Albarra, Nurhafizh Sri and Defri Yona,, S.Pi, M.Sc.stud., D.Sc and M. Arif As`adi,, S.Kel, M.Sc (2023) Analisis Karakteristik Sampah Plastik di Pantai Pulau Bawean. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sampah plastik yang berada di lingkungan laut diketahui berkisar di angka 12,7 miliar ton dan sebagian besar dari sampah plastik tersebut berasal dari aktivitas manusia yang dilakukan di daratan. Angin mampu membawa sampah plastik dari tempat yang jauh dan berkumpul di satu tempat lainnya. Sampah plastik yang mengarungi samudera akan terpapar oleh arus, gelombang, radiasi uv, serta air garam yang akan mempengaruhi ukuran serta menyebar kandungan zat beracun yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik plastik serta menganalisis pengaruh angin dalam penyebaran sampah plastik di Pulau Bawean. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama satu bulan yakni sepanjang bulan Maret 2023 yang merupakan musim barat. Penelitian dilakukan pada 6 pantai berbeda di sekeliling Pulau Bawean yakni Pantai Mayangkara, Kepuhlegundi, Laok Songai, Somor-Somor, Ria, dan Gelam. Pantai terbagi menjadi dua kelompok yakni pantai yang menghadap angin (windward) dan pantai yang membelakangi angin (leeward). Data primer di penelitian ini meliputi kelimpahan sampah laut serta karakteristik berupa bentuk, ukuran, warna, dan tingkat pelapukan. Data sekunder di penelitian ini berupa data angin pada bulan Maret 2023. Terdapat lima plot transek berukuran 5x5 meter pada setiap pantai. Sampah plastik diambil secara langsung dan dikumpulkan di dalam tas jaring. Sampah plastik dibawa ke tempat pengumpulan sampah untuk didata karakteristiknya. Berat sampah diukur menggunakan timbangan digital ke 0.01 g terdekat. Ukuran sampah diukur secara manual ke 0.1 cm terdekat. Bentuk diidentifikasi secara manual dan terbagi menjadi foam, sheet, line, fragment, dan whole. Warna diidentifikasi secara manual dan terbagi menjadi merah, kuning, biru, hitam, putih, dan lainnya. Tingkat pelapukan diidentifikasi secara manual dan terbagi menjadi ringan, sedang, dan berat. Pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali dilakukan pada seluruh pantai setiap 1 minggu di bulan Maret 2023. Sampah plastik yang ditemukan memiliki kelimpahan rata-rata sebesar 0.169 (±0.123) pcs/m2 dan 0.927 (±0.746) g/m2 untuk tipe pantai leeward serta 0.841 (±0.577) pcs/m2 dan 4.479 (±3.551) g/m2 di pantai windward. Ukuran rata-rata sampah plastik di kedua jenis pantai adalah 15-20 cm. Bentuk sampah plastik didominasi oleh sheet di pantai windward dan whole di pantai leeward. Warna pada kedua pantai didominasi oleh warna putih (38%) dan biru (12%). Tingkat pelapukan di kedua pantai berada di angka 48% untuk leeward dan 52% untuk windward. Kelimpahan sampah plastik di Pantai Pulau Bawean tergolong rendah tetapi memiliki ukuran yang besar. Hal ini menunjukkan sifat lokal dari sumber sampah plastik yang didukung oleh kesamaan ukuran, warna, dan tingkat pelapukan sampah plastik di Pantai Pulau Bawean dan angin tidak berperan besar dalam membentuk karakteristik sampah plastik di Pantai Pulau Bawean.
English Abstract
Plastic debris in the marine environment are estimated to be at 12.7 metric tonnes and the majority of those debris are caused by antrophogenic activity on land. Wind can carry plastic debris from one location to another location via the ocean. Plastic debris that are transported by the oceans for a long time will be exposed to currents, waves, UV radiation, and salt water which will affect its size and its spread of high level toxic substances. The aim of this study is to identify the characteristics of plastic debris and analyze the effect of wind on the distribution of plastic debris on Bawean Island. This research was conducted throughout March 2023 which is the west monsoon season in Bawean. The research was conducted at 6 different beaches around Bawean Island, Mayangkara, Kepuhlegundi, Laok Songai, Somor-Somor, Ria, and Gelam. Beaches were classified into two compartments, those with direct exposure to offshore wind (windward) and those without (leeward). The primary data in this study includes the abundance of marine debris and characteristics in the form of shape, size, color, and weathering intensity. Secondary data in this study are wind data of March 2023. Five transects (5x5m) were placed on each beaches. Plastic debris were collected in net bags then transported to the waste collection site to be analysed. Weight were measured with digital scale to the nearest 0.01 g. Size were manually measured to the nearest 0.1 cm. Shapes were identifed to foam, sheet, line, fragment, and whole. Colors were identified to red, yellow, blue, black, white, and others. Weathering intensity were manually identified to mild, moderate, and severe. Three repetitions were carried out on each beach every week on March 2023. The plastic debris found had an average abundance of 0.169 (±0.123) pcs/m2 and 0.927 (±0.746) g/m2 on the leeward coast and 0.841 (±0.577) pcs/m2 and 4.479 (±3.551) g/m2 on the windward coast. The average size of plastic debris on both compartments is 15-20 cm. The shape of plastic waste is dominated by sheets on the windward coast and whole on the leeward coast. The colors on both compartments are dominated by white (38%) and blue (12%). The weathering intensity on leeward coast is 48% and 52% on windward coast. The abundance of plastic debris are classified as low but had a high average size. This shows that the source of plastic debris are local which are supported by the similarity of size, color, and weathering intensity of the debris. Lastly, wind does not play a significant role in shaping the characteristics of plastic debris on Bawean Island Beaches.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080605 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Dec 2023 06:13 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Dec 2023 06:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/205593 |
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