Analisis Karakteristik Biofisik dan Sosial untuk Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove Pulau Lewean Desa Pangkahkulon Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur

Khabibah, Siti Nur and Dhira Khurniawan Saputra,, S.Kel., M.Sc and Defri Yona,, S.Pi, M.Sc.stud., D.Sc (2023) Analisis Karakteristik Biofisik dan Sosial untuk Pengembangan Ekowisata Mangrove Pulau Lewean Desa Pangkahkulon Kecamatan Ujung Pangkah Kabupaten Gresik, Jawa Timur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Ekosistem mangrove sebagai salah satu penyedia jasa ekowisata menyuguhkan keindahan panorama alam dan keberagaman biota dinilai belum dikelola secara optimal dan lestari. Mangrove Pulau Lewean, Gresik menjadi bagian dari sebagai Kawasan Ekosistem Esensial (KEE) menurut SK Gubernur Jawa Timur Nomor: 188/309/KPTS/013/2020, yang berarti kawasan mangrove tersebut bernilai penting dan menjadi habitat bagi burung pantai migran Asia Timur-Australasia (East Asia–Australasia Flyway) serta sebagai keterwakilan lahan basah yang keberadaannya perlu dilindungi. Potensi kawasan Mangrove Pulau Lewean belum diimbangi dengan terbentuknya ekowisata, sehingga diperlukan pengkajian terkait potensi biofisik maupun sosial untuk mengetahui tingkat kesesuaian wisata kawasan dan strategi pengembangannya. Metode yang digunakan adalah pengambilan data biofisik meliputi struktur komunitas mangrove (terdiri dari ragam jenis, kerapatan, ketebalan dan kesehatan mangrove), biota asosiasi serta pasang surut kawasan yang kemudian dilakukan analisis kesesuaian wisata. Pengambilan data sosial dilakukan melalui wawancara bersama stakeholder dan observasi lapang yang kemudian dilakukan identifikasi menggunakan komponen 4A (Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, dan Ancillary Services) serta melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Hasil analisis kesesuaian wisata, identifikasi 4A dan FGD tersebut digunakan sebagai dasar pembuatan strategi pengembangan ekowisata melalui analisis Strenght, Weakness, Opportunity, dan Threat (SWOT) dan analisis kondisi pengembangan kawasan Mangrove Pulau Lewean menggunakan matriks faktor internal (matriks IFE), matriks faktor eksternal (matriks EFE), dan Matriks internal eksternal (IE). Berdasarkan pengukuran biofisik Mangrove Pulau Lewean yang dianalisis menggunakan indeks kesesuaian wisata, didapatkan nilai sebesar 85% yang menunjukkan kawasan termasuk dalam kategori S1 atau sangat sesuai untuk dijadikan ekowisata. Berdasarkan identifikasi 4A dan hasil FGD diketahui bahwa kawasan memiliki atraksi yang dapat dikembangkan namun belum memenuhi fasilitas minimum berdirinya ekowisata ditambah dengan akses menuju kawasan yang sulit, kurangnya sumber daya manusia, dan minimnya program pengembangan kawasan. Analisis kondisi pengembangan kawasan dilakukan melalui Matriks IE yang didasarkan pada nilai Matriks IFE sebesar 3.13 dan Matriks EFE sebesar 2.96, dimana kedua nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa kondisi pengembangan kawasan berada pada Kuadran II atau kondisi tumbuh dan membangun. Strategi pengembangan yang perlu dilakukan adalah pengadaan pelatihan untuk meningkatkan ketrampilan sumber daya manusia, perbaikan sarana dan prasarana, pembuatan program pengembangan kawasan menjadi ekowisata berkelanjutan dengan integrasi antar stakeholder serta melakukan promosi yang terstruktur untuk membangun awareness.

English Abstract

As one of the providers of ecotourism services, mangrove ecosystem offers the beauty of natural landscapes and biodiversity but is deemed not optimally and sustainably managed. Mangrove Pulau Lewean, Gresik, has been designated as part of the Essential Ecosystem Area (KEE) according to East Java Governor's Decree Number: 188/309/KPTS/013/2020, signifying its importance as a habitat for migratory shorebirds of the East Asia-Australasia Flyway and as a representation of wetlands that require protection. However, the potential of Mangrove Pulau Lewean has not been complemented by the establishment of ecotourism, hence necessitating an assessment of the bio-physical and social potentials to determine the level of suitability of the area for tourism and its development strategies. The method used involves collecting bio-physical data, including the structure of the mangrove community (comprising various species, density, thickness, and health of mangroves), associated biota, and the tidal patterns of the area, followed by tourism suitability analysis. Social data is obtained through interviews with stakeholders and field observations, which are then identified using the 4A components (Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, and Ancillary Services) and through Focus Group Discussions (FGD). The results of the tourism suitability analysis, 4A identification, and FGD are used as the basis for developing ecotourism strategies through Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) analysis, as well as an analysis of the development conditions in Mangrove Pulau Lewean using the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix, External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix, and Internal-External (IE) Matrix. Based on the bio-physical measurements of Mangrove Pulau Lewean analyzed using the tourism suitability index, a value of 85% was obtained, indicating that the area falls into the S1 category or is highly suitable for ecotourism. Based on the 4A identification and FGD results, it is known that the area has attractions that can be developed. However, it does not yet meet the minimum facilities required for the establishment of ecotourism. Additionally, there are challenges in accessing the area, a lack of human resources, and a scarcity of area development programs. The analysis of the development conditions in the area through the IE Matrix shows that the internal factors (IFE Matrix) have a value of 3.13, and the external factors (EFE Matrix) have a value of 2.96. Based on these values, it is determined that the development conditions of the area fall into Quadrant II, indicating a growing and developing condition. The necessary development strategy includes providing training to enhance the skills of human resources, improving infrastructure, creating programs for transforming the area into sustainable ecotourism with stakeholder integration, and implementing structured promotional efforts to raise awareness.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0523080232
Subjects:	500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan
Depositing User:	Sugeng Moelyono
Date Deposited:	19 Sep 2023 03:02
Last Modified:	19 Sep 2023 03:02
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/203034

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) Siti Nur Khabibah.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (3MB)

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