Puspitasari, Mutiara Fatiha and Prof. Dr. Rudianto,, MA and Defri Yona, S.Pi., M.Sc. Stud., D. Sc (2023) Analisis Perhitungan Indeks Kesehatan Hutan Mangrove di Muara Sungai dan Kawasan Pesisir Ekang Anculai, Kabupaten Bintan, Kep. Riau. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Latar belakang dari penelitian ini yaitu ekosistem mangrove di pulau-pulau kecil seringkali mendapat berbagai tantangan. Permasalahan mengenai kesehatan mangrove menjadi salah satu indikator apakah hutan mangrove di wilayah tersebut sudah rusak atau masih memiliki potensi yang cukup baik untuk dimanfaatkan. Terdapat banyak kawasan mangrove di Kabupaten Bintan, salah satunya di muara sungai Ekang yang memiliki potensi keragaman jenis yang cukup baik dan tersebar dari hulu hingga pesisir. Tujuan dari penelitian ini mengidentifikasi mengenai kondisi persebaran jenis vegetasi mangrove dan nilai INP (Indeks Nilai Penting), mengetahui nilai kesehatan mangrove baik menggunakan metode lapang dan juga bantuan data sekunder dari citra satelit sentinel, dan mengetahui bagaimana korelasi antara indeks kesehatan mangrove dengan citra satelit. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2021 hingga September 2022 di Ekang Anculai, Kab. Bintan, Kep. Riau. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu stratified random sampling yang dalam pengambilan datanya didasarkan dengan keterwakilan data dari setiap strata yang diperlukan pada penelitian. Lokasi pengambilan data lapang (primer) tepatnya berada di muara sungai dan kawasan pesisir Ekang. Diambil 4 titik stasiun yang tersebar dari hulu sungai hingga muara sungai. Pengambilan data meliputi pengukuran parameter kualitas perairan (suhu, pH, salinitas, substrat) dan pengukuran vegetasi mangrove (diameter batang, kerapatan mangrove, jenis mangrove, tutupan canopy). Data sekunder yang digunakan yaitu data citra sentinel-2a yang pengolahannya dibantu dengan aplikasi Google Earth Engine (GEE). Pengolahan data dilakukan untuk menghasilkan beberapa variabel penelitian yaitu Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) mangrove, indeks kesehatan mangrove, dan hasil uji korelasi antara MHI lapang dengan MHI citra satelit. Hasil penelitian untuk jenis mangrove yang ditemukan pada muara sungai Ekang antara lain Rhizopora mucronata, Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, Avicennia alba, Lumnitzera racemosa, Xylocarpus granatum, dan Bruguiera gymnorhyza. Dominansi mangrove yang ditemukan yaitu jenis Rhizopora apiculata. Perhitungan indeks nilai penting dengan nilai tertinggi ditemukan pada mangrove jenis Rhizopora apiculata dengan sebesar 93.23%. Dari hasil analisis kesehatan mangrove yang didapatkan baik data lapang maupun citra satelit disimpulkan bahwa hutan mangrove di sungai Ekang masuk ke dalam kategori sedang atau cukup baik dengan kisaran nilai 44.74% - 80.56% dengan rata-rata 65.93%. Luasan mangrove health index yang didapatkan pada kategori sedang sebesar 138.245 ha. Pada perhitungan uji korelasi didapatkan nilai r sebesar 0,85 yang berarti MHI lapang dengan MHI citra satelit memiliki keeratan hubungan yang sangat kuat.
English Abstract
Mangrove ecosystems on small islands often face various challenges, including the impact of human activities that make destructive use of the surrounding mangrove ecosystens and natural factors such as global warming and natural disasters. Reducing the area and declining quality of mangrove ecosystem waters is a serious threat to an area whose population is very dependent on the resources in the mangrove ecosystem. There are many mangrove areas on Bintan island, one of which is in the Ekang watershed which has good potential for species siversity and is spread from upstream to the coast. In this study, it will be examined how the distribution of mangrove species, mangrove health index both using the field method and the help of secondary data from sentinel satellite imagery. The research was conducted from October 2021 to November 2021 in Ekang Anculai, Bintan regency, Riau Islands. The field data (primary) collection location is precisely in the watershed and coastal area of Ekang. Four station points were taken which were spread from the headwaters of the river to the river mouth. Field data collection begins with measurements of mangrove vegetation sush as stem diameter, mangrove density, mangrove diversity, mangrove species, and canopy cover. Then proceed with the measurement of water quality parameters, namely temperature, pH, and salinity. The secondary data used is sentinel-2a image data whose processing is assisted by the Google Earth Engine (GEE) application. Data processing was carried out to produce several research variables, namely the Mangrove Importtant Value and also the Mangrove Health Index. The types of mangroves in the Ekang watershed include Rhizopora mucronata, Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora stylosa, Sonneratia alba, Avicennia offisinalis, Lumnitzera racemosa, Xylocarpus granatum, Sonneratia caseolaris, dan Bruguiera gymnorhyza. The dominant type of mangrove found was Rhizopora apiculate, this is because R. apiculate mangrove has a suitable habitat if it is in a watershed. Water quality parameters for salinity ranged from =-19 pp, for temperatures ranging from 27-30 while pH ranged from 5-7. The calculation of the important value index was found to be highest in Rhizopora apiculate mangrove species with an INP value of 93.29%. analysis of mangrove health from field data and also satellite images found, it can be concluded that the mangrove forest in the Ekang river is in the sedang category or quite good with a range of values of 44.74% - 80.56% with an average of 65.93%. The area of mangrove health index in the sedang category was 138,245 ha. In the calculation of the correlation test, the value of r is 0.85 which means that field MHI and satellite imagery MHI have a very strong close relation.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0523080030 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Mangrove Health Index, INP, Google Earth Engine, sentinel-2. |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Jun 2023 06:59 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jun 2023 06:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200736 |
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