Ananda, Novi Juniar and Prof. Dr. Ir. Maftuch,, M.Si and Ir. Heny Suprastyani,, M.S (2023) Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Kasar Daun Sirih (Piper betle) terhadap Bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus secara In Vitro. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Indonesia merupakan negara yang memiliki potensi lahan perikanan yang cukup luas dan pesat perkembangannya. Seiring berkembangnya usaha budidaya, banyak tantangan yang menyebabkan kegagalan sehingga memicu penurunan hasil produksi. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan budidaya adalah penyakit karena bakteri terutama bakteri V. parahaemolyticus yang dapat menyebabkan organisme budidaya stres dan kematian massal. Pananggulangan penyakit karena bakteri V. parahaemolyticus dapat menggunakan antibiotik, namun penggunaan antibiotik dalam jangka panjang dapat berdampak negatif terhadap organisme budidaya maupun lingkungan perairan. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengurangi permasalahan tersebut adalah penggunaan bahan alami berupa daun sirih (P. betle). Daun sirih mengandung beberapa senyawa aktif diantaranya flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid dan tannin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle) terhadap bakteri V. parahaemolyticus serta morfologi sel bakteri sebelum dan sesudah pemberian ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Penyakit dan Kesehatan Ikan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang pada bulan Desember 2022-Januari 2023. Metode yang digunakan yakni metode eksperimental. Rancagan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 5 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Dosis perlakuan ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle) yaitu A (100 ppm), B (125 ppm), C (150 ppm), D (175 ppm) dan E (200 ppm). Sedangkan, dosis yang digunakan untuk uji SEM (Scanning Electron Mickroscope) adalah 200 ppm. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle) berpengaruh terhadap bakteri V. parahaemolyticus. Data hasil uji MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) diperoleh dosis minimum ekstrak dalam menghambat adalah 100 ppm. Hasil uji cakram diperoleh nilai rerata diameter zona bening yakni pada perlakuan A (7,35 mm), B (8,08), C (8,31), D (8,63), dan E (9,03). Bentuk hubungan antara dosis ekstrak dengan diameter zona hambat yakni linier dengan persamaan y = 0,0157x + 5,93 dan koefisien R2 sebesar 0,88. Hasil uji SEM, ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle) mampu merusak morfologi sel bakteri V. parahaemolyticus. Berdasarkan data hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle) berpengaruh terhadap bakteri V. parahemolyticus dengan dosis terbaik yang digunakan yakni 200 ppm. Ekstrak kasar daun sirih bersifat bakteriostatik pada pengamatan 48 jam. Ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle) mampu merusak morfologi sel bakteri V. parahaemolyticus setelah diamati menggunakan uji SEM.
English Abstract
Indonesia is a country that has the potential for fishery land which is quite extensive and rapidly developing. As the cultivation business develops, there are many challenges that lead to failures that trigger a decrease in production yields. One of the factors that influence the success of cultivation is disease caused by bacteria, especially V. parahaemolyticus bacteria which can cause stress and mass death of cultivated organisms. Disease control due to V. parahaemolyticus bacteria can use antibiotics, but the use of antibiotics in the long term can have a negative impact on aquaculture organisms and the aquatic environment. One alternative to reduce this problem is the use of natural ingredients in the form of betel leaf (P. betle). Betel leaf contains several active compounds including flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids and tannins. This study aims to determine the effect of betel crude leaf extract (P. betle) on V. parahaemolyticus bacteria and the morphology of bacterial cells before and after giving of betel crude leaf extract (P. betle). This research was conducted at the Fish Disease and Health Laboratory, Brawijaya University, Malang in December 2022-January 2023. The method used was the experimental method. The research design used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment doses of betel crude leaf extract (P. betle) were A (100 ppm), B (125 ppm), C (150 ppm), D (175 ppm) and E (200 ppm). Meanwhile, the dose used for the SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) test is 200 ppm. The results of this study indicated that betel crude leaf extract (P. betle) had an effect on V. parahaemolyticus bacteria. Data from the MIC (Minimum Inhibition Concentration) test results obtained that the minimum inhibiting dose of the extract was 100 ppm. The results of the disc test obtained the mean value of the diameter of the clear zone in treatment A (7,35 mm), B (8,08), C (8,31), D (8,63), and E (9,03). The form of the relationship between the extract dose and the diameter of the inhibition zone is linear with the equation y = 0,0157x + 5,93 and the R2 coefficient of 0,88. SEM test results, betel leaf extract (P. betle) was able to damage the cell morphology of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria. Based on the research data, it can be concluded that betel crude leaf (P. betle) extract has an effect on V. parahemolyticus bacteria with the best dose used, namely 200 ppm. Betel crude leaf extract is bacteriostatic at 48 hours of observation. Betel crude leaf extract (P. betle) was able to damage the cell morphology of V. parahaemolyticus bacteria after being observed using the SEM test.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080182 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | parahaemolyticus, Ekstrak kasar daun sirih (P. betle), Antibakteri, In Vitro,V. parahaemolyticus, Betel crude leaf extract (P. betle), antibacterial, In Vitro. |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Budidaya Perairan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Sep 2023 02:32 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Sep 2023 02:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202924 |
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