Alfarizi, Muhammad and Dr. Uma Khumairoh,, SP., M.Sc. (2023) Pengaruh Waktu Pemangkasan Cabang Lateral pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Kacang Panjang (Vigna sinensis L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kacang panjang (Vigna sinensis L.) merupakan salah satu komoditas sayuran polong yang banyak dibudidayakan oleh masyarakat di Indonesia. Berdasarkan data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) 2017-2020, produksi kacang panjang nasional tahun 2017 sebesar 381.185 ton, tahun 2018 mengalami penurunan menjadi 370.202 ton, kembali menurun pada tahun 2019 menjadi 352.700 ton dan menurun pada tahun 2020 menjadi 349.158 ton. Sehingga upaya peningkatan produksi melalui pemangkasan cabang lateral dan varietas unggul. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu pemangkasan cabang lateral pada pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas tanaman kacang panjang. Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini adalah waktu pemangkasan cabang lateral pada akhir masa vegetatif memberikan pengaruh terhadap peningkatan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang panjang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-November 2022, berlokasi di Desa Tegalkuning, Kecamatan Banyuurip, Kabupaten Purworejo. Alat yang digunakan yaitu gunting, sprayer, kamera, meteran, timbangan. Bahan yang digunakan yaitu kacang panjang varietas Pertiwi, Katrina dan Kanton Tavi, alvaboard, ajir, tali gawar, mulsa jerami, pupuk kandang, pupuk urea 100 kg/ha, TSP 200 kg/ha, KCl 100 kg/ha dan pestisida. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama waktu pemangkasan cabang lateral (P) yaitu: P1 (pemangkasan cabang lateral 20 hst); P2 (pemangkasan cabang lateral 25 hst); P3 (pemangkasan cabang lateral 30 hst). Faktor kedua varietas (V) yaitu: V1 (varietas Pertiwi); V2 (varietas Katrina); V3 (varietas Kanton Tavi). Kedua faktor menghasilkan 9 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan, sehingga didapatkan 27 petak percobaan. Variabel pengamatan yaitu panjang tanaman (cm), jumlah daun (trifoliate), luas daun (cm2), umur berbunga (hst), jumlah bunga (kuntum), umur panen (hst), jumlah polong segar per tanaman (buah), panjang polong (cm), bobot polong segar per tanaman (g), produksi polong per petak (kg), produksi polong per ha (ton). Data dianalisis dengan uji F (Analysis of Variance) pada taraf 5%. Jika terdapat pengaruh nyata (F hitung > F tabel 5%) maka dilanjutkan uji BNJ taraf 5 %. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat interaksi antara perlakuan waktu pemangkasan cabang lateral dan perlakuan varietas terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil kacang panjang. Waktu pemangkasan cabang lateral 30 hst meningkatkan panjang tanaman, jumlah bunga, jumlah polong segar, bobot polong segar per tanaman, produksi polong per petak panen dan produksi polong per hektar. Perlakuan varietas Pertiwi dan varietas Kanton Tavi mampu meningkatkan luas daun, jumlah bunga, panjang polong, bobot polong segar per tanaman, produksi polong per petak panen dan produksi polong per hektar. Perlakuan waktu pemangkasan cabang lateral dan perlakuan varietas tidak berpengaruh nyata pada umur berbunga dan umur panen kacang panjang.
English Abstract
Yard long bean (Vigna sinensis L.) is a leguminous vegetable commodity that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) 2017-2020, national yardlong bean production in 2017 was 381,185 tons, in 2018 it decreased to 370,202 tons, decreased again in 2019 to 352,700 tons and decreased in 2020 to 349,158 tons. So that efforts to increase production through pruning lateral branches and superior varieties. This study aimed to determine the effect of lateral branch pruning time on the growth and yield of several varieties of long bean plants. The hypothesis in this study was pruning lateral branches at the end of the vegetative period has an effect on increasing the growth and yield of long bean plants. The research was conducted in August-November 2022, located in Tegalkuning Village, Banyuurip District, Purworejo Regency. The tools used are scissors, sprayer, camera, meter, scales. The materials used were long beans of the Pertiwi, Katrina and Kanton Tavi varieties, alvaboard, stake, gawar rope, straw mulch, manure, 100 kg/ha of urea, 200 kg/ha of TSP, 100 kg/ha of KCl and pesticides. The study used a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors. The first factor was the timing of pruning lateral branches (P), namely: P1 (pruning lateral branches 20 DAP); P2 (pruning lateral branches 25 DAP); P3 (pruning lateral branches 30 DAP). The second factor of variety (V) is: V1 (Pertiwi variety); V2 (Katrina variety); V3 (Kanton Tavi variety). Both factors resulted in 9 treatment combinations with 3 replications, resulting in 27 experimental plots. The observed variables were plant length (cm), number of leaves (trifoliate), leaf area (cm2), age of flowering (DAP), number of flowers (buds), age of harvest (DAP), number of fresh pods per plant (fruit), pod length (cm), fresh pod weight per plant (g), pod production per plot (kg), pod production per ha (tons). Data were analyzed with the F test (Analysis of Variance) at 5% level to determine the effect of the treatment. If there is a significant effect (F count > F table 5%) then the HSD test is continued at the 5% level. The results showed that there was no interaction between lateral branch pruning time and varietal treatment on long bean growth and yield. Lateral branch pruning time of 30 hst increased plant length, number of flowers, number of fresh pods, fresh pod weight per plant, pod production per harvest plot and pod production per hectare. The Pertiwi and Kanton Tavi variety gave same effect on leaf area, number of flowers, pod length, fresh pod weight per plant, pod production per harvest plot and pod production per hectare. Treatment of lateral branch pruning and variety treatment had no significant effect on flowering time and long bean harvest time.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 052304 |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ismiatun |
Date Deposited: | 10 Jan 2024 06:34 |
Last Modified: | 10 Jan 2024 06:34 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/207425 |
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Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
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