Chikarema MJ, Christsia Andari and drh. Sruti Listra Adrenalin, and drh. Herjuno Ari Nugroho, (2023) Identifikasi Dan Uji Resistensi Antibiotik Bakteri Gram Negatif Potensial Patogen Asal Reptil Dan Kandang Di Pasar Hewan Splendid Kota Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Reptil merupakan hewan bertulang belakang yang termasuk dalam golongan hewan ektotermal bersisik. Saat ini reptil sendiri diduga menjadi salah satu pembawa penyakit bakteri seperti mikobakteriosis dan klamidiosis yang dapat ditularkan kepada manusia baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung, namun belum banyak informasi mengenai potensi zoonosis dan tingkat resistensi bakteri yang dibawa oleh reptil dan dapat membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dengan tujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi bakteri potensial patogen asal reptil dengan mengamati pola resistensi bakteri terhadap antibiotik (antimicrobial resistent). Sampel yang digunakan adalah feses reptil, swab lingkungan kandang dan air habitat dengan total sampel sebanyak 25 sampel yang dikoleksi secara non-invasif dari Pasar Hewan Splendid Kota Malang. Tahapan penelitian adalah dengan mengidentifikasi sampel bakteri asal reptil dan kandang, kemudian diuji resistensi antibiotik dengan metode difusi cakram (Kirby-bauer) dengan 4 jenis antibiotik yaitu Amoxicillin (AMC), Amikacin (AK), Cefoxitin (COX) dan Ceftriaxone (CRO). Hasil dari identifikasi secara fenotipik kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan data zona hambat dianalisis sesuai dengan standar Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) untuk mengetahui tingkat sensitivitas antibiotik terhadap bakteri berdasarkan besaran zona hambat yang terbentuk. Dilakukan konfirmasi identifikasi jenis bakteri menggunakan perununutan gen 16s rRNA terhadap tiga perwakilan sampel isolat yang mengalami resistensi terhadap ≥ 3 jenis antibiotik. Hasil identifikasi bakteri, sebanyak 5 sampel (20%) teridentifikasi sebagai bakteri Escherichia coli, 12 sampel (48%) bakteri Klebsiella sp., 4 sampel (16%) bakteri Proteus sp., 3 sampel (12%) bakteri Salmonella sp., dan 1 sampel (4%) tidak tumbuh. Secara keseluruhan sebanyak 17 isolat (70%) mengalami resistensi dan 9 diantaranya mengalami resistensi terhadap ≥ 3 jenis antibiotik. Sementara itu tiga isolat perwakilan telah diidentifikasi menggunakan runutan gen 16S rRNA yaitu Proteus mirabilis (KN9 dan KN17) dan Morganella morgenii (KN21). Penelitian lanjutan untuk mengidentifikasi patogenesitas dan gen resisten pada bakteri masih perlu dilakukan
English Abstract
Reptiles are vertebrate scaly ectothermic animals that gain body heat from thesurrounding environment. Currently, reptiles are suspected of being carriers of bacterial diseases such as mycobacteriosis and chlamidiosis which can be transmitted to humans either directly or indirectly, but there is not much information regarding the potential for zoonoses and the level of resistance of bacteria carried by reptiles and which can endanger human health. This research was conducted to isolate and identify potentially pathogenic bacteria from reptiles and their cage environment and observe bacterial resistance’s pattern toward antibiotics (antimicrobial resistance). The samples used in this study were reptile faeces, swabs from the cage environment and water from the enclosure, which were collected non-invasively from Splendid Animal Market, Malang City. Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the sample by physical and biochemical identification through agar media and biochemical tests. The isolated bacteria were then subjected to a sensitivity test using the disc diffusion method (Kirby- Bauer) with four types of antibiotics as follows Amoxicillin Clavulanate (AMC), Amikacin (AK), Cefoxitin (COX) and Ceftriaxone (CRO). The results of phenotypic isolation-identification were then analyzed descriptively, and the inhibition zone data were analyzed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards to determine the level of antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria based on the size of the observed inhibition zone. Confirmation of the identification the type of bacteria using 16s rRNA gene sequencing was carried out on three representative isolate samples that experienced resistance to ≥ 3 types of antibiotics. Based on identification on agar media and biochemical tests, five samples (20%) were identified as Escherichia coli, 12 samples (48%) Klebsiella sp., four samples (16%) Proteus sp., three samples (12%) Salmonella sp and 1 sample (4%) was unable to grow. Overall, 17 isolates (70%) showed antimicrobial resistance, and nine experienced resistance to ≥ 3 antibiotics. Meanwhile, three representative isolate were identified using the 16S rRNA DNA barcoding sequencing as Proteus mirabilis (KN9 and KN17) and Morganella morgenii (KN21). According to this study, several pathogenic bacteria from reptiles and cages have developed antimicrobial resistance to several antibiotics. Further research to identify pathogenicity and resistance genes in bacteria still needs to be carried out.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523130007 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Reptil, bakteri Gram negatif, resistensi antibiotik, metode kirby-bauer, 16sRNA, Reptiles, Gram negative bacteria, antibiotic resistance, kirby-bauer method, 16s rRNA |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 636 Animal husbandry > 636.08 Specific topics in animal husbandry > 636.089 Veterinary medicine |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan > Kedokteran Hewan |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Aug 2023 03:45 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Aug 2023 03:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202626 |
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