Melina, Anggi Tasa and Riski Agung Lestariadi,, S.Pi., M.P., Ph.D (2023) Dampak Pandemi COVID-19 terhadap Daya Saing Ekspor Komoditi Rumput Laut Indonesia di Pasar Internasional. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Rumput laut merupakan salah satu komoditi yang terkena dampak pandemi COVID-19. Adanya pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan kinerja ekspor rumput laut mengalami penurunan khususnya pada ekspor rumput laut dalam bentuk raw material. Awal tahun 2020, penurunan ekspor rumput laut dari Indonesia mencapai sekitar -30,54% dari sisi volume dan -19,90% dari sisi nilainya. Pandemi COVID-19 ini mengakibatkan ketidakstabilan perekonomian dunia sehingga kegiatan perdagangan antar negara mengalami gangguan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober 2022 hingga bulan Maret 2023. Data dipergunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data kuantitatif berbentuk data time series dengan runtang waktu bulan Maret 2019 - Maret 2021. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder dengan metode dokumentasi yang bersumber dari publikasi website UN COMTRADE dan jurnal penelitian yang relevan. Data yang diperlukan dalam penelitian adalah data nilai ekspor komoditi rumput laut dari negara Indonesia, data nilai total ekspor negara Indonesia, data nilai ekspor komoditi rumput laut dunia, dan data nilai total ekspor dunia. Komoditi ekspor yang dianalisis yaitu komoditi rumput laut dengan kode HS 121221. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata nilai ekspor komoditas rumput laut dari Indonesia ke China yaitu sebesar $13.254.820 dengan agregat mengalami kenaikan 6% pada periode bulan Maret 2019 - Maret 2021. Rata-rata nilai ekspor rumput laut ke Rep. of Korea yaitu sebesar $740.258 dengan agregat pertumbuhan sebesar 41%. Rata-rata nilai ekspor rumput laut ke Chile yaitu sebesar $624.222 dengan agregat pertumbuhan sebesar 47%. Rata-rata nilai indeks RCA ekspor rumput laut China pada sebelum dan saat pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia cenderung mengalami penurunan sebesar 2,60 atau -9,6%. Nilai rata-rata indeks RCA Rep. of Korea sebelum adanya pandemi COVID-19 yaitu sebesar 29,63 sedangkan saat pandemi COVID-19 yaitu sebesar 34,82. Nilai rata-rata indeks RCA komoditi rumput laut ke Chile sebelum adanya pandemi COVID-19 yaitu sekitar 385,27 sedangkan saat pandemi COVID-19 yaitu sebesar 205,97. Berdasarkan hasil analisis Chi-Square dapat dikatakan bahwa secara statistik tidak berbeda nyata secara statistik antara pandemi COVID-19 dengan daya saing dari ekspor komoditi rumput laut Indonesia ke Negara China dan Negara Rep. of Korea, sedangkan pada Negara Chile pandemi COVID-19 mengakibatkan dampak yang sedikit terlihat. Pada Negara China, pandemi COVID-19 hanya membawa dampak sebesar 0,857x dan pada Negara Rep. of Korea hanya sebesar 0,625x. Pandemi COVID-19 membawa pengaruh yang nyata pada daya saing ekspor komoditi rumput laut Indonesia ke Chile dengan konstribusi sebesar 2,3x sehingga dampak yang dirasakan cukup signifikan.
English Abstract
Seaweed is one of the commodities affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The existence of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused the performance of seaweed exports to decline, especially in exports of seaweed in the form of raw material. At the beginning of 2020, the decline in seaweed exports from Indonesia reached around -30.54% in terms of volume and -19.90% in terms of value. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in instability in the world economy so that trade activities between countries have been disrupted. This research was conducted from October 2022 to March 2023. The data used is quantitative data in the form of time series data with a time span from March 2019 - March 2021. The research uses secondary data with the documentation method sourced from the publication of the UN COMTRADE website and research journals that relevant. The data used are data on the export value of seaweed commodities from Indonesia, data on the total export value of the Indonesian country, data on the world export value of seaweed commodities, and data on the total world export value. The export commodity analyzed is seaweed commodity with HS code 121221. The results showed that the average value of Indonesian seaweed exports to China was $13,254,820 with an aggregate increase of 6% in the period March 2019 - March 2021. The average value of seaweed exports to Rep. of Korea which amounted to $ 740,258 with an aggregate growth of 41%. The average value of seaweed exports to Chile is $624,222 with an aggregate growth of 47%. The average RCA index value for Chinese seaweed exports before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia tended to decrease by 2.60 or -9.6%. RCA Rep. index average score. Of Korea before the COVID-19 pandemic was 29.63 while after the COVID-19 pandemic it was 34.82. The average RCA index value for the seaweed commodity to Chile before the COVID-19 pandemic was 385.27 while after the COVID-19 pandemic was 205.97. Based on the results of the Chi-Square analysis, it can be said that statistically there is no influence between the COVID-19 pandemic and the competitiveness of Indonesian seaweed exports to China and the Republic of Indonesia. of Korea, while in Chile the COVID-19 pandemic had quite a visible impact. In China, the COVID-19 pandemic only had an impact of 0.857x and in Rep. of Korea is only 0.625x. The COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the competitiveness of Indonesia's seaweed commodity exports to Chile with a contribution of 2.3x so that the impact was quite significant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080303 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.3 Other extractive industries > 338.37 Products > 338.372 Products of fishing, whaling, hunting, trapping > 338.372 7 Products of fishing, whaling, hunting, trapping (Fishing) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Agrobisnis Perikanan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Nov 2023 06:47 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Nov 2023 06:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/204642 |
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