Audina, Nanda and Dr. Ir. Hartati Kartikaningsih,, M.Si and Dr. Ir. Dwi Setijawati,, M. Kes (2023) Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Daun Tua Mangrove (Avicennia marina) menggunakan pelarut NADES (Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Mangrove api api (Avicennia marina) merupakan salah satu jenis mangrove yang masuk dalam kategori mangrove mayor. Daun tua mangrove Avicennia marina memiliki karakteristik berwarna hijau pekat yang terletak pada cabang pohon pertama. Kandungan senyawa-senyawa yang dimiliki oleh daun tua mangrove Avicennia marina seperti flavonoid dan karotenoid menjadikannya memiliki banyak potensi salah satunya sebagai antioksidan. Pemanfaatan senyawa bioaktif pada daun mangrove Avicennia marina dapat diperoleh dengan cara ekstraksi. Penggunaan pelarut Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) sebagai pelarut alternatif dalam ekstraksi. NADES (Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent) adalah sebagai salah satu kandidat pelarut ramah lingkungan yang dipilih sebagai pelarut alternatif dalam ekstraksi senyawa-senyawa bioaktif. Namum, belum ada penelitian mengenai uji aktivitas antioksidan daun tua mangrove (avicennia marina) menggunakan pelarut nades (natural deep eutectic solvents). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perbedaan rasio asam sitrat dan glukosa yang digunakan dalam pembuatan pelarut NADES (Natural deep eutethic solvent) terhadap aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun tua mangrove Avicennia marina. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2022- Mei 2023 bertempat di Laboratorium Ilmu Teknologi Hasil Perikanan Divisi Perekayasan Hasil Perikanan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, malang. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimen. Penelitian ini terbagi menjadi dua tahap yaitu penelitian pendahuluan dan penelitian utama. Penelitian pendahuluan dilakukan untuk untuk mengetahui senyawa fitokimia yang terkandung dalam daun tua mangrove Avicennia marina, kadar air daun tua Avicennia marina, Rendemen daun tua Avicennia marina, pH daun tua Avicennia marina. Penelitian utama dilakukan untuk mengetahui aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak daun tua mangrove Avicennia marina. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan nilai rendemen ekstrak daun tua Avicennia marina rendemen tertinggi pada perlakuan pelarut D (Asam sitrat dan glukosa 4:1) 77,0±0,92, nilai rendemen terendah pelarut A (Asam sitrat: Glukosa 1:1) 73,7±1,04. Nilai kadar air tertinggi pada perlakuan D (Asam sitrat:glukosa 4:1) 27,89±1,08, Kadar air terendah pelarut A (Asam sitrat : Glukosa 1:1) 27,31±0,302. Nilai pH tertinggi pada perlakuan A (Asam sitrat:glukosa 1:1) 1,85±0,02, pH terendah pelarut D (Asam sitrat : Glukosa 4:1) 1,66±0,01. Kandungan total fenol tertinggi didapatkan pelarut D (asam sitrat dan glukosa 4:1) 4,17 ± 0,74 mg GAE/g. Nilai total fenol terendah pelarut A (asam sitrat dan glukosa 1:1) 2,15± 0,81 mg GAE/g. Nilai total flavonoid tertinggi pelarut D (asam sitrat dan glukosa 4:1) 1,45 ± 0,18 mg QE/g. Kandungan total flavonoid terendah pelarut A (asam sitrat dan glukosa 1:1) 0,41 ± 0,17. Hasil uji fitokimia pada ekstrak kasar daun tua Avicennia marina menggunakan NADES menunjukkan positif adanya senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, dan tanin .Aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak kasar daun tua Avicennia marina tertinggi berdasarkan perhitungan IC50 didapatkan pada perlakuan pelarut D (asam sitrat dan glukosa 4:1) dengan nilai IC50 133,85 ± 20,074 ppm tergolong antioksidan sedang. Sedangkan aktivitas antioksidan terendah berdasarkan perhitungan IC50 didapatkan pada perlakuan pelarut A (asam sitrat dan glukosa 1:1) dengan nilai 240,00 ± 24,744 ppm tergolong antioksidan lemah. Hubungan total fenol (mg GAE/g) dengan aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) pada ekstrak kasar daun tua Avicennia marina berbanding lurus. Semakin tinggi nilai total fenol maka aktivitas antioksidannya juga semakin kuat yang ditunjukkan semakin rendahnya nilai IC50. Hubungan total fenol (mg GAE/g) dengan aktivitas antioksidan (IC50) pada ekstrak kasar daun tua Avicennia marina berbanding lurus. Semakin tinggi nilai total fenol maka aktivitas antioksidannya juga semakin kuat yang ditunjukkan semakin rendahnya nilai IC50.
