Dearni Sihite, Meiwani and Prof. Ir. Didik Suprayogo,, M.Sc., Ph.D (2023) Cacing Tanah Sebagai Indikator Kualitas Tanah Di Lahan Pertanian Kawasan Pegunungan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Erosi merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya degradasi lahan di kawasan pegunungan di Indonesia. Adanya faktor kemiringan lahan, jumlah hujan dan intesitas hujan yang relatif tinggi di areal pertanian lahan kering menyebabkan kerusakan fisik, kimia dan biologi tanah sehingga produktivitas lahan semakin menurun. Ciri umum dari terjadinya degradasi tanah ialah dengan penurunan cadangan bahan organik secara signifikan dan penurunan komoditas invertebrata khususnya cacing. Cacing cukup peka terhadap teknik budidaya sehingga cacing tanah dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu faktor biologis dalam suatu ekosistem. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui keberadaan cacing tanah di berbagai manajemen lahan di daerah pegunungan yang menjadi indikator degradasi lahan serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September hingga oktober, Desa Sumberbrantas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei yaitu dengan metode observasi sistematik di 9 manajemen lahan yaitu hutan lindung campuran (HLC), hutan produksi dengan sistem agroforestri berbasis pinusrerumputan (APR), hutan produksi dengan sistem agroforestri berbasis pinussayuran (APS), Agroforestri Apel-Sayuran (AAS), dan lahan monokultur berdasarkan kelas kelerengan yaitu sayuran kelas kelerengan 1 (MS0-8), monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 2 (MS8-15), monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 3 (MS15-25), monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 4 (MS25-45) dan , monokultur sayuran kelas kelerengan 5 (MS>45). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dengan menggunakan software Genstat 18th , Apabila berpengaruh nyata(p<0,05) maka akan dilakukan uji lanjut Duncan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berbedaan manajemen lahan mempengaruhi populasi cacing tanah. Cacing tanah paling banyak ditemui di penggunaan lahan hutan dan paling sedikit ditemui di penggunaan lahan monokultur sayuran kelerengan 5 (>45%). Hal ini disebabkan adanya perbedaan ketersediaan bahan organik dan tingkat kemasaman tanah (pH), dimana di penggunaan lahan hutan memiliki bahan organik yang tinggi sedangkan di penggunaan lahan monokultur sayuran memiliki ketersediaan bahan organik paling rendah dan begitu juga dengan tingkat kemasaman tanah. Hal tersebut juga dipengaruhi oleh erosi yang terjadi dimana erosi paling besar ditemukan di lahan monokultur sayuran dengan kelerengan 5 (>45%) sehingga ketersediaan bahan organik semakin berkurang sedangkan erosi paling kecil terjadi di kawasan hutan lindung campuran sehingga ketersediaan bahan organik untuk kehidupan cacing semakin melimpah.
English Abstract
Erosion is the main cause of land degradation in mountainous areas in Indonesia. The factors of land slope, amount of rain and relatively high rainfall intensity in dry land agricultural areas cause physical, chemical and biological damage to the soil so that land productivity decreases. A common feature of soil degradation is a significant decrease in organic matter reserves and a decrease in invertebrate commodities, especially worms. Worms are quite sensitive to cultivation techniques so that earthworms can be used as a biological factor in an ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of earthworms in various land management in mountainous areas which are indicators of land degradation and the factors that influence it. This research was conducted from September to October, Sumberbrantas Village. The research method used was a survey method, namely a systematic observation method on 9 land management, namely mixed protected forest (HLC), production forest with a pine-grass based agroforestry system (APR), production forest with a pine-vegetable based agroforestry system (APS), Apple- Vegetable Agroforestry (AAS), and monoculture land based on slope class namely vegetables class slope 1 (MS0-8), vegetable monoculture slope class 2 (MS8-15), vegetable monoculture class slope 3 (MS15-25), vegetable monoculture class slope 4 (MS25-45) and, vegetable monoculture slope class 5 (MS>45). Data analysis was carried out using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) using Genstat 18th software. If it has a significant effect (p <0.05), then Duncan's test will be carried out at a level of 5%. The results showed that land management differences affected earthworm populations. Earthworms were most commonly found in forest land use and least found in vegetable monoculture land use of slope 5 (> 45%). This is due to differences in the availability of organic matter and soil acidity (pH), where forest land use has high organic matter, while vegetable monoculture land use has the lowest organic matter availability and so does soil acidity. This is also influenced by the erosion that occurs where the greatest erosion is found on vegetable monoculture land with a slope of 5 (> 45%) so that the availability of organic matter decreases while the least erosion occurs in mixed protected forest areas so that the availability of organic matter for worm life becomes more abundant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 052304 |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Unnamed user with username ismiatun |
| Date Deposited: | 09 Jan 2024 07:58 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Jan 2024 07:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/206701 |
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