Muthi’ah, Hasna Nurul and Defri Yona,, S.Pi., M.Sc.Stud., D.Sc and M. Arif Zainul Fuad,, S.Kel., M.Sc (2022) Kajian Literatur: Dampak Pengasaman Laut Terhadap Karang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Perubahan iklim dapat berdampak buruk pada lingkungan serta organisme laut. Hal ini disebabkan akibat gas karbondioksida (CO2) yang semakin meningkat setiap tahun. Salah satu dampak perubahan iklim terhadap lingkungan yaitu terjadinya pengasaman laut. Pengasaman laut dapat memberikan dampak negatif terhadap ekosistem terumbu karang yaitu penurunan pertumbuhan dan kalsifikasi pada karang. Oleh karena itu kajian literatur ini dilakukan untuk menjelaskan lebih dalam mengenai dampak pengasaman laut terhadap ekosistem terumbu karang di dunia. Kajian literatur ini dilakukan menggunakan metode narrative review. Pengerjaan kajian literatur ini dilakukan dengan cara menentukan topik bahasan, pencarian pustaka berupa artikel jurnal elektronik, pemilihan pustaka berdasarkan topik bahasan, analisa pustaka, dan penulisan hasil pustaka. Berbagai sumber pustaka didapatkan dalam bentuk artikel jurnal elektronik diatas tahun 2012. Sumber pustaka didapatkan dari mesin pencari berupa Science Direct, Elsevier, Springer, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Online Library. Kajian literatur ini menggunakan sebanyak 110 artikel jurnal elektronik, dengan 17 artikel jurnal elektronik utama membahas mengenai pengasaman laut, dan 27 artikel jurnal eletronik utama membahas mengenai dampak pengasaman laut terhadap ekosistem karang, sedangkan 66 artikel jurnal elektronik lainnya merupakan artikel pendukung yang membahas perubahan iklim, proses kimia air laut, terumbu karang, serta beberapa gambar, definisi, atau pengertian lainnya. Penelitian mengenai pengasaman laut secara global banyak dilakukan di luar perairan Indonesia, sedangkan di wilayah perairan Indonesia belum banyak dilakukan. Jika dibandingkan penelitian pengasaman laut di perairan Indoneisa dan luar perairan Indonesia memiliki perbandingan 4:6, sedangkan penelitian di dunia mengenai pengasaman laut paling banyak dilakukan di The Great Barrier Reef, Australia. Pengasaman laut memiliki dampak negatif terhadap ekosistem terumbu karang karena dapat menurunkan tingkat kalsifikasi karang, namun hasil penelitian dapat memberikan hasil berbeda, tergantung dari spesies karang yang diteliti. Berdasarkan 27 jurnal dan artikel elektronik yang membahas dampak pengasaman laut terhadap terumbu karang, ditemukan 4 spesies karang yang umum ditelti, yaitu Pocillopora sp. (33%), Portites sp. (29%), Stylophora sp. (21%), Acropora sp. (17%). Berdasarkan kajian literatur ini, didapatkan hasil bahwa pengasaman laut dapat memberikan dampak berbeda terhadap masing-masing spesies karang. Pada karang Pocillopora sp. dan Porites sp. memiliki hasil kalsifikasi yang stabil pada kondisi perairan yang asam, sedangkan karang Stylophora sp. dan Acropora sp. memiliki penurunan pada tingkat kalsifikasi dan pertumbuhan ketika terjadi penurunan pH menjadi asam
English Abstract
Climate change can give bad impact to environment and marine organism. This is happened because of the increase of carbondioxide gas (CO2) every year. One of the impacts of climate change to the environment is Ocean acidification. Ocean acidification can give bad impacts to coral reefs ecosystem such as decrease of growth on coral skeleton and decrease in coral calcification rate. Therefore, this literature study was conducted to explain and discover more deeply about the impacts of ocean acidification on coral reefs ecosystem in the world. This literature study was conducted using narrative review methodology. The literature study was carried ot by defining the topic, finding and collecting literature type which is journals and electronic articles, selecting and reading literature, reviewing and analysing literature, and writing a literature study. Various studes were found as journals dan electronic articles with publications above 2012. Those journals and articles collected from search engine such as Science Direct, Elsevier, Springer, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Online Library. This literature study used 110 journals and electronic articles, which 17 journals and electronic articles being the main literature focusing on ocean acidification, 27 journals and electronic articles focusing on the impacts of ocean acidification on coral reefs ecosystem, and the remining 66 journals and electronic articles were supported literature talk about climate change, ocean chemistry, coral reefs, and few figure, definition, or other meanings. Study about ocean acidification in Indonesia is limited and not discovered yet. If there is comparison between study about ocean acidification in Indonesia archipelago and aoutside Indonesia archipellago, the comparison equals to 4:6, while there are more study outside Indonesia archipelago about ocean acidification in The Great Barrier Reefs, Australia. Ocean acidification can give bad impacts to coral reefs ecosystem, because it can decrease coral calcification rate, but the impacts can give different respon among coral species. According to 27 journals and articels focusing on impact of ocean acidification on coral reefs, found that 4 species were common to study, such as Pocillopora sp. (33%), Portites sp. (29%), Stylophora sp. (21%), Acropora sp. (17%). Based on those literatures, found out that ocean acidification gives different impacts on each coral species. On Pocillopora sp. and Porites sp. still maintained the calcification rate in acid water, while Stylophora sp. and Acropora sp. can not maintained the calcification rate, and decrease the coral growth on acid water because of small pH value.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522080400 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 29 May 2023 02:16 |
| Last Modified: | 29 May 2023 02:16 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200499 |
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