Pristasari, Dian Nisa and Prof. Dr. Ir. Eddy Suprayitno,, M.S (2023) Karakterisasi Peptida Hidrolisat Kolagen Kulit Ikan Gabus (Channa striata) sebagai Anti-kolesterol. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kolesterol merupakan senyawa lemak yang sejatinya dibutuhkan oleh tubuh. Namun, apabila kadar kolesterol di dalam tubuh melebihi batas wajar hal tersebut dapat menyebabkan penumpukan kolesterol di dalam dinding arteri. Fenemona tersebut biasa dikenal dengan penyakit kolesterol. Hingga saat ini penyakit kolesterol masih menjadi penyakit yang banyak menelan korban. Kolesterol umumnya disebabkan oleh meningkatnya kadar LDL dalam darah. LDL dalam darah tersebut dihasilkan dari proses biosintesis kolesterol yang mengubah asetil koa dan asetoasetil-koa menjadi kolesterol (LDL). Enzim HMG-CoA reduktase mengambil peranan penting dalam proses biosintesis kolesterol dalam tubuh. Enzim HMG-CoA reduktase akan mengubah senyawa HMG-CoA menjadi mevalonate yang selanjutnya akan diubah menjadi kolesterol. Lazimnya, penderita penyakit kolesterol dianjurkan untuk mengonsumsi obat golongan statin untuk membantu menurunkan kadar kolesterol di dalam tubuh. Namun, seiring berjalannya waktu tentunya obat golongan statin tersebut dapat menyebabkan efek samping bagi penderita kolesterol. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan alternatif lain dalam menurunkan kadar kolesterol yang ada di dalam tubuh. Hidrolisat kolagen diketahui mengandung peptida bioaktif yang dapat berperan sebagai inhibitor enzim HMG-CoA reduktase. Salah satu hidrolisat kolagen yang berpotensi sebagai inhibitor enzim HMG-CoA reduktase adalah hidrolisat kolagen yang berasal dari kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata). Metode peneltian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif yang terdiri atas dua tahap penelitian. Tahap penelitian pertama bertujuan untuk menghasilkan hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) yang dihidrolisis menggunakan enzim protease daun biduri tua (Calotropis gigantea). Tahap penelitian kedua bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) dengan melakukan beberapa pengujian, antara lain derajat hidrolisis, pH, kadar protein, profil asam amino, berat molekul dan aktivitas antioksidan yang digunakan untuk mengetahui sifat anti-kolesterol dari hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata). Dari hasil penelitian tahap pertama didapatkan hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) dengan karakteristik fisik berwarna bening dan sedikit kental. Pada penelitian tahap kedua didapatkan karakteristik kimia dari hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus (Channa striata) yang memiliki rendemen sebesar 6% dan derajat hidrolisis sebesar 18,79%, meskipun tergolong rendah namun proses hidrolisis dan proses pemutusan ikatan peptida tetap terjadi. Disamping itu didapatkan berat molekul sebesar 21,6 kDa – 238,6 kDa yang menandakan bahwa proses hidrolisis terjadi secara tidak rata. Aktivitas antioksidan hidrolisat kolagen kulit ikan gabus terdeteksi sebesar 31,211 ppm, serta mengandung 17 asam amino yang terdiri atas Asp-Glu-Ser-Gly-His-Arg-Thr-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Val-Met-Cys-Ile-Leu-Phe-Lys. Dari hasil asam amino tersebut diketahui bahwa terdapat asam amino arginin, glisin, prolin, dan valin yang dapat berpotensi sebagai asam amino anti-kolesterol.
English Abstract
Cholesterol is a fat compound that is actually needed by the body. However, if the cholesterol level in the body exceeds reasonable limits, this can cause a buildup of cholesterol in the artery walls. This phenomenon is commonly known as cholesterol disease. Until now, cholesterol disease is still a disease that has claimed many victims. Cholesterol is generally caused by increased levels of LDL in the blood. LDL in the blood is produced from the process of cholesterol biosynthesis which converts acetyl CoA and acetoacetyl-CoA into cholesterol (LDL). The HMG-CoA reductase enzyme plays an important role in the process of cholesterol biosynthesis in the body. The HMG-CoA reductase enzyme will convert the HMG-CoA compound into mevalonate which will then be converted into cholesterol. Usually, people with cholesterol disease are advised to take statin drugs to help lower cholesterol levels in the body. However, over time, of course, these statin class drugs can cause side effects for people with cholesterol. Therefore, another alternative is needed to reduce cholesterol levels in the body. Collagen hydrolyzate is known to contain bioactive peptides which can act as inhibitors of the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. One of the collagen hydrolyzates that has the potential to act as an inhibitor of the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme is collagen hydrolyzate derived from the skin of snakehead fish (Channa striata). The research method used is descriptive method which consists of two stages of research. The first research phase aims to produce hydrolyzed collagen from snakehead fish (Channa striata) skin using protease enzymes from old biduri leaves (Calotropis gigantea). The second research phase aims to determine the characteristics of the collagen hydrolyzate from snakehead fish (Channa striata) skin by conducting several tests, including the degree of hydrolysis, pH, protein content, amino acid profile, molecular weight and antioxidant activity used to determine the anti-cholesterol properties of collagen hydrolysate snakehead fish skin (Channa striata). From the results of the first phase of the study, it was found that hydrolyzate of collagen from snakehead fish (Channa striata) skin with physical characteristics was clear and slightly viscous. In the second phase of the study, the chemical characteristics of the collagen hydrolyzate from snakehead fish (Channa striata) skin were obtained which had a yield of 6% and a degree of hydrolysis of 18.79%, although it was relatively low, the process of hydrolysis and breaking of peptide bonds still occurred. Besides that, the obtained molecular weight is 21.6 kDa – 238.6 kDa which indicates that the hydrolysis process occurs unevenly. The hydrolyzed antioxidant activity of snakehead collagen skin collagen was detected at 31,211 ppm, and contained 17 amino acids consisting of Asp-Glu-Ser-Gly-His-Arg-Thr-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Val-Met-Cys-Ile- Leu-Phe-Lys. From the results of these amino acids it is known that there are amino acids arginine, glycine, proline, and valine which have the potential as anti-cholesterol amino acids.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080094 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | HMG-CoA reduktase, Anti-kolesterol, Peptida, Hidrolisat, Ikan Gabus,HMG-CoA reductase, Anti-Cholesterol, Peptide, Hydrolysate, Snakehead fish |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.2 Commercial fishing, whaling, sealing |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Teknologi Hasil Perikanan |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Aug 2023 02:08 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Aug 2023 02:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202716 |
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