English Abstract
Fire mangrove (Avicennia marina) is one type of mangrove that is included in the major mangrove category. The old leaves of Avicennia marina mangrove have a characteristic solid green color located on the first tree branch. The content of compounds owned by Avicennia marina mangrove old leaves such as flavonoids and carotenoids makes it has a lot of potential, one of which is as an antioxidant. Utilization of bioactive compounds in Avicennia marina mangrove leaves can be obtained by extraction. The use of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) as an alternative solvent in extraction. NADES (Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent) is one of the green solvent candidates chosen as an alternative solvent in the extraction of bioactive compounds. However, there has been no research on the antioxidant activity test of old mangrove (Avicennia marina) leaves extracted using nades (Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents). This study aims to determine the effect of different ratios of citric acid and glucose used in making NADES (Natural Deep Eutethic Solvent) solvents on the antioxidant activity of Avicennia marina mangrove old leaf extract. This research was conducted from December 2022 to May 2023 at the Laboratory of Fishery Products Technology Division of Fishery Products Foundation, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. The method used in this research is experiment. This research is divided into two stages, namely preliminary research and main research. Preliminary research was conducted to determine the phytochemical compounds contained in the old leaves of Avicennia marina mangrove, water content of Avicennia marina old leaves, yield of Avicennia marina old leaves. The main research was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of Avicennia marina mangrove old leaf extract. The results of this study obtained the highest yield value of Avicennia marina old leaf extract in solvent treatment D (Citric acid and glucose 4: 1) 77.0 ± 0.924, the lowest yield value of solvent A (Citric acid: Glucose 1: 1) 73.7 ± 1.037. The highest water content value in treatment D (citric acid: glucose 4:1) 27.89 ± 1.077, the lowest water content solvent A (citric acid: glucose 1:1) 27.31 ± 0.302. The highest total phenol content was obtained by solvent D (citric acid and glucose 4:1) 4,18 ± 0.74 mg GAE/g. The lowest total phenol value was solvent A (citric acid and glucose 1:1) 2,15 ± 0.81 mg GAE/g. The highest total flavonoid value of solvent D (citric acid and glucose 4:1) 1,45 ± 018 mg QE/g. The lowest total flavonoid content was solvent A (citric acid and glucose 1:1) 0,41 ± 0,17. The results of phytochemical tests on crude extracts of Avicennia marina old leaves using NADES showed positive flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, and tannins. The highest antioxidant activity of crude extracts of Avicennia marina old leaves based on IC50 calculations was obtained in solvent treatment D (citric acid and glucose 4: 1) with an IC50 value of 133.85 ± 20.074 ppm classified as moderate antioxidants. While the lowest antioxidant activity based on IC50 calculation was obtained in solvent treatment A (citric acid and glucose 1:1) with a value of 240.00 ± 24.744 ppm classified as weak antioxidants. The relationship between total phenol (mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (IC50) in crude extract of Avicennia marina old leaves is directly proportional. The higher the total phenol value, the stronger the antioxidant activity, which is shown by the lower IC50 value. The relationship between total phenol (mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity (IC50) in crude extract of Avicennia marina old leaves is directly proportional. The higher the total phenol value, the stronger the antioxidant activity, which is shown by the lower IC50 value.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080586 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.2 Commercial fishing, whaling, sealing |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Teknologi Hasil Perikanan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 21 Dec 2023 06:51 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Dec 2023 06:51 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/205485 |
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