Estimasi Stok Karbon Atas Permukaan pada Mangrove Menggunakan Citra Sentinel-1A dan Sentinel-2A di Kawasan Mangrove Hijau Daun, Pulau Bawean

Umam, Ahmad Faiq Fashihul and M. Arif As`adi,, S.Kel, M.Sc and Seftiawan Samsu Rijal,, S.Si., M.Sc (2023) Estimasi Stok Karbon Atas Permukaan pada Mangrove Menggunakan Citra Sentinel-1A dan Sentinel-2A di Kawasan Mangrove Hijau Daun, Pulau Bawean. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Karbon dioksida (CO2) merupakan gas rumah kaca yang memerangkap panas di atmosfer yang menyebabkan suhu bumi semakin panas. Meningkatnya gas rumah kaca yang melebihi batas toleransi dapat mengancam keberlanjutan sistem kehidupan dengan perubahan iklim di bumi (Murdiyarso & Ambo-Rappe, 2022). Perubahan iklim tersebut di sebabkan oleh kenaikan gas karbon dioksida (CO2). Salah satu ekosistem yang berguna menanggulangi perubahan iklim yaitu ekosistem pesisir seperti mangrove dan lamun (Purnamasari et al., 2021). Karbon yang tersimpan dalam ekosistem vegetasi mangrove, lamun dan salt marshes disebut sebagai ‘blue carbon’ (Alongi et al., 2016). Mangrove sangat berpotensi untuk menyimpan stok karbon sehingga dapat mengurangi emisi gas CO2. Penginderaan jauh sangatlah berguna dan efektif dalam memantau perubahan tutupan serta stok karbon hutan mangrove sehingga dapat diketahui perubahan tutupan dan dapat diukur estimasi stok karbon mangrove berdasarkan kenampakan citra satelit (Cahyo et al., 2022). Pengambilan data penelitian dilakukan pada tanggal 31 Maret-4 April 2023 di Kawasan Mangrove Hijau Daun, Pulau Bawean. Beberapa data yang diambil diantaranya yaitu Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) pohon dan identifikasi spesies mangrove. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data lapang yaitu stratified random sampling sebanyak 33 plot dengan ukuran 10x10 m. Dilakukan penentuan titik menggunakan kriteria kerapatan NDVI. Pengukuran DBH dilakukan sesuai dengan pedoman English et al., (1997). Sedangkan, identifikasi berdasarkan Noor et al., (2006). Pengukuran biomassa dilakukan menggunakan persamaan allometrik dari masing-masing spesies. Estimasi stok karbon dihitung sesuai dengan pedoman Badan Standardisasi Nasional, (2011). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan sepuluh spesies mangrove sejati dalam plot penelitian dengan jumlah total sebanyak 806 tegakan. Rata-rata dari total keseluruhan biomassa dan stok karbon pada lokasi penelitian didapatkan hasil 213.51±166.49 MgB ha-1 dan 100.35±78.25 MgC ha-1 secara berurutan. Rentang nilai stok karbon mulai dari 9.63 MgC ha-1 hingga 294.7 MgC ha-1. Hasil dari uji normalitas data yaitu 0.144 yang menandakan data normal dan didapatkan persamaan regresi model tiga dengan persamaan y = - 498.016 + 632.140(NDI45) - 20.344(VV) - 16.975(VH). Persamaan tersebut mendapatkan hasil R2 sebesar 0.769 dan r sebesar 0.877. Hasil persamaan tersebut dilakukan pemodelan sehingga menghasilkan peta estimasi stok karbon dengan rentang 4.08 MgC ha-1 hingga 329.69 MgC ha-1 dengan rata-rata total keseluruhan stok karbon mencapai 101.59±58.90 MgC ha-1. Hasil dari nilai uji akurasi data lapang dengan peta estimasi stok karbon didapatkan hasil sebesar 6.27 MgC ha-1. Penelitian stok karbon mangrove ini masih tergolong dalam rentang minimal cadangan karbon tingkat nasional pada tipe hutan mangrove sekunder. Oleh karena itu diperlukan rehabilitasi dan pengawasan lebih lanjut terhadap Hutan Mangrove Hijau Daun sebagai cadangan stok karbon pada Pulau Bawean.

English Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere, causing the Earth's temperature to rise. The increasing greenhouse gas emissions that exceed tolerance limits can threaten the sustainability of the life system with climate change on Earth (Murdiyarso & Ambo-Rappe, 2022). Climate change is caused by the increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) gas. One useful ecosystem in mitigating climate change is the coastal ecosystem such as mangroves and seagrasses (Purnamasari et al., 2021). Carbon stored in vegetation ecosystems such as mangroves, seagrasses, and salt marshes is called 'blue carbon' (Alongi et al., 2016). Mangroves are highly potential in storing carbon stocks, thus reducing CO2 gas emissions. Remote sensing is very useful and effective in monitoring changes in mangrove forest cover and carbon stock, so that changes in canopy cover can be determined and carbon stock estimates can be measured based on satellite image appearances (Cahyo et al., 2022). The research data collection was conducted on March 31-April 4, 2023 in the Mangrove Hijau Daun Area, Bawean Island. Some of the data collected included the Diameter at Breast Height (DBH) of trees and the identification of mangrove species. The method used in field data collection was stratified random sampling with 33 plots measuring 10x10 m. The point determination was carried out using NDVI density criteria. DBH measurements were carried out in accordance with the guidelines of English et al. (1997). Meanwhile, identification was based on Noor et al. (2006). Biomass measurements were made using allometric equations for each species. Carbon stock estimates were calculated in accordance with the guidelines of the National Standardization Agency (2011). Based on the research results, ten true mangrove species were found in the study plot with a total of 806 stands. The average of the total biomass and carbon stock at the research location resulted in 213,51±166,489 MgB ha-1 and 100,35±78,25 MgC ha-1, respectively. The range of carbon stock values ranged from 9,63 MgC ha-1 to 294,7 MgC ha-1. The result of the normality test of the data was 0.144, indicating normal data, and a three-regression model equation was obtained with the equation y = - 498.016 + 632.140(NDI45) - 20.344(VV) - 16.975(VH). The equation resulted in an R2 value of 0.769 and an r value of 0.877. The equation results were modeled to produce a carbon stock estimation map with a range of 4,083 MgC ha-1 to 329,697 MgC ha-1, with an average total carbon stock of 101,595±58,905 MgC ha-1. The result of the accuracy test of field data with the carbon stock estimation map was 6,268 MgC ha-1. This mangrove carbon stock research is still within the minimal range of national carbon reserves for secondary mangrove forest types. Therefore, further rehabilitation and monitoring of the Mangrove Hijau Daun Forest as a carbon stock reserve on Bawean Island is needed.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523080272
Subjects:	500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan
Depositing User:	Sugeng Moelyono
Date Deposited:	17 Nov 2023 06:23
Last Modified:	17 Nov 2023 06:23
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/204534

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