Pradnyasistha, Amira Naifasanti and Prof.Dr.Ir, Sudiarso,, MS. (2023) Pengaruh Pupuk Organomineral dan Pupuk Anorganik pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) merupakan salah satu tanaman penghasil pemanis alami yang bebas kalori. Selain bebas kalori, ekstrak daun stevia juga bersifat antioksidan dan non karsinogenik. Tanaman stevia mengandung senyawa steviosida dan rebaudiosida yang memiliki rasa manis dengan kadar cukup tinggi dibanding pemanis alami lainnya. Budidaya tanaman stevia perlu penanganan yang tepat agar pertumbuhan dan kualitas hasil produksinya memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat. Tanaman stevia seringkali mengalami defisiensi unsur hara. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pemupukan untuk menyediakan nutrisi dalam tanah akan sangat bermanfaat bagi tanaman, salah satunya pupuk organomineral. Kurangnya informasi mengenai perbandingan antara pengaruh aplikasi pupuk organomineral dan pupuk anorganik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman stevia, menyebabkan penelitian ini penting untuk dilakukan. Adapun penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk organomineral pada pertumbuhan dan hasil stevia dibandingkan dengan pupuk anorganik dan pupuk kandang sapi. Hipotesis pada penelitian ini adalah aplikasi pupuk organomineral dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil stevia lebih tinggi dibandingkan pupuk anorganik dan tanpa pupuk. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Maret sampai Mei 2023 di Desa Dadaprejo, Kecamatan Junrejo, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur. Pelaksanaan penelitian dilakukan menggunakan rancangan percobaan berupa Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial dengan 9 taraf perlakuan dan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali ulangan, sehingga didapatkan total 27 petak perlakuan. Perlakuan yang digunakan antara lain P0 (Tanpa Pupuk), P1 (Organomineral 600 kg ha-1), P2 (Organomineral 1200 kg ha-1), P3 (Organomineral 1800 kg ha-1), P4 (Organomineral 2400 kg ha-1 ), P5 (NPK 50 kg ha-1 + Urea 50 kg ha-1 ), P6 (NPK 100 kg ha-1 + Urea 100 kg ha-1 ), P7 (NPK 150 kg ha-1 + Urea 150 kg ha-1 ), P8 (NPK 200 kg ha-1 + Urea 200 kg ha-1). Adapun variabel tanaman yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, jumlah cabang, bobot segar daun, bobot kering daun, dan kadar gula. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam dengan taraf 5% dan apabila perlakuan berpengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pupuk organomineral dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman stevia, dibandingkan pupuk anorganik dan tanpa pupuk. Pupuk organomineral dosis 2400 kg ha-1 memiliki bobot kering daun yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa pupuk, tetapi tidak berbeda nyata dibandingkan dosis organomineral 1200 kg ha-1, 1800 kg ha-1, dan pupuk NPK + Urea dosis 150 kg ha-1 dan 200 kg ha-1. Aplikasi pupuk organomineral dan pupuk anorganik menghasilkan tingkat kemanisan stevia yang relatif sama dengan kadar gula lebih dari 22 %Brix
English Abstract
Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) is a natural sweetener that contains no calories. Stevia leaf extract is not only calorie-free, but it is also antioxidant and non-carcinogenic. The stevia plant contains stevioside and rebaudioside compounds which have a sweet taste with quite high levels compared to other natural sweeteners. Stevia plant cultivation needs proper management to ensure that the growth and quality of the production results fulfill the needs of the community. Nutrient shortages are common in stevia plants. Therefore, fertilization activities to provide nutrients in the soil will be very beneficial for plants, one of which is organomineral fertilizers. The lack of information regarding the comparison between the effect of the application of organomineral fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of stevia plants, makes this research important to do. This research was conducted to determine the effect of organomineral fertilizers in increasing the growth and yield of stevia compared to inorganic fertilizers and without fertilizers. The hypothesis in this study was that the application of organomineral fertilizers could increase the growth and yield of stevia higher than inorganic fertilizers and without fertilizers. The research activity was conducted from March to May 2023 in Dadaprejo Village, Junrejo District, Batu City, East Java. The research was carried out using an experimental design in the form of a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 treatment levels and 3 replications, so that a total of 27 treatment plots were obtained. The treatments used included P0 (Without fertilizer), P1 (Organomineral 600 kg ha-1 ), P2 (Organomineral 1200 kg ha-1 ), P3 (Organomineral 1800 kg ha-1 ), P4 (Organomineral 2400 kg ha-1 ), P5 (NPK 50 kg ha-1 + Urea 50 kg ha-1 ) Ha), P6 (NPK 100 kg ha-1 + Urea 100 kg ha-1 ) Ha), P7 (NPK 150 kg ha-1 + Urea 150 kg ha-1 ), P8 (NPK 200 kg ha-1 + Urea 200 kg ha-1 ). The plant variables observed included plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, number of branches, fresh leaf weight, dry leaf weight, and sugar content in plants. Observational data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a level of 5% and if the treatment had a significant effect then it was continued with a DMRT follow-up test at a level of 5%. The results showed that organomineral fertilizers could increase the growth and yield of stevia plants, compared to inorganic fertilizers and without fertilizers. Organomineral fertilizer doses of 2400 kg ha-1 had higher leaf dry weight than without fertilizer, but not significantly different from organomineral doses of 1200 kg ha-1, 1800 kg ha-1, and NPK + Urea fertilizer doses of 150 kg ha-1 and 200 kg ha-1. The application of organomineral and inorganic fertilizers produced stevia's sweetness level which was relatively the same with a sugar content of more than 22% Brix.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username chikyta |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Jan 2024 07:08 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Jan 2024 07:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/207478 |
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