Manalu, Erlis Herawati and Cahyo Prayogo and Didik Sucahyo (2022) Pengaruh Penambahan Isolat Rhizobium sp Toleran Salintas Terhadap Serapan-N dan Pertumbuhan Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogeae L.) di Tanah Salin. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kebutuhan konsumsi kacang tanah mengalami penurunan yang disebabkan oleh penurunan produktivitas kacang tanah. Menurut Pusat Data dan Informasi Pertanian (2020) jumlah produksi kacang tanah di Indonesia berada di angka 721 ton, sedangkan tingkat konsumsi masyarakat terhadap kacang tanah pada tahun 2020 berada di angka 0,288 kg/kapita/tahun. Dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat maka produksi tanaman kacang tanah dengan cara ekstensifikasi/ perluasan areal tanam termasuk pada lahan salin. Cekaman salinitas dapat berpengaruh pada penyerapan air oleh tanaman serta penyerapan garam yang berlebihan dapat menyebabkan keracunan pada tanaman sehingga perlu dilakukan penambahan mikroba tanah yaitu bakteri yang mampu bersimbiosis dengan tanaman kacang tanah, agar membantu penyerapan unsur hara nitrogen bagi pertumbuhan tanaman kacang tanah, salah satunya ialah bakteri Rhizobium sp. Dalam penelitian ini bakteri Rhizobium sp yang digunakan harus dapat hidup secara optimal dalam kondisi tanah yang mengalami cekaman salinitas. Sehingga penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan isolat Rhizobium sp toleran terhadap serapan-N kacang tanah di tanah salin. Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Juli 2019-Juni 2020. Eksplorasi tanah salin dilakukan di Leren Wetan, Kecamatan Palang, Kabupaten Tuban Jawa Timur. Eksplorasi isolat bakteri dilakukan di Balitkabi, Malang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok yang terdiri dari 14 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Parameter yang diamati yaitu jumlah koloni isolat, jumlah bintil akar, berat kering bintil akar, tinggi tanaman, kadar klorofil daun, kemasaman tanah, c-organik, daya hantar listrik, dan serapan-N tanaman. Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan tabel ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) F 5%. Apabila data yang diperoleh berpengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut yaitu DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range) taraf 5% Hasil penelitian menunjukkan inokulasi isolat bakteri Rhizobium sp pada tanaman rata-rata memiliki hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol pada tanah salin maupun non salin. Perlakuan inokulasi isolat bakteri Rhizobium sp pada tanah salin dan non salin memberikan hasil yang berpengaruh nyata dengan hasil terbaik yaitu perlakuan inokulasi isolat 3 pada tanah non salin dengan serapan-N 3,71 g/tan jumlah bintil akar efektif 131 buah/tan, persentase jumlah bintil akar efektif 92,63%, tinggi tanaman 8,00 cm, kadar klorofil daun 36,97 unit, berat brangkasan 12,76 gr. Pada pengamatan sifat kimia tanah serta biologi, menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nyata. Perlakuan terbaik yang menghasilkan nilai tertinggi terhadap sifat kimia yaitu pada pengamatan pH ialah pada perlakuan IR8S dengan nilai 8,23. Perlakuan IR3NS terhadap C-organik sebesar 1,08%, hasil tertinggi pada pengamatan daya hantar listrik ialah IR11NS sebesar 5,60 dS/m. Pada sifat biologi perlakuan IR3NS memiliki hasil tertinggi pada jumlah koloni sebesar 238,1 x 105 CFU/ml
English Abstract
Demand for peanut consumption has decreased due to a decrease in peanut productivity. According to the Center for Agricultural Data and Information (2020) the total production of peanuts in Indonesia is at 721 tons, while the level of public consumption of peanuts in 2020 is at 0,288 kg/capita/year. In meeting the needs of the community, the production of peanuts is by way of extensification/expansion of the planting area, including on saline land. Salinity stress can affect water absorption by plants and excessive salt absorption can cause poisoning in plants so it is necessary to add soil microbes, namely bacteria able to symbiotically with peanut plants, to order to help absorb nitrogen nutrients for the growth of peanut plants, one of which is bacteria Rhizobium sp. In this study, the Rhizobium sp bacteria used must be able to live optimally in soil conditions experiencing salinity stress. So this study was conducted to determine the effect of adding tolerant Rhizobium isolates to the N-uptake of peanuts in saline soils. The research was carried out from July 2019-June 2020. Saline soil exploration was carried out in Leren Wetan, Palang District, Tuban Regency, East Java. Exploration of bacterial isolates was carried out at Balitkabi, Malang. This research was conducted using a randomized group design method consisting of 14 treatment combinations and 3 replications. observed were the number of isolated colonies, number of root nodules, dry weight of root nodules, plant height, leaf chlorophyll content, soil acidity, C-organic, electrical conductivity, and plant N-uptake. The data obtained were then analyzed using the F 5% ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) table. If the data obtained has a significant effect, then it is continued with a further test, namely the DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range) levels of 5%. The results showed that inoculation of Rhizobium bacterial isolates on plants averaged better results than the control treatment on saline or non-saline soils. The inoculation treatment of Rhizobium sp bacteria isolates on saline and non-saline soils gave significant results with the best results, namely the inoculation treatment of isolate 3 on non-saline soils with N-uptake of 3,71 g/tan , the number of effective root nodules was 131 pieces /tan, the percentage of effective root nodules was 92,63%, plant height was 8,00 cm, leaf chlorophyll content was 36,97 units, stover weight was 12,76 gr. In observing the chemical and biological properties of the soil, the results showed significantly different results. was the IR8S treatment with a value of 8,23. The IR3NS treatment of C-organic was 1,08%, and the highest result in the observation of electrical conductivity was IR11NS of 5,60 dS/m. In terms of biological characteristics, the IR3NS treatment had the highest yield on the number of colonies of 238,1 x 105 CFU/ml.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040569 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 06 Jun 2023 02:17 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jun 2023 02:17 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200797 |
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