Rahman, Rudi (2017) Face Threatening Acts On Illocutionary Utterances In The 2016 Third Usa Presidential Debate. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
FTAs merupakan tindak mengancam seseorang dengan melakukan hal yang sebaliknya. FTAs di bagi menjadi dua, positif dan negatif; positif ialah pembicara atau pendengar tidak peduli tentang perasaan dan keinginan bahkan kepunyaan seseorang. Negatif ialah orang yang ingin atau tidak ingin menghalangi kebebasan tindak seseorang. Sejak FTAs terdapat dalam ucapan dan ucapan bisa di analisa melalui teks, itu merupakan topik yang menarik untuk objek penelitian. Salah satu bagian pragmatik yang didalamnya terdapat ucapan ilokusi yang bisa dianalisis adalah speech acts. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini hadir untuk menyelidiki FTAs yang terdapat pada ucapan ilokusi dalam debat Presiden USA 2016. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori deskriptip kualitatif dan analisa dokumen. Sumber data dalam penelitian ini berupa teks debat Presiden USA 2016, adapun data dalam penelitian ini adalah ucapan ilokusi yang mengandung FTAs. Data di pilih berdasarkan lima jenis ucapan ilokusi, kemudain di analisa berdasarkan teori FTAs. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa ucapan ilokusi yang paling banyak mengandung tindak FTAs adalah; ucapan ilokusi ekspresif sebanyak 40.62%, ucapan ilokusi direktif sebanyak 20.83%, ucapan ilokusi asertif sebanyak 17.70%, ucapan ilokusi komusif sebanyak 16.66% dan ucapan ilokusi deklaratif sebanyak 4.16%. Adapun type FTAs yang paling banyak digunakan oleh pendebat adalah pembicara negative sebanyak 33 kali, pendengar positive sebanyak 32, pendengar negative sebanyak 21, dan pembicara positf sebanyak 10 kali Penelitian ini juga menunjukan bahwa pembicara muka positif tidak selalu mengancam pendengar muka positif dan muka negative dan sebaliknya. Adapun pendengar muka positif tidak selalu mengancam pendengar muka positif dan sebaliknya. Selanjutnya, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pendebat lebih mengacu kepada tindak menjatuhkan lawan mengunakan jenis ucapan ilokusi antara lain; melecehkan 8 kali, menuduh 5 kali, menyalahkan 4 kali, berjanji 3 kali, berikrar 3 kali, menyatakan 3 kali, menyuruh 2 kali, bertanya 2 kali, dan deklarasi, menamai, melapor, mengakui, menyarankan, melarang, bertrimakasih, menghargai, dan menyangkal masing – masing 1 kali. Temuan akhir penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ada pergeseran budaya dalam budaya debat presiden Amerika, para pendebat lebih menyerang kepribadian musuh mereka daripada program masa depan.
English Abstract
Face Threatening Acts (FTAs) is an act that damages the interlocutors’ desire by doing contrary of other people act’s desire. FTAs are divided into positive and negative: positive means speaker or hearer does not care about interlocutors feeling and wants or they do not care about other’s face, while negative means people who want to avoid or do not intend to avoid an action freedom of interlocutors. Since FTAs appear in utterances and utterances can be analyzed throughout the text, it becomes an interesting topic to be analyzed. Speech acts is a part of pragmatics in which illocutionary act is one of the subject inside that can be analyzed. Due to the reason, this research comes to investigate the FTAs on illocutionary utterances in the third USA presidential debate. Descriptive qualitative research approach and document analysis were applied in this research. The data source of this research is the text of the 2016 third USA presidential debate, and the data in this research are illocutionary utterances conataining FTAs. The data were selected based on five types of illocutionary utterances and then the data were analyzed based on the theory of FTAs. The result of this research indicates that most of the illocutionary utterances that contains FTAs are; expressive illocutionary utterances 40.62% FTAs, directive illocutionary utterances 20.83% FTAs, Assertive illocutionary utterances 17.70% FTAs, commisives illocutionary utterances 16.66% FTAs, and declarative illocutionary utterances 4.16% FTAs. Yet, the most frequently used type of FTAs is speaker negative face the number is 33 times, hearer positive face the number is 32 times, hearer negative face the number is 21 times, and speaker positive face the number is 10 times. This research also shows that speaker positive face does not always threaten hearer positive and hearer negative face and vice versa. Moreover, hearer positive face does not always threaten speaker positive and speaker negative face and vice versa. Furthermore, this research indicates that the debaters tend to impose their opponent by using the genres of illocutionary utterances such as insulting 8 times, accusing 5 times, blaming 4 times, promising 3 times, pledges 3 times, stating 3 times, commanding 2 times, questioning 2 times, and then declaring, naming, reporting, claiming, suggesting, prohibiting, thanking, praising, and disagreeing each of them is 1 times. The last finding of this research is that there are cultural shifts in the culture of American presidential debate, the debaters more concern on the personalities of their opponents and attrack their future program.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/401.452/RAH/f/2017/041707340 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | SPEECH ACTS (linguistics), PRAGMATICS, DEBATES AND DEBATING IN LITERATURE, AMERICA |
| Subjects: | 400 Language > 401 Philosophy and theory; international languages > 401.4 Communication; semantics, pragmatics, languages for special purposes > 401.45 Pragmatics > 401.452 Speech acts |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Linguistik Terapan, Fakultas Ilmu Budaya |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Sep 2017 07:44 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Dec 2020 00:02 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/2046 |
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2. THESIS RUDI BAB I.pdf Restricted to Repository staff only Download (201kB) |
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