Sofyaningrum, Alaida Nur Laili and Dr. Ir. Mintarto Martosudiro and Fery Abdul Choliq, (2023) Pengaruh Sistem Pengairan Dan Bahan Organik Terhadap Perkembangan Penyakit Bercak Coklat Sempit Cercospora Oryzae Dan Hawar Pelepah Daun Rhizoctonia Sp. Pada Tanaman Padi. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman padi sebagai tanaman penghasil beras banyak dibudidayakan di Indonesia. Penyakit tanaman yang kerap menyerang tanaman padi diantaranya yaitu penyakit bercak coklat sempit yang disebabkan oleh Cercospora oryzae Miyake (Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae) dan penyakit hawar pelepah daun yang disebabkan oleh Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Cantharellales: Ceratobasidiaceae). Perkembangan penyakit pada tanaman padi dapat dipengaruhi oleh kegiatan budi daya yang diterapkan karena berkaitan dengan lingkungan yang disediakan oleh petani untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Kegiatan budi daya sebagai manipulasi lingkungan oleh petani diantaranya yaitu sistem pengairan dan bahan organik. Oleh karena itu dilakukan penelitian mengenai pengaruh sistem pengairan dan bahan organik terhadap perkembangan penyakit bercak coklat sempit C. oryzae dan hawar pelepah daun Rhizoctonia sp. pada tanaman padi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan Balai Penelitian Lingkungan Pertanian (Balingtan) di Jalan Raya Jakenan-Jaken km. 05, Jakenan, Kabupaten Pati, Jawa Tengah pada bulan Oktober 2022 sampai dengan Februari 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor. Faktor I yaitu sistem pengairan terdiri atas 3 taraf, Continuous Flooding, Alternate Wetting and Drying, dan Midseason Drainage. Faktor II yaitu bahan organik jerami terdiri atas 2 taraf, dengan bahan organik dan tanpa bahan organik. Perlakuan kombinasi terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 4 kali. Kemudian dilakukan analisis ragam taraf nyata 5% dan uji lanjut DMRT serta analisis korelasi antara intensitas penyakit dengan produksi tanaman padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan sistem pengairan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap intensitas penyakit bercak coklat sempit C. oryzae dan hawar pelepah daun Rhizoctonia sp. pada tanaman padi. Pemberian bahan organik jerami berpengaruh dalam menekan intensitas penyakit bercak coklat sempit C. oryzae dan hawar pelepah daun Rhizoctonia sp. pada tanaman padi. Sistem pengairan tergenang dengan pemberian bahan organik memberikan hasil pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman yang tertinggi. Seluruh perlakuan tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap jumlah anakan tanaman padi. Penambahan bahan organik memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap hasil produksi tanaman padi, baik gabah kering panen (GKP) dan gabah kering giling (GKG). Intensitas serangan penyakit bercak coklat sempit berkorelasi nyata dan negatif terhadap hasil produksi GKP dan GKG tanaman pa
English Abstract
Rice plants are widely cultivated in Indonesia. Plant diseases that often attack rice plants include narrow brown leaf spot disease caused by Cercospora oryzae Miyake (Capnodiales: Mycosphaerellaceae) and rice leaf sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn (Cantharellales: Ceratobasidiaceae). The development of diseases in rice plants can be influenced by the cultivation activities because it relates to the environment provided by farmers for plant growth. Cultivation activities as environmental manipulation by farmers include irrigation systems and organic matter. Therefore, research was carried out on the effect of irrigation systems and organic matter on the development of narrow brown leaf spot C. oryzae and leaf sheath blight Rhizoctonia sp. on rice. The research was conducted on Agricultural Environmental Research Institute (Balingtan) located on Jalan Raya Jakenan-Jaken km. 05, Jakenan, Pati, Central Java from October 2022 to February 2023. This study used a factorial randomized block design consisting of 2 factors. The first factor is the irrigation system consisting of 3 levels, Continuous Flooding, Alternate Wetting and Drying, and Midseason Drainage. The second factor is the straw organic matter consists of 2 levels, with organic matter and without organic matter. The combination treatment consisted of 6 treatments and each treatment was repeated 4 times. Then an analysis of variance was carried out with 5% level of significance with further testing using the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and analysis of the correlation between disease intensity and rice production The results showed that the irrigation system treatment had no significant effect on the intensity of brown narrow leaf spot C. oryzae and leaf sheath blight Rhizoctonia sp. on rice. The application of organic matter had an effect on suppressing the intensity of brown narrow leaf spot C. oryzae and leaf sheath blight Rhizoctonia sp. on rice. Continuous flooding irrigation system with organic matter gives the highest plant height results. All treatments had no significant effect on the number of tillers of rice plants. The addition of organic matter had a significant effect on the production of rice plants, dry harvest grain and dry milled grain. The disease intensity of brown narrow leaf spot C. oryzae significantly and negatively correlated with dry harvest grain and dry milled grain production of rice plant
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523040183 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jul 2023 04:47 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2023 04:47 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/202248 |
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