Luthfiyyah, Veda Arya and Feni Iranawati,, S. Pi., M.Si., Ph.D. and Prof. Dr. Rudianto,, MA (2023) Analisis Mikroplastik pada Sedimen di Pesisir Selat Sempu, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Keberadaan sampah plastik di lingkungan laut dan pesisir merupakan suatu permasalahan yang sering dijumpai. Sampah plastik tersebut dapat terpecah menjadi serpihan kecil berukuran kurang dari 5 mm yang disebut dengan mikroplastik. Mikroplastik ditemukan tersuspensi di kolom perairan dan mengendap pada sedimen dasar laut dan pesisir. Analisis mikroplastik pada sedimen perlu dilakukan karena sedimen berpotensi menjadi tempat pengendapan mikroplastik dalam jangka panjang. Pantai Sendang Biru yang terletak berdekatan dengan Pulau Sempu memiliki banyak aktivitas sosial ekonomi masyarakat seperti pelabuhan perikanan, pasar pelelangan ikan, dan pariwisata. Aktivitas masyarakat serta faktor hidrodinamika di Selat Sempu diduga menjadi salah satu faktor keberadaan mikroplastik. Selain itu, kurangnya informasi terkait mikroplastik menjadi salah satu kendala dalam pengelolaan sumber daya yang dimiliki. Maka dari itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai kandungan mikroplastik pada sedimen dengan menganalisis sampel sedimen dari wilayah tersebut. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan September-November 2022 yang berlokasi di pesisir Selat Sempu, Kabupaten Malang. Pengambilan data lapang dilakukan pada bulan September 2022. Sampel sedimen Pantai Sendang Biru, Pantai Waru-Waru, Pantai Air Tawar, dan Pantai Goa Caluk diambil sebagai data primer, yang selanjutnya diolah di laboratorium untuk identifikasi karakteristik mikroplastik serta menghitung kelimpahannya pada sedimen. Data sekunder yang digunakan sebagai data pendukung adalah data arus laut pada bulan September 2022 yang diperoleh dari website PODAAC serta data pasang surut bulan September 2022 yang diperoleh dari website SIDIK-BROL. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik tertinggi terdapat di Pantai Air Tawar, sedangkan kelimpahan terendah terdapat pada Pantai Goa Caluk. Karakteristik mikroplastik yang diidentifikasi pada sedimen di pesisir Selat Sempu berdasarkan bentuk, warna, dan ukuran. Didapatkan bentuk mikroplastik di seluruh stasiun didominasi oleh fiber, sedangkan bentuk yang paling sedikit ditemukan yaitu foam. Warna mikroplastik di stasiun Sendang Biru dan Waru-waru didominasi oleh warna hitam, sedangkan di stasiun Air Tawar dan Goa Caluk didominasi oleh warna transparan dan cokelat. Perbedaan warna mikroplastik diduga dapat terjadi karena lama waktu mikroplastik terpapar faktor eksternal seperti sinar matahari. Ukuran mikroplastik di seluruh stasiun didominasi oleh ukuran <20 m. Ukuran yang paling sedikit ditemukan yaitu 1000-2000 m. Perbedaan bentuk dan ukuran mikroplastik dapat terjadi karena beberapa faktor seperti proses fotodegradasi, degradasi termal, biodegradasi, dan faktor abiotik lainnya. Berdasarkan uji statistik didapatkan hasil kelimpahan rata-rata mikroplastik pada sedimen antar stasiun di pesisir Selat Sempu tidak berbeda signifikan, sedangkan berdasarkan jenis, warna, dan ukuran terdapat perbedaan kelimpahan yang signifikan.
English Abstract
The existence of plastic waste in marine and coastal environment is an often-encountered problem. Plastic waste are often found in small pieces smaller than 5 mm which are called microplastics. Microplastics were found suspended in water column and deposited on seafloor and coastal sediments. Researches of microplastics on sediments needs to be carried out as it has potential to be microplastics sink for a long time. Sendang Biru Beach, which is located near Sempu Island, has high socio-economic activities such as fishing port, fish market, and coastal tourism. Local community activities and oceanography factor in Sempu Strait thought to be the main source of microplastics pollution. In addition, lack of information regarding microplastics is one of the obstacles of managing its resources. Therefore, further analysis regarding microplastics content on sediment is needed to through analyzing sediment samples from these area. This research was conducted on September-November 2022 at Sempu Strait in Malang Regency. Sampling process was carried out on September 2022. Sediment samples from Sendang Biru Beach, Waru-Waru Beach, Air Tawar Beach, and Goa Caluk Beach were collected as the primary data which were processed in the laboratory to identify microplastics characteristics and calculate its abundance on sediment. The secondary data used are sea current data on September 2022 obtained from the PODAAC website and tidal data on September 2022 obtained from the SIDIK-BROL website. The results show that the highest microplastic crates are at Air Tawar Beach, while the lowest crates are at Goa Caluk Beach. Characteristics of microplastics identified on sediments at Sempu Strait were based on shape, color, and size. The shape of microplastics at all stations was dominated by fiber, meanwhile, foam was the least dominating shape. The color of microplastics in Sendang Biru and Waru-Waru station is dominated by black, meanwhile transparent and brown was the dominating color in Air Tawar and Goa Caluk station. The color of microplastics can be different due to its exposure time to the external factors such as sun rays. The dominating size range of microplastics in all stations is <20 μm. The least size found is 1000-2000 μm in size. There differences in microplastic shape and size were caused by several factors, including photodegradation by UV rays, thermal degradation, biodegradation, and other abiotic factors. Statistical tests showed that there was no significant difference on average microplastics abundance on sediments in all stations at of Sempu Strait, meanwhile based on type, color, and size there are significant differences in abundance.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080738 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jan 2024 04:17 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Jan 2024 04:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/206100 |
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