Analisis Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Ercis (Pisum Sativum L.) di Dataran Medium.

Nur, Annisa and Prof. Dr. Ir. Moch. Dawam Maghfoer,, S.U. and Mochammad Roviq,, SP., MP. (2023) Analisis Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Ercis (Pisum Sativum L.) di Dataran Medium. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Ercis (Pisum sativum L.) adalah tanaman penghasil polong yang biasa dijadikan sayur oleh masyarakat. Era globalisasi, permintaan ercis terus meningkat seiring dengan kenaikan jumlah penduduk. Ercis dapat dibudidayakan di dataran tinggi dengan waktu penanaman yang bervariasi tergantung pada varietas dan lingkungan. Selain itu, adanya perubahan iklim juga mempengaruhi pertumbuhan ercis. Peneliti pemulia tanaman dari Universitas Brawijaya telah berhasil melakukan seleksi galur murni sehingga diperoleh genotipe yang diduga adaptif pada dataran medium. Keragaman karakter agronomi dan menganalisis pertumbuhan tanaman ercis dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi pola pertumbuhan tanaman sehingga menjadi langkah awal untuk mengetahui pengelolaan tanaman ercis di dataran medium. Tujuan penelitian yang dilakukan yaitu, mengidentifikasi variasi laju pertumbuhan tanaman untuk analisis pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman ercis di dataran medium. Hipotesis penelitian yaitu, terdapat variasi laju pertumbuhan tanaman pada analisis pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman ercis di dataran medium. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober-Januari 2023 di Lahan Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya Jatimulyo, Malang. Alat yang digunakan adalah alat pertanian, polybag 30 x 30, Digimizer, oven, timbangan, dan amplop. Bahan yang digunakan adalah 3 genotipe ercis berbeda yaitu TMG-(8)(2), BTG-(1) dan BW-44181(3)(1) yang berasal dari seleksi galur lokal dari koleksi pribadi Dr. Budi Waluyo, S.P., M.P., pupuk, ajir, tali gawar dan form pengamatan. Penelitian dilakukan berdasarkan metode eksperimen yang disusun berdasarkan rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Setiap plot terdiri dari 30 polybag yang masingmasing ditanami dengan 1 tanaman dan interval pengamatan per 10 hari dan terdapat 270 tanaman. Variabel pengamatan non-destruktif adalah jumlah daun, sedangkan destruktif adalah tinggi tanaman, luas daun, dan bobot kering tanaman. Variabel hasil adalah jumlah polong per tanaman, jumlah biji per polong, jumlah biji per tanaman, bobot polong per tanaman, bobot biji per polong, bobot biji per tanaman, dan fruit set. Analisis pertumbuhan dengan rasio luas daun, rasio berat daun, spesifik area daun, spesifik berat daun, laju peningkatan biomassa, laju pertumbuhan relatif tanaman, dan data hasil menggunakan ANOVA pada taraf 5%. Hasil yang berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji perbandingan antar perlakuan menggunakan uji lanjut BNT 5%. Pertumbuhan tanaman ercis berdasarkan genotipe berbeda memiliki laju pertumbuhan yang berbeda. Pertumbuhan tanaman ercis genotipe BW-44181(3)(1) memiliki laju pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan BTG-(1) dan TMG- (8)(2), dengan nilai LAR, LWR, dan SLA mengalami penurunan seiring bertambahnya usia tanaman. Sedangkan nilai SLW, NAR dan RGR mengalami peningkatan seiring bertambahnya usia tanaman. Selain itu, terdapat perbedaan tahapan pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman berdasarkan tiga genotipe yang berbeda saat memasuki fase generatif dan fase penuaan. Perbedaan genotipe tanaman ercis berpengaruh nyata terhadap hasil yaitu jumlah biji per polong dan jumlah biji per tanaman pada genotipe BW-44181(3)(1).

English Abstract

Pea (Pisum sativum L.) is a legume plant that is often used as a vegetable by the communities. In globalization era, the demand of pea continues to increase along with the increase in population. Pea can be cultivated in highlands with planting times varying depending on the variety and environment. In addition, climate change also affects the growth of pea. Plant breeders from Brawijaya University have successfully selected pure lines to obtain genotypes that are expected to be well-suited for medium-altitude areas. Agronomic character diversity and analyzing the growth of pea plants can be used to identify plant growth patterns as a first step in understanding the management of ercis plants in mediumaltitude areas. The aim of the research was to identify variations in plant growth rates for analysis of growth and yield of pea plants in medium plains. The research hypothesis was that there were variations in plant growth rates in the analysis of growth and yield of pea plants in medium plains. The research was conducted from October to January 2023 at the Experimental Field of the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Jatimulyo, Malang. The tools used agricultural tools, 30 x 30 polybags, Digimizer, oven, scale and envelopes. The materials used were 3 different ercis genotypes, namely TMG- (8)(2), BTG-(1), and BW-44181(3)(1), which were derived from local strain selection from the personal collection of Dr. Budi Waluyo, S.P., M.P., fertilizer, bamboo/poles, jute rope, and observation forms. The research was conducted using an experimental method arranged based on a randomized block design (RBD). Each plot consisted of 30 polybags, each of which was planted with one plant, with observations taken at 10-day intervals. Therefore, 30 plants/genotype x 10 destructive samplings x 3 replications = 270 plants. The non-destructive observation variables was the number of leaves, while the destructive variables were plant height, leaf area, and dry weight of plants. The yield variables were the number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, pod weight per plant, seed weight per pod, seed weight per plant, and fruit set. Growth analysis was conducted using leaf area ratio, leaf weight ratio, specific leaf area, specific leaf weight, biomass accumulation rate, relative growth rate, and yield data were analyzed using ANOVA at the 5% level. Significantly different results were further tested using the LSD 5% level. The growth of pea plants based on different genotypes has a different growth rate. Pea plant genotype BW-44181(3)(1) had a higher growth rate than BTG-(1) and TMG-(8)(2), with LAR, LWR, and SLA values decreasing with increasing plant age. Meanwhile, the SLW, NAR and RGR values increased with increasing plant age. In addition, there are differences in the stages of plant growth and development based on three different genotypes when entering the generative phase and the aging phase. Differences in pea plant genotypes had a significant effect on yield, namely the number of seeds per pod and the number of seeds per plant on genotype BW-44181(3)(1).

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	052304
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username chikyta
Date Deposited:	10 Jan 2024 08:42
Last Modified:	10 Jan 2024 08:42
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/207664

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