Studi Pengaruh Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) Terhadap Metabolom Tanaman Selada Sistem Hidroponik NFT Melalui Pendekatan Metabolomik.

Putra, Anton Meilus and Luqman Qurata Aini,, SP., M.Si., Ph.D and Muhammad Akhid Syib’li,, SP., MP., Ph.D and Eriyanto Yusnawan,, SP., Ph.D (2023) Studi Pengaruh Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) Terhadap Metabolom Tanaman Selada Sistem Hidroponik NFT Melalui Pendekatan Metabolomik. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Sistem budidaya hidroponik mengalami beberapa kendala seperti stress abiotik dan biotik. Stress abiotik dan biotik akan berpengaruh terhadap peunurunan pertumbuhan, penurunan biomassa tanaman, dan perubahan metabolit pada tanaman. Pemberian PGPB bermanfaat memberikan respon pertumbuhan yang baik pada pertumbuhan tanaman dan mempengaruhi proses bioikimia yang ada di tanaman salah satunya perubahan senyawa metabolit. Penelitian yang pernah dilakukan hanya melihat respon pemberian PGPB terhadap pertumbuhan dan perubahan beberapa senyawa dengan metode konventional dimana hal tersebut belum dapat menjelaskan secara detail bagaimana respon perubahan metabolit yang terjadi pada tanaman. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana respon tanaman terhadap pemberian PGPB dalam mempengaruhi profil metabolit tanaman selada melalui pendekatan metabolomik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September hingga Desember 2022 di Hidroponik Lily Harvest Jalan Raya Punten, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sedangkan uji laboratorium dilakukan pada laboratorium penyakit tumbuhan FP UB. Tahapan penelitian meliputi: persiapan media tanam, pembibitan dan penanaman, pemupukan menggunakan AB Mix, perbanyakan bakteri dan aplikasi isolat bakteri, Pengamatan pertumbuhan, analisa perubahan metabolit tanaman menggunakan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) dan analisa konsentrasi IAA di akar dan di daun. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan MetaboAnalyst 5.0 (https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/home.xhtml) untuk heatmap PCA, PLSDA, dan jalur metabolik analisis (MetPA). Untuk menentukan kelompok metabolit, fungsi senyawa, dan jalur metabolit menggunakan perpustakaan yang tersedia secara online termasuk PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), basis data jaringan metabolisme tanaman (PNM) (https://plantcyc.org), dan KEGG (https://www.genome.jp/kegg/). Analisis statistik untuk pertumbuhan tanaman dan IAA dianalisis dengan ANNOVA dan diuji lanjut menggunakan Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) dengan taraf nyata 5% menggunakan SPSS ver 25. Ketika tanaman selada diinokulasi dengan PGPB, terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi IAA yang signifikan pada daun dan akar. Perlakuan PGPB juga secara signifikan meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil selada dalam sistem NFT hidroponik. Lima puluh delapan metabolit terdeteksi dalam sampel akar, termasuk metabolit primer dan sekunder. Perlakuan P. migulae UB 54 menginduksi ekspresi metabolit tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya. P. lundensis UB 53 dan P. migulae UB 54 meningkatkan konsentrasi beberapa metabolit esensial yaitu gula, asam lemak, dan gugus asam organik. Berdasarkan analisis jalur metabolisme, lima metabolit memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap metabolisme asam alfa-linolenat, inositol fosfat, metabolisme piruvat, metabolisme sulfur, dan sistem pensinyalan fosfatidilinositol. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa metabolit terutama myo-inositol dan asam asetat penting dalam jalur metabolisme dalam sistem NFT hidroponik selama interaksi PGPBtanaman.

English Abstract

The hydroponic cultivation system experiences several obstacles such as abiotic and biotic stress. Abiotic and biotic stress will affect the decrease in growth, decrease in plant biomass, and changes in plant metabolites. Giving PGPB is beneficial in providing a good growth response in plant growth and affecting the biochemical processes that exist in plants, one of which is the change in metabolite compounds. Research that has been done has only looked at the response of PGPB administration to the growth and changes of several compounds with conventional methods, which have not been able to explain in detail how the response to changes in metabolites that occur in plants. Therefore, this study aims to see how the response of plants to PGPB treatment affects the metabolite profile of lettuce plants through a metabolomics approach. This research was conducted from September to December 2022 at Hydroponic Lily Harvest Jalan Raya Punten, Karangploso District, Malang Regency, East Java. Meanwhile, laboratory tests were carried out in the plant disease laboratory of UB Faculty of Agriculture. The stages of the research included: preparation of planting media, seeding and planting, fertilization using AB Mix, multiplication of bacteria and application of bacterial isolates, observation of growth, analysis of changes in plant metabolites using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and analysis of IAA concentrations in roots and in leaves. Data analysis was performed using MetaboAnalyst 5.0 (https://www.metaboanalyst.ca/home.xhtml) for heatmap PCA, PLSDA, and metabolic pathway analysis (MetPA). To determine metabolite groups, compound functions, and metabolite pathways using libraries available online including PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), plant metabolism network (PNM) database (https://plantcyc .org), and KEGG (https://www.genome.jp/kegg/). Statistical analysis for plant growth and IAA were analyzed by ANNOVA and further tested using Least Significant Difference (LSD) with a significance level of 5% using SPSS ver 25. When lettuce plants were inoculated with PGPB, there was a significantly increased concentration of IAA in leaves and roots. PGPB treatments also significantly increased lettuce's growth and yield in the hydroponic NFT system. Fifty-eight metabolites were detected in the root samples, including primary and secondary metabolites. P. migulae UB 54 treatment induced higher plant metabolite expression than the other treatments. P. lundensis UB 53 and P. migulae UB 54 increased the concentrations of several essential metabolites, i.e., sugars, fatty acids, and organic acid groups. Based on the metabolic pathway analysis, five metabolites had significant impacts on alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, inositol phosphate, pyruvate metabolism, sulfur metabolism, and phosphatidylinositol signalling system. This study suggested that metabolites particularly myo-inositol and acetic acid were important in metabolic pathways in the hydroponic NFT system during PGPB-plant interactions.

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	042304
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username chikyta
Date Deposited:	11 Jan 2024 01:24
Last Modified:	11 Jan 2024 01:24
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/207759

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