Sarumpaet, Dicky Gabriel Partogi and Ir. Vivi Nurhadianty, SE., M.E and Ir. Aji Hendra Sarosa., SE., M.E (2023) Pengaruh Perbedaan Metode Pengeringan Bunga Cengkeh Terhadap Yield dan Kadar Eugenol Minyak Cengkeh. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Minyak bunga cengkeh adalah salah satu komoditas minyak atsiri terbesar dari Indonesia yang dihasilkan melalui penyulingan uap. Pada penyulingan uap, pengeringan bahan baku merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi yield dan kualitas minyak atsiri. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh variasi metode pengeringan bunga cengkeh terhadap yield dan kadar eugenol minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan metode penyulingan uap. Sampel berupa bunga cengkeh varietas Zanzibar yang diperoleh dari Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan terlebih dahulu disortir dari pengotor yang selanjutnya akan dikeringkan dengan menggunakan 3 metode open sun drying, hot air drying, dan forced circulation drying hingga kadar airnya mencapai 14±2%. Rangkaian alat penyulingan yang digunakan terdiri dari ketel suling, kondensor, alat pemanas(LPG) dan penampung distilat. Di dalam ketel suling terdapat saringan berlubang yang memisahkan antara ruang bagian bawah yang berisi air dengan ruang bagian atas yang berisi bunga cengkeh. Proses penyulingan dilakukan pada tekanan atmosferik selama 6 jam yang dihitung dari tetesan pertama. Distilat hasil penyulingan uap ditampung dan dipisahkan dari air menggunakan separating flask, selanjutnya minyak yang telah dipisahkan tadi ditambahkan MgSO4 anhydrate untuk dipisahkan lebih lanjut dari air yang masih ada di minyak atsiri. Selanjutnya dilakukan penyaringan vakum untuk memisahkan padatan MgSO4 dan minyak sehingga nantinya diperoleh minyak bunga cengkeh yang lebih murni. Yield minyak bunga cengkeh yang terbesar dihasillkan menggunakan metode forced circulation drying sebesar 14,6% . Selain dari yield, diperoleh juga kadar eugenol minyak bunga cengkeh terbesar dengan metode forced circulation drying sebesar 97,4%
English Abstract
Clove oil is one of the largest essential oil commodities from Indonesia which is produced through steam distillation. In steam distillation, drying of raw materials is a factor that affects the yield and quality of essential oils. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the effect of various clove flower drying methods on the yield and eugenol content of essential oil produced using the steam distillation method. Samples of clove flowers of the Zanzibar variety obtained from Makassar, South Sulawesi were first sorted from impurities which would then be dried using 3 methods of open sun drying, hot air drying, and forced circulation drying until the water content reached 14 ± 2%. The series of distillation equipment used consists of a still boiler, condenser, heating device (LPG) and distillate container. Inside the flute kettle there is a perforated filter that separates the lower chamber which is filled with water and the upper chamber which is filled with clove flowers. The distillation process was carried out at atmospheric pressure for 6 hours, counting from the first drop. The distillate resulting from steam distillation is collected and separated from the water using a separating flask, then the oil that has been separated is added MgSO4 anhydrate to be separated further from the water that is still present in the essential oil. Furthermore, vacuum filtration was carried out to separate the MgSO4 solids and oil so that later a purer clove flower oil was obtained. The highest yield of clove oil was produced using the forced circulation drying method of 14.63%. Apart from the yield, the highest eugenol content of clove oil was also obtained using the forced circulation drying method of 97.36%.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052307 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | bunga cengkeh, distilasi uap, kadar eugenol, minyak atsiri, pengeringan, yield-clove, drying, essential oil, eugenol content, steam distillation, yield |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Kimia |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username suprihatin |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jan 2024 08:16 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jan 2024 08:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/207620 |
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Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
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