Status Jaringan Ginjal dan Intestine Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) pada Perairan yang Tercemar Detergen di Sungai Porong

Fauliza, Tifa and Dr. Uun Yanuhar,, S.Pi., M. Si (2023) Status Jaringan Ginjal dan Intestine Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) pada Perairan yang Tercemar Detergen di Sungai Porong. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Ancaman mengenai pencemaran air terjadi pada Sungai Porong, sungai terusan dari Sungai Brantas yang terletak di Sidoarjo. Pencemaran air merupakan kondisi perubahan di suatu tempat penampungan air, seperti danau, sungai, lautan, serta air tanah akibat adanya aktivitas manusia yang membawa bahan polutan sehingga tidak dapat digunakan sesuai fungsinya. Adanya kegiatan manusia di kawasan Sungai Porong memengaruhi kondisi kualitas perairan yang berdampak pada biota akuatik didalamnya, seperti ikan nila (Oreochromis niloticus). Berfokus pada cemaran detergen dari limbah antropogenik di Sungai Porong, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kualitas air sungai berdasarkan kandungan detergen dan mengetahui pengaruh kandungan detergen terhadap histologi organ ginjal dan intestine ikan nila. Pengambilan sampel air dan ikan terbagi menjadi 3 titik lokasi dengan latar belakang yang berbeda-beda mulai dari kawasan permukiman, kawasan industri dan tambak, serta muara sungai. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yakni metode deskriptif, dimana penelitian ini melakukan pengukuran kualitas air suhu, pH, DO, dan amonia yang dianalisis status mutunya berdasarkan PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 menggunakan metode STORET, kandungan detergen dengan metode MBAS (Methylene Blue Active Substance) yang mengacu pada SNI 06-6989.51: 2005, serta melakukan pengamatan histologi kerusakan organ dengan metode skoring zig-zag. Pengukuran tersebut dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali ulangan pada tiap titik lokasi penelitian. Metode analisis data meliputi uji One-Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) yang dilanjut dengan uji BNT (Beda Nyata Terkecil), dan uji regresi linear sederhana dan berganda. Hasil status mutu perairan Sungai Porong tergolong tercemar sedang dengan kandungan detergen dari titik 1 hingga 3 berturut-turut 5.67 mg/L; 4.27 mg/L; dan 3.80 mg/L. Sementara itu, pengamatan histologi menunjukkan organ ikan nila mengalami kerusakan kategori sedang dengan rentang 15-30%. Kesimpulan yang didapat berdasarkan data tersebut yakni tolak H0, dimana perbedaan titik berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kerusakan histologi ikan dengan titik muara memiliki kerusakan yang paling tinggi. Hubungan kandungan detergen di perairan dengan histologi ikan memberikan hasil tren linear positif, dimana kandungan detergen dan histologi memiliki keeratan yang cukup tinggi, sehingga kandungan detergen dapat memberi pengaruh pada kerusakan organ ikan nila.

English Abstract

The threat of water pollution occurs in the Porong River, a tributary of the Brantas River located in Sidoarjo. Water pollution is a condition of change in a water reservoir, such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater due to human activities that carry pollutants so that they cannot be used according to their function. The existence of human activities in the Porong River area affects the condition of water quality which has an impact on the aquatic biota in it, such as tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Focusing on detergent contamination from anthropogenic waste in the Porong River, this study aims to determine the quality of river water based on detergent content and to determine the effect of detergent content on the histology of the kidneys and intestines of tilapia. The sampling of water and fish was divided into 3 location points with different backgrounds starting from residential areas, industrial areas and ponds, and river mouths. The method used in this study is the descriptive method, where this research measures the quality of water temperature, pH, DO, and ammonia which is analyzed for quality status based on PP No. 22 of 2021 using the STORET method, detergent content using the MBAS (Methylene Blue Active Substance) method which refers to SNI 06-6989.51: 2005, as well as histological observations of organ damage using the zig-zag scoring method. The measurements were repeated three times at each point in the study location. Data analysis methods include the One-Way ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) test followed by the LSD (Less Significant Difference) test and simple and multiple linear regression tests. The results of the water quality status of the Porong River are classified as moderately polluted with a detergent content from points 1 to 3, respectively 5.67 mg/L; 4.27 mg/L; and 3.80 mg/L. Meanwhile, histological observations showed that tilapia organs suffered moderate damage, ranging from 15-30%. The conclusion obtained based on these data is the H0 rejection, where the difference in points has a significant effect on the histological damage of fish with the estuary point having the highest damage. The relationship between detergent content in waters and fish histology results in a positive linear trend, where detergent content and histology have a fairly high affinity, so detergent content can have an effect on tilapia organ damage.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523080728
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 333 Economics of land and energy > 333.9 Other natural resources > 333.95 Biological resources > 333.956 Fishes
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	11 Jan 2024 04:14
Last Modified:	11 Jan 2024 04:14
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/206049

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