Dharmawati,, Siti and Prof. Dr.Ir. Hartutik,, MP., IPU., ASEAN Eng and Prof. Dr. Ir. Osfar Sjofjan,, MSc.,IPU., ASEAN Eng and Prof. Dr.Ir. Muhammad Halim Natsir,, S.Pt.,MP., IPU., ASEAN Eng. (2023) Penggunaan Enzim Bromelin Dalam Pengolahan Daging Keong Rawa (Pomacea Sp.) Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Penampilan Produksi dan Kualitas Karkas Itik Alabio Jantan. Doktor thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah : 1) Mendapatkan data potensi produksi, kandungan nutrien dan kandungan logam berat daging keong rawa. 2) Mendapatkan data optimasi pH dan suhu daging keong rawa yang diinkubasi dengan menggunakan enzim bromelin.3) Mengevaluasi pengaruh level penggunaan dan lama inkubasi enzim bromelin yang menghasilkan daging keong rawa olahan dengan protein terlarut, kecernaan protein, retensi N dan energi metabolis daging keong rawa. 4) Mengevaluasi pengaruh level penggunaan daging keong rawa olahan dengan enzim bromelin dalam pakan terhadap penampilan produksi, kualitas karkas dan organ dalam itik Alabio jantan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan 3 tahapan menggunakan metode survei dan percobaan laboratorium. Pada penelitian tahap 1 dilaksanakan dengan pengambilan data keong rawa langsung di lapangan secara purposive sampling di Kabupaten Banjar dan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara. Materi yang digunakan pada penelitian tahap 1 adalah keong rawa dan arang sekam padi, selanjutnya penelitan tahap 2 adalah daging keong rawa olahan sebanyak 18.000 g, itik Alabio jantan umur 10 minggu sebanyak 80 ekor dengan bobot badan 1400 ±2,56 g/ekor dan bahan-bahan kimia. Materi penelitian tahap 3 adalah DOD itik Alabio jantan sebanyak 400 ekor dengan bobot badan 40±0,25 gram/ekor, bahan kimia dan bahan-bahan pakan. Variabel penelitian tahap 1 adalah data potensi produksi keong rawa, potensi nutrisi keong rawa dan kandungan logam berat pada daging keong rawa. Analisis statistik yang digunakan pada penelitian tahap 1 menggunakan analisis bivariat, penelitian tahap 2 menggunakan Rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial yaitu level enzim bromelin (1, 2,3 dan 4%) dan lama inkubasi (1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 jam) dengan pola 5 x 5 x 4 dan selanjutnya menggunakan level (1, 2,3,4%) dan lama inkubasi (1, 2, 3 dan 4 jam) dengan 4 x 4 x 5, sedangkan pada penelitian tahap 3 menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan pola tersarang 2 x 5 x 4 yaitu dengan 2 jenis pengolahan daging keong rawa dan 5 level penggunaannya dalam pakan yaitu 0% ; 2,5% ; 5,0%, 7,5% dan 10%. Variabel penelitian tahap 2 adalah (a) optimasi pH dan suhu enzim bromelin pada daging keong rawa, level penggunaan dan lama inkubasi enzim bromelin pada daging keong rawa, protein terlarut, energi metabolis, kecernaan bahan kering, retensi nitrogen dan kecernaan protein daging keong rawa. Selanjutnya variabel penelitian tahap 3 adalah penampilan produksi, kualitas karkas dan kualitas organ dalam itik Alabio jantan. Hasil penelitian potensi produksi keong rawa adalahb 249.215.843.897 ton/BK di lahan rawa lebak dengan kandungan protein 67,35±0,04%. Kandungan logam berat pada daging keong rawa Pb 19,45±0,65 ppm – 20,44±20,44 ppm, Cd 10,65±0,26 ppm, Hg 15,89±0,23x ppm, dan Fe 700,21±0,78 ppm, 700,21±0,78 ppm - 981,29±15,19 ppm. Efektivitas penyerapan arang sekam padi terhadap kandungan logam berat terhadap Pb dan Cd adalah 99,99% dengan menggunakan arang sekam padi n 10% selama 24 jam, sedangkan pada mercuri (Hg) dan besi (Fe) efektivitas penyerapan masing 96,75% dan 99,57%. Enzim bromelin optimum digunakan pada daging keong pada suhu 70oC, pH 5,8, konsentrasi 3% dengan lama inkubasi 3 jam. Penggunaan daging keong rawa yang tidak diinkubasi dengan enzim bromelin optimal digunakan sebanyak 5% dalam pakan itik Alabio jantan, sedangkan daging keong rawa yang diinkubasi dengan enzim bromelin optimum digunakan 7,5% dan mampu secara signifikan meningkatkan performans serta memperbaiki kualitas karkas itik Alabio.
