Berlianasari, Vinola Mayta and Dr. Ir. Guntur,, M.S. and Citra Satrya Utama Dewi,, S.Pi., M.Si. (2022) Struktur Komunitas Makrozoobenthos Pada Ekosistem Padang Lamun (Seagrass) di Teluk Penerusan, Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Lamun merupakan tumbuhan air dan berbunga (Angiospermae) yang hidup dengan berbagai jenis substrat di perairan laut dangkal dan dapat membentuk sebuah hamparan yang dinamakan padang lamun. Padang lamun dapat berasosiasi dengan berbagai jenis organisme, salah satunya yaitu organisme makrozoobenthos. Makrozoobenthos merupakan organisme akuatik yang memiliki ukuran tubuh >1 mm. Lamun dan makrozoobenthos memiliki sifat yang sama yaitu peka terhadap perubahan lingkungan di sekitarnya sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai bioindikator untuk mengetahui kondisi suatu perairan. Saat ini, luasan ekosistem lamun di Indonesia mengalami penurunan setiap tahunnya, hal tersebut disebabkan karena minimnya pengelolaan, faktor alam, dan faktor antropogenik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kondisi tutupan dan kerapatan lamun serta struktur komunitas makrozoobenthos di Teluk Penerusan. Pengambilan data dilakukan di tiga stasiun menggunakan metode observasi dengan metode teknik sampling yaitu purposive sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan transek kuadran berukuran 50x50 cm. Pengambilan tersebut dengan menarik line transect tegak lurus dari garis pantai ke arah laut sepanjang 100 meter, jarak antar line transect yaitu 50 meter, dan jarak antar kuadran yaitu 10 meter. Pengambilan makrozoobenthos terbagi menjadi dua yaitu epifauna yang diamati dan diambil secara langsung sedangkan infauna diambil menggunakan sedimen trap hingga kedalaman ±20 cm. Selain itu, dilakukan pengukuran kualitas air meliputi suhu, salinitas, pH, DO, kecerahan, kedalaman, dan substrat. Hasil dari perhitungan lamun didapatkan persentase tutupan berkisar antara 18,75 - 47,35% dengan kategori tutupan antara jarang hingga sedang. sedangkan jumlah nilai kerapatan berkisar antara 160 - 413,82 tegakan/m2 dengan kategori kerapatan antara rapat hingga sangat rapat. Spesies lamun yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Thalassia hemprichii. Hasil perhitungan makrozoobenthos didapatkan jumlah kepadatan epifauna antara 4 - 29 ind/m2 dengan jenis yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Macrophiotix belii sedangkan kelimpahan makrozoobenthos infauna didapatkan nilai antara 521 - 864 ind/m3 dengan jenis yang paling sering ditemukan adalah Canarium labiatum. Berdasarkan hasil indeks ekologi didapatkan nilai keanekaragaman epifauna berkisar antara 0,55 - 1,35 yang termasuk kategori rendah sedangkan nilai keanekaragaman infauna berkisar antara 2,28 - 2,60 yang termasuk kategori sedang, kemudian nilai keseragaman epifauna berkisar antara 0,28 - 0,69 yang termasuk kategori antara rendah hingga tinggi sedangkan nilai keseragaman infauna berkisar antara 0,68 - 0,77 yang termasuk kategori tinggi, dan yang ketiga adalah indeks dominansi, didapatkan nilai dominansi epifauna berkisar antara 0,31 - 0,75 yang termasuk kategori antara rendah hingga tinggi sedangkan nilai dominansi infauna berkisar antara 0,08 - 0,11 yang termasuk kategori rendah.
English Abstract
Seagrasses are flowering aquatic plants (Angiosperms) that live on variety of substrates in shallow marine waters and can form an expanse called seagrass beds. Seagrass beds can be associated with various types of organisms, such as macrozoobenthos. Macrozoobenthos is an aquatic organism that has a body size > 1 mm. Seagrasses and macrozoobenthos have the same characteristics, which is sensitive to environmental changes, so that they can be used as bioindicators to determine the condition of a waters. Currently, the area of seagrass ecosystems in Indonesia is decreasing every year, this is due to the lack of management, natural factors, and anthropogenic factors. The purpose of this study was to determine the condition of seagrass cover and density as well as the community structure of macrozoobenthos in the Penerusan Bay. Data collection was carried out at three stations using the observation method, while sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. Data were collected using quadrant transects with a size of 50x50 cm and transect lines were drawn perpendicularly from the shoreline to the sea for 100 meters, with a distance between transect lines is 50 meters and a the distance between quadrants is 10 meters. Retrieval of macrozoobenthos was divided into two, namely the epifauna which was observed and collected directly while the infauna was collected using a sediment trap with a depth of ±20 cm. In addition, measurements of water quality were carried out which included temperature, salinity, pH, DO, brightness, depth, and substrate. The results of seagrass calculations show that the percentage of cover ranges from 18,75 – 47,35% with a cover category between rare to moderate. Meanwhile the total density values ranged from 160 – 413,82 stands/m2 with density categories ranging from dense to very dense. The most common seagrass species found is Thalassia Hemprichii. The results of macrozoobenthos calculations obtained the total density of epifauna between 4 - 29 ind/m2 with the most commonly found species is Macrophiotix belii while the abundance of macrozoobenthic infauna obtained values between 521 - 864 ind/m3 with the most frequently found species is Canarium labiatum. Based on the results of the ecological index, the value of epifauna diversity ranged from 0,55 - 1,35 which was included in the low category while the value of infauna diversity ranged from 2,28 - 2,60 which was included in the medium category, then the epifauna uniformity value ranged from 0,28 - 0,69 which is included in the category between low to high while the value of infauna uniformity ranges from 0,68 - 0,77 which is included in the high category, and the third is the dominance index, the epifauna dominance value ranges from 0,31 - 0,75 which belongs to the category between low to high while the value of infauna dominance ranges from 0,08 - 0,11 which is included in the low category.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522080524 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | PKN 03 UB |
| Date Deposited: | 07 Jun 2023 02:56 |
| Last Modified: | 07 Jun 2023 02:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/201047 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Vinola Mayta Berlianasari.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2024. Download (5MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |