Respon Kualitas Lahan Berbagai Sistem Agroforestri Berbasis Kopi Di Ub Forest

Sa’diyah, Zenny Faridatus and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sugeng Prijono, and Dr. Ir. Retno Suntari (2023) Respon Kualitas Lahan Berbagai Sistem Agroforestri Berbasis Kopi Di Ub Forest. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Tanaman kopi (Coffea spp.) merupakan salah satu komoditas unggulan di Indonesia. Salah satu wilayah yang membudidayakan kopi sistem agroforestri yaitu UB forest yang terletak di Kecamatan Karangploso yang merupakan salah satu bagian dari daerah unggulan komoditas kopi, dan Kabupaten Malang yang menjadi daerah penghasil kopi terbesar ketiga di Jawa Timur. Air dan unsur hara menjadi faktor penting dalam pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kopi. Sumber air yang hanya mengandalkan air hujan sehingga ketika terjadi perubahan iklim dapat mengancam ketersediaan air tanah. Kebutuhan air tanaman akan meningkat 5-15% ketika terjadi peningkatan suhu 2-6⁰C. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis besarnya kadar lengas tanah saat musim hujan dan kemarau, sumbangan hara N, P, K seresah pada jenis naungan dan umur tanaman kopi yang berbeda dan pengaruhnya terhadap ketersediaan hara tanah. Penelitian mulai Februari-Juli 2022 di UB forest tepatnya Dusun Tumpangrejo, Desa Ngenep, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan observasi di lapangan dan dilanjutkan dengan analisis di laboratorium. Plot penelitian terdiri dari 5 yaitu P1 (kontrol), P2 (kopi 4 tahun, naungan pinus), P3 (kopi 7 tahun, naungan pinus), P4 (kopi 4 tahun, naungan mahoni), dan P5 (kopi 7 tahun, naungan mahoni). Penentuan plot penelitian berdasarkan umur tanaman kopi dan jenis naungan yang dominan. Pengambilan sampel tanah sebanyak 3 ulangan pada kedalaman 0-20, 20-40, dan 40-60 cm, sementara sampel tanaman sebanyak 4 ulangan. Variabel pengamatan meliputi kadar air tanah, N, P, dan K total seresah, serta N total, P dan K tersedia tanah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar lengas tanah berbeda nyata (P<0,05) antara musim hujan yang memiliki nilai lebih tinggi dari musim kemarau di semua kedalaman tanah. Sistem agroforestri dengan jenis naungan dan umur tanaman kopi yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap total simpanan lengas tanah. Total simpanan lengas tanah tertinggi terdapat pada kopi 7 tahun dengan naungan mahoni yaitu 343,57 mm (musim hujan) dan 306,60 mm (musim kemarau). Sistem agroforestri dengan jenis naungan dan umur tanaman kopi yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap sumbangan N, P, K total seresah. N, P, K total tertinggi secara berurutan yaitu 4,47 pada kopi 7 tahun dengan naungan pinus, 0,60 pada kopi 4 tahun dengan naungan pinus, dan 3,06% pada sistem kopi 7 tahun dengan naungan mahoni. Sumbangan hara N, P, K seresah tertinggi terdapat pada sistem agroforestri kopi dengan naungan pinus secara berurutan yaitu 1.099,64 kg.ha-1.th-1 pada kopi 7 tahun dengan naungan pinus, 106,65 kg.ha-1.th-1 pada kopi 4 tahun dengan naungan pinus, 434,63 kg.ha-1.th-1 pada kopi 7 tahun dengan naungan pinus. Sistem agroforestri dengan jenis naungan dan umur tanaman kopi yang berbeda berpengaruh nyata terhadap ketersediaan unsur hara tanah, kecuali unsur P di awal pengamatan (0-20 dan 40-60 cm) dan unsur K di akhir pengamatan (20-40 cm). N total tertinggi terdapat pada kopi 4 tahun dengan naungan mahoni secara berurutan mulai kedalaman 0-20, 20-40, dan 40-60 cm yaitu 0,40, 0,27, dan 0,30%. P tersedia tertinggi terdapat pada plot kontrol secara berurutan yaitu 15,21, 14,06, dan 12,64 mg.kg- 1. K tersedia tertinggi terdapat pada kopi 7 tahun dengan naungan mahoni secara berurutan yaitu 1,69, 1,64, dan 1,87 me.100g

English Abstract

Coffee (Coffea spp.) is one of the leading commodities in Indonesia. One of the areas that cultivate coffee with agroforestry systems is UB forest. UB forest is located in Karangploso District, which is one part of the leading areas for coffee commodities, and Malang Regency which is the third largest coffee producing area in East Java. Water and nutrients are important factors in the growth and yield of coffee plants. Water sources in UB forest only rely on rainfall so that when climate change occurs, it can threaten the availability of ground water. Plant water requirements will increase by 5-15% when there is an increase in temperature of 2-6⁰C. This study aims to analyze the amount of soil moisture during the rainy and dry seasons, the contribution of nutrients N, P, K in litter on different types of shade and age of coffee plants and their effect on soil nutrient availability. The research start from February-July 2022 in UB forest, precisely in Tumpangrejo, Ngenep Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency. The research was conducted by observation in the field and continued with analysis in the laboratory. Research plot consisted of 5 including P1 (control), P2 (4 year coffee, pine shade), P3 (7 year coffee, pine shade), P4 (4 year coffee, mahogany shade), and P5 (7 year coffee, mahogany shade). The determination of research plot based on the age of coffee and type of shade which is the most in research plot. Soil samples were taken 3 replications at 3 soil depths (0-20, 20-40, and 40- 60 cm), while plant samples were taken 4 replicates. Observation variables included soil water content, N, P, and K total litter, as well as total N, P and K available soil. The results showed that soil moisture content was significantly different (P<0.05) between rainy season which was higher than dry season at all soil depths. Agroforestry systems with different types of shade and age of coffee had a significant effect on total soil moisture storage. The highest total soil moisture storage was found in 7 year coffee with mahogany shade which is 343.57 mm (rainy season) and 306.60 mm (dry season). Agroforestry systems with different types of shade and age of coffee plants also significant effect on the total N, P, K litter. The highest total N, P, K were 4.47% in 7 year coffee with pine shade, 0.60% in 4 year coffee with pine shade, 3.06% in 7 year coffee with mahogany shade. The contribution of N, P, K nutrients in litter was highest in the coffee agroforestry system with pine, 1,099.64 kg.ha-1.th-1 in 7 year coffee with pine shade, 106.65 kg.ha-1.th-1 in 4 year coffee with pine shade, 434.63 kg.ha-1.th-1 on 7 year coffee with pine shade. Agroforestry systems with different types of shade and age of coffee plants significantly affected to soil nutrients availability, except for P at the beginning of the observation at 0-20 and 40-60 cm and K at the end of the observation at 20-40 cm. The highest total N was found in 4 year coffee with mahogany shade, respectively, from a depth of 0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm which were 0.40, 0.27, and 0.30%. The highest available P was found in control plot which were 15.21, 14.06, and 12.64 mg.kg-1, respectively. The highest available K was found in 7 years coffee with mahogany shade, respectively, which were 1.69, 1.64, and 1.87 me.100g-1

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	0423040005
Subjects:	300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Magister Ekonomi Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	09 Aug 2023 03:06
Last Modified:	09 Aug 2023 03:06
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202365

Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO) ZENNY FARIDATUS SA'DIYAH.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2025. Download (4MB)

Actions (login required)

View Item