Perbandingan Penagruh antara Pupuk Organomineral dan Pupuk Anorganik terhadap Sifat Fisik Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) pada Inceptisol.

Syah, Noverlin and Prof. Dr. Ir. Zaenal Kusuma,, SU (2023) Perbandingan Penagruh antara Pupuk Organomineral dan Pupuk Anorganik terhadap Sifat Fisik Tanah dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) pada Inceptisol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Lahan pertanian di Indonesia banyak didominasi oleh tanah Inceptisol. Jenis tanah ini merupakan salah satu jenis tanah yang ditemukan pada lokasi penelitian. Salah satu permasalahan pada tanah Inceptisol adalah kandungan bahan organik yang rendah. Penggunaan tanah Inceptisol di daerah Kota Batu didominasi dengan lahan sawah dan lahan kering. Kegiatan pertanian pada lahan tersebut dilakukan secara konvensional, dimana petani menggunakan pupuk anorganik untuk meningkatkan unsur hara dalam tanah tanpa menambahkan bahan organik. Hal ini jika dibiarkan dalam jangka panjang akan mempercepat terjadinya kerusakan tanah yang diindikasikan dengan penurunan kandungan bahan organik dan degradasi sifat fisik tanah. Kandungan bahan organik tanah yang rendah akan menyebabkan agregat tanah menjadi lebih mudah hancur saat terkena pukulan air hujan sehingga tanah menjadi rentan mengalami pemadatan serta erosi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis perbandingan pengaruh yang diberikan dua jenis pupuk berbeda, yaitu pupuk organomineral dan pupuk anorganik dengan berbagai macam taraf dosis terhadap sifat fisik tanah (berat isi, porositas, kemantapan agregat, dan kadar air tersedia tanah) dan pertumbuhan tanaman stevia. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari awal persiapan lahan hingga panen yang berlokasi di Kelurahan Dadaprejo, Kecamatan Junrejo, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non faktorial dengan tiga kali ulangan. Terdapat 9 taraf dosis perlakuan yang diujikan, yaitu P0 (kontrol), P1 (organomineral 600 kg/ha), P2 (organomineral 1200 kg/ha), P3 (organomineral 1800 kg/ha), P4 (organomineral 2400 kg/ha), P5 (NPK 50 kg/ha + Urea 50 Kg/ha), P6 (NPK 100 kg/ha + Urea 100 Kg/ha), P7 (NPK 150 kg/ha + Urea 150 Kg/ha), dan P8 (NPK 200 kg/ha + Urea 200 Kg/ha). Parameter yang diamati adalah berat isi tanah, porositas, kemantapan agregat, kandungan air tersedia, tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot segar daun, dan bobot kering daun tanaman stevia. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) taraf 5% dan apabila perlakuan berpengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT taraf 5%. Analisis korelasi menggunakan rumus pearson. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi beberapa dosis pupuk organomineral berpengaruh nyata terhadap berat isi tanah, porositas, dan kadar air tersedia dengan persentase secara berturut-turut 9,70%; 9,22%; dan 8,06%. Namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kemantapan agregat. Pemberian beberapa dosis pupuk organomineral dan pupuk anorganik berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot segar daun stevia, dan bobot kering daun stevia. Perlakuan P3 dengan dosis 1800 kg/ha sudah cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan unsur hara pada tanaman stevia dan memberikan hasil yang setara dengan pupuk anorganik. Pupuk organomineral perlakuan P3 mampu memberikan peningkatan hasil bobot segar dan bobot kering daun secara berturut-turut sebesar 21,21% dan 16,36% dibandingkan dengan pupuk anorganik (P8). Hasil korelasi sifat fisik tanah terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman stevia menunjukkan hubungan mulai dari sangat rendah (r = 0,16) hingga sedang (r = 0,59).

English Abstract

Most of the agricultural land in Indonesia is dominated by Inceptisols soil. This soil type is one of the soil types found at the research location. One of the problems in Inceptisols is the low availability of organic matter. The use of Inceptisols in the Batu City area is dominated by paddy fields and dry land. Agricultural activities on these lands tend to be carried out conventionally. Where farmers use inorganic fertilizers to increase nutrients in the soil without adding organic matter. This, if left in the long term, will accelerate the occurrence of soil damage as indicated by a decrease in organic matter content and degradation of soil physical properties. Low soil organic matter content will cause soil aggregates to be more easily destroyed when hit by rainwater, so that the soil becomes vulnerable to compaction and erosion. This study analyzed the comparison of the effects of two different types of fertilizers, namely organomineral fertilizers and inorganic fertilizers with various dosage levels on the physical properties of the soil (density, porosity, aggregate stability, and available water content) and to the growth of stevia plants. The research was carried out from the beginning of land preparation to harvest which was located in Dadaprejo Village, Junrejo District, Batu City, East Java. The research design used was a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. There were 9 treatment dose levels tested P0 (control), P1 (organomineral 600 kg/ha), P2 (organomineral 1200 kg/ha), P3 (organomineral 1800 kg/ha), P4 (organomineral 2400 kg/ha), P5 (NPK 50 kg/ha + Urea 50 Kg/ha), P6 (NPK 100 kg/ha + Urea 100 Kg/ha), P7 (NPK 150 kg/ha + Urea 150 Kg/ha), and P8 (NPK 200 kg/ha) ha + Urea 200 Kg/ha). Parameters observed were bulk density, soil porosity, aggregate stability, available water content, plant height, number of leaves, leaf fresh weight, and leaf dry weight of stevia plants. Observational data obtained by analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% level and if the treatment hand a significant effect, then it was continued with a DMRT test at 5% level. Correlation analysis were obtained with pearsons formula. The results showed that the application of several doses of organomineral fertilizers was able to have a significant effect on bulk density, soil porosity, and available water content with percentage respectively 9,70%; 9,22%; and 8,06%. But had not been able to have a significant effect on soil aggregate stability. Administration of several doses of organomineral and inorganic fertilizers was able to have a significant effect on plant height, number of leaves, fresh weight and dry weight of stevia leaves. P3 treatment with dose of 1800 kg/ha organomineral is sufficient to meet the nutrient needs of the stevia plant. Organomineral treatment (P3) is able to provide an increase in fresh weight dan dry weight of leaves respectively by 12,21% and 16,36% compared to inorganic fertilizer. The correlation results of soil physical properties on stevia plant growth showed relationship raging from very low (r = 0,16) to moderate (r = 0,59).

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523040282
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science
Divisions:	Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	27 Sep 2023 01:09
Last Modified:	27 Sep 2023 01:09
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/203301

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Noverlin Syah.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB)

Actions (login required)

View Item