Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) terhadap Ekspresi p38 pada Kultur Sel Fibroblas Keloid

Danaparamita Dharsono, Agita and dr. Herwinda Brahmanti,, MSc, Sp.KK(K) and dr. Dhany Prafita Ekasari,, Sp.KK (2023) Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) terhadap Ekspresi p38 pada Kultur Sel Fibroblas Keloid. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Keloid merupakan kelainan fibroproliferatif yang ditandai dengan adanya deposisi kolagen yang abnormal pada luka. Keloid berkembang di luar batas luka asli dan umumnya tanpa disertai gejala, namun pada beberapa kasus dapat disertai dengan keluhan nyeri dan gatal. Keloid memiliki dampak kosmetik, fungsional, dan psikososial pada pasien. Patogenesis keloid memiliki banyak jalur persinyalan yang kompleks, salah satunya melalui jalur Transforming Growth Factor-b (TGF-b). Transforming Growth Factor-b mengaktifasi fibroblas keloid melalui jalu Mitogen Actived Protein Kinase (MAPK). p38 yang merupakan salah satu protein kinase dari jalur MAPk memiliki peran proses proliferasi, diferensiasi, apoptosis, dan migrasi sel. p38 yang teraktivasi akan mengalami translokasi ke nukleus dan mengaktifkan faktor transkripsi yang akan memproduksi mediator proinflamasi dan extracellular matrix (ECM). p38 juga berperan dalam regulasi fosforilasi Smad 2, 3, dan 4, serta menghambat Smad 7. Modalitas terapi keloid telah banyak diusulkan, mulai dari terapi non-invasif hingga terapi invasif, namun diketahui angka rekurensi terjadinya keloid masih tinggi. Pemanfaatan tanaman obat sebagai terapi keloid mulai banyak diteliti, salah satunya adalah daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata). Daun Ciplukan diketahui memiliki berbagai senyawa aktif, yaitu flavonoid, physalin, dan withanolides. Senyawa-senyawa aktif ini diketahui memiliki peran anti-inflamasi dan menghambat proliferasi sel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) terhadap ekspresi p38 pada kultur sel fibroblas keloid. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah post test only control group design. Sampel jaringan fibroblas keloid diperoleh dari satu pasein yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, serta proses pengambilan jaringan keloid dengan metode bedah eksisi di Poli Kulit dan Kelamin RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang. Pasca eksisi, dilakukan proses kultur dan subkultur jaringan. Ekstrak daun Ciplukan (Physalis angulata) diperoleh dari Laboratorium Farmakologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Ekstrak selanjutnya dilakukan uji sitotoksisitas dengan Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Kelompok kontrol dan perlakuan fibroblas keloid dilakukan pengukuran ekspresi p38 dengan metode Western Blot. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan rata-rata ekspresi p38 pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 83,15, kelompok dosis 1/8 IC50 sebesar 170,07, kelompok dosis ¼ IC50 sebesar 130,09, dan kelompk dosis ½ IC50 sebesar 96,59. Dari tiga kelompok perlakuan, ekspresi p38 pada kelompok dosis ½ IC50 (48,06 μg/ml) mengekspresikan rata-rata p38 paling rendah. Uji Pairwise Comparisons dengan Uji Tukey menunjukkan bahwa ekspresi p38 pada dosis ½ IC50 berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok dosis ¼ IC50 (p=0.012) dan dosis 1/8 IC50 (p=0.000), namun tidak berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok kontrol keloid (p=0.455).

English Abstract

Keloid is a fibroproliferative disorder characterized by abnormal collagen deposition in the wound. Keloids develop beyond the original wound boundary and generally asymptomatic, but in some cases may be accompanied by complaints of pain and itching. Keloids have cosmetic, functional and psychosocial impacts for the patients. The pathogenesis of keloids has many complex signaling pathways, one of them is through the Transforming Growth Factor-b (TGF-b) pathway. Transforming Growth Factor-b activates keloid fibroblasts through the Mitogen Actived Protein Kinase (MAPK) pathway. p38 which is one of the protein kinases of the MAPK pathway has a role in the process of proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell migration. Actived p38 will translocate to the nucleus and activated transcription factors that will produce proinflammatory mediators and extracellular matrix (ECM). p38 also plays a role in regulating the phosphorylation of Smad 2, 3 and 4, and inhibits Smad 7. Many modalities of keloid therapy have been proposed, ranging from noninvasive therapy to invasive therapy, but it is known that the recurrence rate of keloid occurrence is still high. The utilization of medicinal plants as keloid therapy has begun to be widely studied, one of which is Ciplukan leaves (Physalis angulata). Ciplukan leaves are known to have various active compounds, like flavonoids, physalin, and withanolides. These active compounds are known to have anti-inflammatory roles and inhibit cell proliferation. This study aims to determine the effect of Ciplukan leaf (Physalis angulata) extract on p38 expression in keloid fibroblast cell culture. This research is a pure experimental research. The research design used was post test only control group design. Keloid fibroblast tissue samples were obtained from one patient who included the inclusion and exclusion criterias, as well as the process of taking keloid tissue by surgical excision method at Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital. After excision, the process of tissue culture and subculture was carried out. Ciplukan leaf (Physalis angulata) extract was obtained from the Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University Malang. The extract was then tested for cytotoxicity with Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Control and treatment groups of keloid fibroblasts were measured for p38 expression by Western Blot method. The results of this study showed the average p38 expression in the control group was 83.15, the 1/8 IC50 dose group was 170.07, the ¼ IC50 dose group was 130.09, and the ½ IC50 dose group was 96.59. Of the three treatment groups, p38 expression in the ½ IC50 dose group (48.06 μg/ml) expressed the lowest average p38. Pairwise Comparisons Test with Tukey Test showed that the expression of p38 in the ½ IC50 dose was significantly different from the ¼ IC50 dose group (p=0.012) and 1/8 IC50 dose (p=0.000), but not significantly different from the keloid control group (p=0.455).

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	042306
Divisions:	Profesi Kedokteran > Spesialis Dermatologi dan Venereologi, Fakultas Kedokteran
Depositing User:	Unnamed user with username ihwan
Date Deposited:	10 Jan 2024 02:11
Last Modified:	10 Jan 2024 02:11
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/206931

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