Mahmuda, Fathiyah Nailul and Prof. Dr. Ir. Arief Prajitno, , MS. (2023) Uji Efektifitas Ekstrak Kasar Daun Bakau Minyak Rhizophora apiculta Sebagai Penghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus Secara In-Vitro. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan terbesar dan terletak diantara dua benua yaitu benua yaitu Benua Asia dan Benua Australia serta terletak di antara dua samudera yaitu Samudera Hindia dan Samudera Pasifik. Indonesia memiliki ptensi besar dalam sumberdaya ikan laut dan nilai produksi yang tinggi. Salah satu spesies dari genus vibrio yang sangat mematikan dan merugikan para petambak udang di Indonesia adalah Vibrio parahaemolyticus. V. parahaemolyticus menyerang bagian hepatopankreas dan menyebabkan penyakit Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) atau Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) pada udang. Rhizophora apiculata adalah salah satu jenis mangrove yang keberadaanya umum ditemui di pesisir Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat efektifitas ekstrak daun R. apiculata untuk menghambat pertumbuhan V. parahaemolyticus. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Budidaya Ikan Divisi Penyakit dan Kesehatan Ikan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang pada 14 Desember 2022-5 Maret 2023. Perlakuan A (25 ppm) didapatkan ukuran rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 8,691 ± 1,054 mm. Perlakuan B (50 ppm) didapatkan ukuran rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 9,496 ± 0,25 mm. Perlakuan C didapatkan ukuran rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 9,736 ± 0,378 mm. Perlakuan D didapatkan ukuran rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 7,836 ± 0,687 mm. Perlakuan E didapatkan ukuran rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 7,698 ± 0,334 mm. Hasil rerata zona hambat dalam waktu 24 jam 131,010 mm. Kontrol positif dengan menggunakan Ciprofloxacin hydrocloride didapatkan ukuran rata-rata zona hambat sebesar 20,286 ± 0,271 mm. Hasil kontrol negatif menggunakan akuades sebesar dengan kertas cakram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan daun R. apiculata memberikan efek penghambatan pertumbuhan serta bersifat bakteriosidal pada pengamatan 48 jam dengan hasil rerata 138,885 mm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisa hasil dosis yang menghasilkan zona hambat terbesar yaitu 75 ppm. Penurunan zona hambat sendiri disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor yaitu Perbedaan kecepatan difusi senyawa antibakteri pada media agar serta jenis dan konsentrasi senyawa antibakteri yang berbeda, banyaknya komponen bioaktif yang terkandung dalam ekstrak, karena tingginya konsentrasi mengakibatkan tingkat kelarutannya menurun dan menyebabkan zat aktif tidak dapat berdifusi ke dalam agar, kemudian disebabkan oleh komponen bioaktif yang terkandung, karena ada beberapa komponen biokatif yang antagonis terhadap senyawa lain. Hasil literatur mendukung dengan hasil uji fitokimia daun R. apiculata mengandung senyawa saponin yang dapat menurunkan tegangan permukaan sel yang menyebabkan kebocoran sel, tanin yang berfungsi untuk mengkerutkan membran sel, flavonoid yang menyebabkan terganggunya fungsi DNA, RNA dan protein serta alkaloid yang menghambat pembentukan enzim toksin ekstra seluler.
English Abstract
As an maritime nation, Indonesia is located between the Australian and Asian continents as well as the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is also the world's largest country by territory. One of the species of the genus Vibrio that is very deadly and detrimental to shrimp farmers in Indonesia is Vibrio parahaemolyticus. V. parahaemolyticus attacks the hepatopancreas and causes Acute Hepatopancreatic Necrosis Disease (AHPND) or Early Mortality Syndrome (EMS) in shrimp. Mangroves of the Rhizophora apiculata species are frequently seen along the Indonesian coast. Even though the R. apiculata mangroves in Indonesia contain secondary metabolites such tannins, saponins, and terpenoids that can be used as antibacterial sources, the use of them has not been ideal. The study wanted to determine how well R. apiculata leaf extract prevented growth of V. parahaemolyticus. The research was conducted at Laboratorium Budidaya Ikan Divisi Penyakit dan Kesehatan Ikan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang on December 14 2022-March 5 2023. Treatment A (25 ppm) obtained an average inhibition zone size of 8.691 ± 1.054 mm. Treatment B (50 ppm) obtained an average inhibition zone size of 9.496 ± 0.25 mm. Treatment C obtained an average size of the inhibition zone of 9.736 ± 0.378 mm. Treatment D obtained an average size of the inhibition zone of 7.836 ± 0.687 mm. Treatment E obtained an average size of the inhibition zone of 7.698 ± 0.334 mm. The average yield of the inhibition zone within 24 hours was 131.010 mm. The positive control using Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride obtained an average inhibition zone size of 20.286 ± 0.271 mm. Negative control results using distilled water as big as paper discs. The results showed that R. apiculata leaves were bacteriocidal after 48 hours of observation with an average yield of 138.885 mm and had a growth-inhibiting effect. According to the research findings as well as interpretation of those findings, 75 ppm is the dose that results in the biggest inhibitory zone. The decrease in the inhibition zone itself is caused by several factors: the difference in the rate of diffusion of antibacterial compounds in the agar medium and the types and concentrations of different antibacterial compounds; the number of bioactive components contained in the extract; the fact that, due to the high concentration, the solubility level decreases and the active substance cannot diffuse into the agar; and, finally, the bioactive components contained, because there are several bioactive components that work synergistically with other compounds and some are antagonistic to other compounds. The results of the literature support the phytochemical test results of R. apiculata leaves containing saponins, which can reduce cell surface tension, which causes cell leakage; tannins, which function to shrink cell membranes; flavonoids, which cause disruption of the functions of DNA, RNA, and proteins; and alkaloids, which inhibit the formation of toxin enzymes extracellularly.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080423 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Budidaya Perairan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Dec 2023 03:23 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Dec 2023 03:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/204945 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Fathiyah Nailul Mahmuda.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |