Sugiharta, Andreas and Dr. Ir. Mohamad Fadjar,, M.Sc. and Dr. Ir. Hardoko,, MS (2023) Penggunaan Ekstrak Daun Purik (Mitragyna speciosa) Terhadap Profil Hematologi dan Histopatologi Hepatopankreas Udang Vanname (Litopenaeus Vannamei) yang Diinfeksi Bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penyakit yang sering menginfeksi udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) khususnya pada budidaya intensif adalah penyakit bakterial vibriosis yang berasal dari bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Penggunaan bahan herbal menjadi alternatif untuk pengobatan vibriosis karena penggunaan antibiotik memiliki dampak negatif. Bahan herbal yang digunakan sebagai antibakteri adalah daun purik (Mitragyna speciosa) yang diekstrak menggunakan pelarut metanol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan senyawa daun purik, menentukan potensi antibakteri dan menentukan dosis terbaik ekstrak daun purik yang digunakan untuk pengobatan udang vaname yang diinfeksi bakteri V. parahaemolyticus melalui gambaran profil hematologi dan histopatologi hepatopankreas. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2022 – Maret 2023 di Lab. Budidaya Ikan Divisi Penyakit dan Kesehatan Ikan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan Universitas Brawijaya Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dan terbagi menjadi 2 tahapan. Penelitian tahap pertama meliputi ekstraksi, identifikasi senyawa dan analisis potensi antibakteri pada daun purik terhadap V. parahaemolyticus. (uji fitokimia, GC-MS, uji In silico, uji cakram, uji MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) dan MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration)). Tahap kedua, meliputi pengaplikasian ekstrak daun purik yang bersifat antibakteri pada udang vaname yang diinfeksi V. parahaemolyticus pada skala laboratorium (uji patogenitas bakteri V. parahaemolyticus, uji toksisitas ekstrak daun purik, pengamatan hematologi (total hemosit dan diferrensial hemosit), pengamatan histopatologi hepatopankreas, pengamatan gejala klinis, dan kualitas air). Analisis data menggunakan aplikasi software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0. Hasil penelitian tahap pertama, hasil fitokimia ekstrak daun purik mengandung flavonoid, alkaloid, tannin, dan triterpenoid. Hasil uji GC-MS didapatkan ekstrak daun purik memiliki lima senyawa dengan kelimpahan terbesar yaitu Quinic acid, Mitragynine, Undecanoic acid, Linolenic acid, dan 4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-diphenyl-1H-indole. Hasil kajian antibakteri melalui analisis in silico ekstrak daun purik memiliki aktifitas antibakteri dan layak untuk dijadikan bahan obat dalam infeksi V. parahaemolyticus. Hasil uji MIC mendapatkan konsentrasi 49,7 mg/L dan MBC 198,8 mg/L. Hasil penelitian tahap kedua, uji patogenitas (LD50) bakteri V. parahaemolyticus didapatkan kepadatan sebesar 2,02 x 106 CFU/ml dan uji toksisitas (LC50) ekstrak daun purik pada konsentrasi 445,62 mg/L. Hasil analisis penggunaan ekstrak daun purik terhadap profil hematologi dan histopatologi udang vanname (L. vannamei) mendapatkan hasil bahwa ekstrak daun purik dengan dosis sebesar 250 mg/L merupakan konsentrasi terbaik untuk mengobati udang vaname yang terinfeksi V. parahaemolyticus.
English Abstract
A disease that often infects vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), especially in intensive cultivation, is vibriosis disease from Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria. The use of herbal ingredients is an alternative for the treatment of vibriosis because the use of antibiotics has a negative impact. The herbal ingredients used as antibacterials are purik leaves (Mitragyna speciosa) which are extracted using methanol solvent. The purpose of this study was to determine purik leaf compounds, determine antibacterial potential and determine the best dose of purik leaf extract to be used for the treatment of vannamei shrimp infected with V. parahaemolyticus bacteria through the hematological and hepatopancreas histopathology profile. This research was conducted in February 2022 - March 2023 in the Lab. Fish Cultivation Division of Disease and Health of Fish, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, University of Brawijaya Malang. This study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD) and was divided into 2 stages. The first phase of the research involved extraction, identification of compounds and analysis of the antibacterial potential of purik leaves against V. parahaemolyticus. (phytochemical test, GC-MS, In silico test, disc test, MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MBC (Minimum Bactericidal Concentration) test). The second stage involved the application of purik leaf extract which has antibacterial properties to vannamei shrimp infected with V. parahaemolyticus on a laboratory scale (pathological test of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria, toxicity test of purik leaf extract, hematological observation (total hemocytes and differential haemocytes), observation of hepatopancreatic histopathology, observation of clinical symptoms, and water quality). Data analysis used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25.0 software application. The results of the first phase of the study, the results of purik leaf extract phytochemicals contain flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and triterpenoids. The results of the GC-MS test showed that purik leaf extract had five compounds with the greatest abundance, namely Quinic acid, Mitragynine, Undecanoic acid, Linolenic acid, and 4,6-dimethoxy-2,3-diphenyl-1H-indole. The results of the antibacterial study through in silico analysis of purik leaf extract have antibacterial activity and are suitable to be used as medicinal ingredients in V. parahaemolyticus infection. MIC test results obtained a concentration of 49.7 mg/L and MBC 198.8 mg/L. The results of the second phase of the study, the pathogenicity test (LD50) of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria obtained a density of 2.02 x 106 CFU/ml and the toxicity test (LC50) of purik leaf extract at a concentration of 445.62 mg/L. The results of the analysis using purik leaf extract on the hematological and histopathological profiles of vannamei shrimp showed that purik leaf extract at a dose of 250 mg/L was the best concentration for treating vannamei shrimp infected with V. parahaemolyticus.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0423080013 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Nov 2023 06:47 |
| Last Modified: | 28 Nov 2023 06:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/204637 |
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