HCl 0.5 M, NaOH 0.1 M, NaOH 0.5 M sequentially were 59.88, 70.96, 103.67, 115.10, and 170.77 mg/L, with COD removal efficiency i.e 99.22%, 99.08%, 98.65%, 98.51%, and 97.78%. x The dye levels of batik wastewater after electrocoagulation with several electrolyte type and concentration in HCl 0.1 M, HCl 0.5 M, without electrolyte, NaOH 0.1 M, and NaOH 0.5 M are sequentially 1.86, 22.87, 36.00, 48.97, and 256.73 Pt.Co., with color removal efficiency i.e 99.82%, 97.82%, 96.57%, 95.34%, and 75.55%. Overall, electrolyte type and concentration have a significant effect on reducing COD and dye levels, and increase the removal efficiency of COD and dye levels of batik wastewater. The best electrolyte type and concentration to degrade COD and dye levels is HCl 0.1 M, with COD levels of batik wastewater after treatment is 59.88 mg/L, and dye levels is 1.86 Pt.Co. Percent removal efficiency of COD levels in the HCl 0.1 M treatment reached 99.15%, while the percent removal efficiency of color levels reached 99.82%.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052310
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Limbah Cair Batik, COD, Zat Pewarna Batik, Elektrokoagulasi, Jenis dan Konsentrasi Elektrolit-Batik Wastewater, COD, Batik Dyes, Electrocoagulation, Electrolyte Type and Concentration
Divisions:	Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with email y13w@ub.ac.id
Date Deposited:	11 Jan 2024 03:10
Last Modified:	11 Jan 2024 03:10
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/208022

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Anggita Nur Kinasih.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (2MB)

Actions (login required)

View Item