Rahmawati, Rinanti Putri and Putri Setiani,, ST. MES. Ph.D. and Dr. Eng. Akhmad Adi Sulianto,, STP., MT., M. Eng (2023) Penurunan Kadar Turbiditas, TSS, TDS, dan Fe Air Sumur dengan Pemanfaatan Biokoagulan Limbah Cangkang Telur Ayam Ras (Gallus domesticus). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Air bersih yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat untuk keperluan sehari-hari bersumber dari Perusahaan Air Minum (PAM), sumur gali, air pompa, atau air permukaan seperti air danau, air laut, dan air sungai. Hasil Riskedas 2010 menunjukkan bahwa jenis sumber utama air untuk keperluan rumah tangga pada umumnya menggunakan sumur gali (27,9%), dan sumur bor atau pompa (22,2%) serta air PAM (19,5)%. Air sumur lebih banyak digunakan masyarakat sebagai sumber air bersih selain air yang disediakan oleh PDAM karena biaya yang relatif lebih murah dan tidak semua daerah di Indonesia telah dijangkau PDAM. Namun kualitas air sumur tidak sebaik air PDAM yang telah melalui proses pengolahan. Contoh kasus yang akan digunakan sebagai sampel pada penelitian ini adalah air sumur di Jalan Pekalongan Nomor 2C, Kelurahan Penanggungan, Kecamatan Klojen, Kota Malang dengan karakteristik berwarna kekuningan, keruh dan banyak padatan tidak terlarut. Oleh karena itu air sumur memerlukan adanya pengolahan untuk memperbaiki kualitas. Pengolahan air dalam penelitian menggunakan metode koagulasi flokulasi dengan memanfaatkan biokoagulan yang berasal dari cangkang telur ayam ras. Pembuatan biokoagulan cangkang telur ayam ras dilakukan melalui tahap deproteinasi. Koagulasi-flokulasi dilaksanakan dengan metode jar test dengan variasi dosis koagulan dan pH. Dosis koagulan yang digunakan dalam penelitian yaitu 5g/500 mL; 7g/500 mL; 9g/500 mL; 11g/500 mL; dan 13g/500 mL. Variasi pH yang digunakan pada dosis optimum yaitu 3,7, dan 11. Parameter yang dianalisis dalam air sumur meliputi turbiditas, TSS, TDS, dan Fe (Besi). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian jenis eksperimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis menggunakan uji One Way Anova untuk mempelajari pengaruh perlakuan dosis dan pH dan didapatkan hasil berbeda nyata sehingga perlu dilakukan uji lanjutan yaitu uji BNT 5% untuk melihat pengaruh pada tiap perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mutu biokoagulan dengan warna krem muda, kadar air sebesar 0,78%, kadar abu sebesar 45,01%, dan terdapat gugus fungsi kalsium karbonat pada hasil uji FTIR. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pengaruh penambahan dosis biokoagulan menunjukkan hasil terbaik pada dosis 5g/500mL dengan efektivitas penurunan kadar turbiditas sebesar 92,25%; kadar TSS sebesar 92,60%; dan kadar TDS sebesar 13,97% serta pH terbaik yaitu pH asam (pH 3) yang mampu menurunkan kadar turbiditas hingga 98,13%; kadar TSS 98,00%; dan kadar TDS 17,92%. Parameter Fe (besi) pada penelitian ini dapat tereduksi hingga >94,66% dengan adanya perlakuan dosis dan pH pada proses koagulasi-flokulasi.
English Abstract
Clean water that is used by the community for daily purposes is sourced from Perusahaan Air Minum (PAM), dug wells, pumped water, or surface water such as lake water, sea water, and river water. The results of Riskedas 2010 showed that the main types of water sources for household purposes generally used dug wells (27.9%), and drilled wells or pumps (22.2%) and PAM water (19.5%). Well water is used more by the community as a source of clean water besides water provided by PDAM because the cost is relatively cheaper and not all regions in Indonesia have been reached by PDAM. However, the quality of well water is not as good as PDAM water which has been processed. An example of a case that will be used as a sample in this study is well water in Pekalongan Street Number 2C, Penanggungan Villages, Klojen District, Malang City with yellowish color, turbid and lots of undissolved solids. Therefore, well water requires treatment to improve quality. Water treatment in this study used the coagulation-flocculation method by utilizing biocoagulants derived from chicken eggshell. The production of biocoagulant egg shells of broiler chickens is carried out through the deproteination stage. Coagulation-flocculation was carried out using the jar test method with various coagulant doses and pH. The coagulant dose used in the study was 5g/500 mL; 7g/500mL; 9g/500mL; 11g/500mL; and 13g/500mL. The variations in pH used at optimum doses were 3, 7 and 11. Parameters analyzed in well water included turbidity, TSS, TDS, and Fe. This research is an experimental type research with a quantitative approach. The research data were analyzed using the One Way Anova test to study the effect of the dose and pH treatments and the results were significantly different, so a follow-up test, namely the BNT 5% test, was needed to see the effect on each treatment. The results showed the quality of biocoagulant with a light beige color, a moisture content of 0.78%, an ash content of 45.01%, and the presence of calsium carbonate functional groups as typical functional groups in the FTIR test results. Based on the results of the study the effect of increasing the dose of biocoagulant showed the best results at a dose of 5g/500mL with an effectiveness in reducing turbidity levels of 92.25%; TSS content of 92.60%; and TDS level of 13.97% and the best pH is acidic pH (pH 3) which can reduce turbidity levels up to 98.13%; TSS content 98.00%; and TDS level of 17.92%. Parameters Fe in this study can be reduced to > 94.66% with the dose and pH treatment in the coagulation-flocculation process.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523100041 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Air sumur, Biokoagulan, Cangkang telur ayam, Fe, Jar test, Koagulasi flokulasi, TDS, TSS, Turbiditas,Biocoagulant, Broiler chicken eggshell, Coagulation flocculation, Fe, Jar test, TDS, TSS, Turbidity, Well water |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Aug 2023 02:27 |
| Last Modified: | 14 Aug 2023 02:27 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202411 |
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