Irmawati, - and Prof. Dr. Ir. Mohammad Mahmudi,, MS (2023) Distribusi Keanekaragaman Mikroalga berdasarkan Karakteristik Habitat di Pantai Boom, Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pantai Boom Tuban merupakan sebuah obyek wisata pantai yang memiliki sejarah dan keindahan alam yang unik. Kabupaten Tuban, sebagai wilayah pesisir yang luas, memiliki potensi keanekaragaman hayati, termasuk mikroalga, yang dipengaruhi oleh faktor lingkungan seperti ketersediaan nutrisi, suhu, dan stabilitas perairan. Aktivitas masyarakat sekitar, terutama nelayan, juga berdampak pada kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mikroalga di Pantai Boom. Meskipun belum ada penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman mikroalga di Pantai Boom, identifikasi distribusi mikroalga berdasarkan karakteristik habitat di pantai ini penting dilakukan untuk memahami hubungan antara mikroalga dengan kondisi perairan. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis dan mengidentifikasi jenis mikroalga serta faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhi kelimpahan mikroalga di Pantai Boom, Kabupaten Tuban, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret-April 2023 di Pantai Boom, Kabupaten Tuban, dengan pengambilan sampel pada 3 stasiun pengamatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan metode survey. Sampel diambil sebanyak dua kali pengulangan pada setiap stasiun dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Penelitian ini melibatkan pengamatan kualitas air dan perhitungan parameter mikroalga seperti kelimpahan mikroalga, kelimpahan relatif, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman, indeks dominansi, serta analisis NMDS. Parameter kualitas air yang diamati berupa suhu, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, pH, oksigen terlarut, salinitas, nitrat dan ortofosfat. Hasil penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa mikroalga yang ditemukan di Pantai Boom pada habitat kolom air, substrat batuan, sedimen pasir, dan makroalga terdiri dari 6 kelas dengan total genus yaitu 27. Pada habitat kolom air kelimpahan tertinggi pada stasiun 3 sebesar 94.088,82 sel/L. Pada habitat substrat batuan, sedimen pasir, dan makroalga kelimpahan tertinggi pada stasiun 3 habitat substrat batuan sebesar 511.607,96 sel/cm2. Kelimpahan relatif tertinggi pada stasiun 1, 2, dan 3 yaitu genus Chaetoceros di habitat kolom air sebesar 50%, 50%, dan 54,2%. Indeks keanekaragaman berkisar antara 1,49–2,19 yang tergolong sedang, hal ini berarti hanya spesies mikroalga tertentu yang bersifat toleran dan mampu beradaptasi. Indeks keseragaman berkisar antara 0,67–0,85, hal ini berarti terdapat 1 stasiun yang tergolong rendah sehingga kepadatan mikroalganya tidak merata. Indeks dominansi berkisar antara 0,15–0,32 yang tergolong rendah, hal ini berarti tidak terdapat genus yang mendominasi. Hasil analisis NMDS menunjukkan habitat kolom air dan makroalga memiliki variasi mikroalga yang tinggi dan kemiripan antar habitat rendah, sedangkan antar habitat substrat batuan dan sedimen pasir memiliki variasi yang rendah dan kemiripan antar habitat yang tinggi. Perhitungan parameter kualitas air menunjukkan kondisi perairan tergolong baik. Hasil analisis NMDS juga menunjukkan bahwa mikroalga memberikan respon yang beragam terhadap parameter kualitas air.
English Abstract
Boom Tuban Beach is a beach tourism object that has a unique history and natural beauty. Tuban Regency, as a large coastal area, has the potential for biodiversity, including microalgae, which is influenced by environmental factors such as nutrient availability, temperature, and water stability. The activities of the local community, especially fishermen, also have an impact on the abundance and diversity of microalgae in Boom Beach. Although there has been no research on the diversity of microalgae in Boom Beach, it is important to identify the distribution of microalgae based on the characteristics of the habitat on the beach to understand the relationship between microalgae and water conditions. The objectives to be achieved from this research are to analyze and identify the types of microalgae and environmental factors that affect the abundance of microalgae in Boom Beach, Tuban Regency, East Java. This research was conducted in March-April 2023 at Boom Beach, Tuban Regency, by taking samples at 3 observation stations. The method used is a quantitative descriptive method with a survey method approach. Samples were taken twice repetition at each station using purposive sampling method. This research involved observing water quality and calculating microalgae parameters such as microalgae abundance, relative abundance, diversity index, uniformity index, dominance index, and NMDS analysis. The water quality parameters observed were temperature, brightness, current velocity, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, nitrate, orthophosphate and chlorophyll-a. The results of this study indicated that the microalgae found in Boom Beach in the water column habitat, rock substrate, sand sediments, and macroalgae consisted of 6 classes with a total genus of 27. In the water column habitat the highest abundance was at station 3 of 94,088.82 cells/L. In rock substrate habitat, sand sediment, and macroalgae the highest abundance was at station 3 rock substrate habitat of 511,607.96 cells/cm2. The highest relative abundance was at stations 1, 2 and 3, namely the Chaetoceros genus in the water column habitat of 50%, 50% and 54.2%. The diversity index ranges from 1.49–2.19 which is moderate, this means that only certain species of microalgae are tolerant and able to adapt. The uniformity index ranges from 0.67–0.85, this means that there is 1 station which is classified as low so that the microalgae density is not evenly distributed. The dominance index ranges from 0.15–0.32 which is low, this means that no genus dominates. The results of the NMDS analysis showed that the water column and macroalgae habitats had high microalgae variation and low similarity between habitats, while between rock and sand sediment substrate habitats had low variation and high inter-habitat similarity. Calculation of water quality parameters shows that the condition of the waters is relatively good. The results of the NMDS analysis showed that microalgae gave various responses to water quality parameters.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080477 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 333 Economics of land and energy > 333.9 Other natural resources > 333.95 Biological resources > 333.956 Fishes |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Manajemen Sumberdaya Perairan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Dec 2023 02:00 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Dec 2023 02:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/205147 |
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