English Abstract
The aims of this study were to: 1) Obtain data on the production potential, nutrient content, and heavy metal content of freshwater snail flesh; 2) Obtain data on pH and temperature optimization of freshwater snail flesh incubated using the bromelain enzyme. 3) Evaluate the effect of the level of use and incubation time of the bromelain enzyme, which produces processed freshwater snail flesh with soluble protein, protein digestibility, nitrogen retention, and metabozable energy. 4) Evaluate the effect of the level of use of processed freshwater snail flesh with bromelain enzyme in feed on production performance, carcass quality, and internal organs of male Alabio ducks. This research was carried out in three stages using survey methods and laboratory experiments. In phase 1, the research was carried out by collecting data on freshwater snails directly in the field by purposive sampling in Banjar Regency and Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. The materials used in the first phase of the research were freshwater snails and rice husk charcoal; the materials for the second stage of the research were 18,000 g of processed swamp snail meat, 80 male Alabio ducks aged 10 weeks with a body weight of 1400 ± 2.56 g/head, and chemicals. The research material for phase 3 was 400 DOD Alabio male ducks with a body weight of 40 ± 0.25 gram/head, chemicals, and feed ingredients. The variables of the first phase of the research were data on the potential for freshwater snail production, the nutritional potential of freshwater snails, and the content of heavy metals in freshwater snail flesh. The statistical analysis used in the study was stage 1 using bivariate analysis and stage 2 using a completely randomized factorial design, namely bromelain enzyme levels (1, 2.3, and 4%) and incubation time (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5). hours) with a 5 x 5 x 4 pattern and then using level (1, 2, 3, 4%) and incubation time (1, 2, 3, and 4 hours) with 4 x 4 x 5, while in phase 3 research using a completely random design completely random with a nested pattern of 2 x 5 x 4, namely with 2 types of freshwater snail flesh processing and 5 levels of its use in feed, namely 0%; 2.5%; 5.0%, 7.5% and 10%. The variables of the second phase of the study were (a) optimizing the optimum pH and temperature of the bromelain enzyme in freshwater snail flesh, the level of use of bromelain enzyme and incubation time in freshwater snail flesh, soluble protein, metabolizable energy, dry matter digestibility, nitrogen retention, and protein digestibility of freshwater snail flesh. Furthermore, the research variables for stage 3 were male Alabio duck performance, carcass quality, and internal organ quality of male Alabio ducks. The results of the research on thexii potential production of swamp snails were 249,215,843,897 tons/BK in lebak swampland with a protein content of 67.35 ± 0.04%. Heavy metal content in freshwater snail flesh : Pb 19.45 ± 0.65 ppm – 20.44 ± 20.44 ppm; Cd 10.65 ± 0.26 ppm; Hg 15.89 ± 0.23 ppm, and Fe 700, 21±0.78 ppm, 700.21±0.78 ppm - 981.29±15.19 ppm. The absorption effectiveness of rice husk charcoal on heavy metal content in Pb and Cd was 99.99% at 10% use for 24 hours, while for mercury (Hg) and iron (Fe), the absorption effectiveness was 96.75% and 99.57%, respectively. The optimum bromelain enzyme was used in snail flesh at 70 oC, pH 5.8, and 3% concentration with 3 hours of incubation. The use of freshwater snail flesh that was not incubated with optimal bromelain enzyme was used as much as 5% in male Alabio duck feed, while freshwater snail flesh incubated with optimal bromelain enzyme was used at 7.5% and was able to significantly improve performance and improve the quality of Alabio duck carcasses.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doktor) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | - |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Enzim bromelin, daging keong rawa, penampilan produksi, kualitas karkas, itik Alabio jantan-Bromelain enzym, freshwater snail flesh, production performance,carcass quality, male Alabio duck |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Doktor Ilmu Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username suprihatin |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jan 2024 08:35 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Jan 2024 08:35 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/206853 |
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