Cahyanti, Devi Fatma and Dr. Ir. Muhamad Firdaus,, MP. (2023) Optimasi Konsentrasi KOH, Konsentrasi KCl dan Lama Perendaman KOH Terhadap Karakteristik Karaginan dari Rumput Laut Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii) Asal Tarakan Kalimantan Utara. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kappaphycus alvarezii adalah salah satu jenis rumput laut yang cukup potensial dan banyak dijumpai di perairan Indonesia. Salah satu daerah potensi penghasil rumput laut yang cukup baik adalah perairan Tarakan Kalimantan Utara. Rumput laut K. alvarezii sangat dibutuhkan dalam dunia perdagangan nasional maupun internasional karena dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai penghasil karaginan. Karaginan merupakan produk yang dihasilkan dari proses ekstraksi. Ekstraksi dilakukan dengan menggunakan larutan alkali dan dilanjutkan dengan pemisahan karaginan dan larutannya. Kualitas karaginan dapat dilihat berdasarkan nilai viskositasnya. Faktor yang diduga dapat mempengaruhi nilai viskositas yaitu konsentrasi KOH, konsentrasi KCl dan lama perendaman KOH. Perolehan dari hasil penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan jika masih belum adanya upaya optimasi pada 3 variabel tersebut terhadap karakteristik karaginan K. alvarezii asal Tarakan Kalimantan Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengoptimasi konsentrasi KOH, KCl dan lama perendaman KOH terhadap karakteristik rumput laut merah K. alvarezii asal Tarakan Kalimantan Utara. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember hingga April 2023 di. laboratorium perekayasaan hasil perikanan, laboratorium teknik pengolahan pangan dan hasil perikanan, laboratorium sentral ilmu hayati Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode eksperimen, menggunakan aplikasi Design Expert v 13.0 metode Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan Box Behnken Design (BBD). Variabel penelitian yang digunakan berupa konsentrasi KOH (5, 6, 7 %), konsentrasi KCl (1,2,3 %) dan lama waktu perendaman KOH (1,1,5 dan 2) jam. Analisis respon penelitian ini meliputi rendemen, kadar air, kadar abu, kadar abu tidak larut asam, kadar sulfat, viskositas, kekuatan gel dan derajat warna. Hasil solusi optimasi produksi karaginan yaitu memperoleh rendemen sebesar (33,13%), kadar air (4,96%), kadar abu (32,20%), kadar abu tidak larut asam (0,37%), kadar sulfat (2,79%), viskositas (49,4 cP), kekuatan gel (1348,9 g/cm2) dan derajat warna (83,81). Nilai desirability yang diperoleh sebesar (0,738) atau setara 74%. Hasil verifikasi optimasi memperoleh nilai rendemen sebesar (32,12%), kadar air (4,83%), kadar abu (33,17%), kadar abu tidak larut asam (0,36%), kadar sulfat (0,19%), viskositas (46,95 cP), kekuatan gel (1369 g/cm2) dan derajat warna (83,24). Data ini menunjukkan jika kualitas karaginan sudah sesuai dan memenuhi Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI 8391-1:2017), namun terdapat hasil yang belum sesuai yaitu kadar sulfat 0,19 % dengan standar 15-40%.
English Abstract
Kappaphycus alvarezii is a potential type of seaweed often found in Indonesian waters. One of the areas with good potential for seaweed production is the city of Tarakan, North Kalimantan. K. alvarezii seaweed is needed in the world of national and international trade, namely as a carrageenan producer. Carrageenan is a complex mixture of several polysaccharides. Carrageenan is also a product produced from the extraction process. Extraction was carried out using an alkaline solution and continued with the separation of carrageenan and the solution. The quality of carrageenan can be seen based on the viscosity value. Factors that are thought to affect the viscosity value are KOH concentration, KCl concentration and KOH soaking time. The results of previous research show that there is still no optimization effort on these 3 variables on the characteristics of K. alvarezii carrageenan from Tarakan, North Kalimantan. The purpose of this study was to optimize the concentration of KOH, KCl, and KOH soaking time for the carrageenan yield characteristics of red seaweed K. alvarezii from Tarakan, North Kalimantan. The research was conducted from December to April 2023 in. fishery product engineering laboratory, food and fishery product processing engineering laboratory, central laboratory of life sciences, University of Brawijaya, Malang. The method used in this research is the experimental method, using the Design Expert v 13.0 application, the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method with a Box Behnken Design (BBD). The research parameters used were KOH concentration (5, 6, 7%), KCl concentration (1,2,3%) and KOH soaking time (1,1,5 and 2) hours. Response analysis of this study included yield, water content, ash content, acid insoluble ash content, sulfate content, viscosity, gel strength and degree of color. The results of optimizing carrageenan production were obtaining a yield of (33,130%), water content (4,96%), ash content (32,20%), acid insoluble ash content (0,371%), sulfate content (2,79%), viscosity (49,4 cP), gel strength (1348,9 g/cm2) and degree of color (83,81). The desirability value obtained is (0,738) or equivalent to 74%. The optimization verification results obtained yield values of (32,12%), water content (4,83%), ash content (33,17%), acid insoluble ash content (0,37%), sulfate content (0,19%), viscosity (46,95 cP), strength gel (1369 g/cm2) and degree of color (83,24). This data shows that the quality of carrageenan is in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI 8391-1: 2017), but there are results that are not suitable, namely sulfate levels of 0,19% with a standard of 15-40%.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
---|---|
Identification Number: | 0523080360 |
Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.2 Commercial fishing, whaling, sealing |
Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Teknologi Hasil Perikanan |
Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
Date Deposited: | 04 Dec 2023 07:50 |
Last Modified: | 04 Dec 2023 07:50 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/204800 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Devi Fatma Cahyanti.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (4MB) |
Actions (login required)
View Item |