Nisak, Fahrun and Prof. Dr. Sc. Asep Awaludin Prihanto,, S.Pi., MP. (2022) Pengaruh Variasi Inokulum dan Lama Waktu Fermentasi Terhadap Kandungan Nutrisi Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) Sebagai Potensi Pangan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Hasil data pencatatan kependuduk pada tahun 2010 pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia mengalami kenaikan yang signifikan dari 1,45 persen pada periode 1990-2000 menjadi 1,49 persen pada periode 2000-2010. Meningkatnya jumlah penduduk di Indonesia disertai dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan bahan pokok yang akan dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Jenis tumbuhan yang dapat hidup dengan baik di Indonesia yaitu Kiambang (Salvinia molesta). Kandungan nutrisi yang ada pada Kiambang yaitu protein dengan presentase 15,9%, lemak 2,1%, serat 16,8%, βkarote sebesar 111,24 mg/kg serta vitamin C 3,20 mg/30 g. Masyarakat Indonesia telah lama mengenal produk fermentasi salah satu upaya untuk memperbaiki nilai nutrisi dan memperpanjang daya simpan pada Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) yaitu dengan melalu proses fermentasi. Fermentasi yaitu suatu teknik mengubah substrat organik secara kimiawi melalui aktivitas enzim yang diperoleh dari mikroorganisme. Jenis inokulum yang digunakan dalam penelitian proses fermentasi kali ini yaitu Saccharomyces cerevisiae dan Lactobacillus sp. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh proses fermentasi terhadap peningkatan kandungan nutrisi Salvinia molesta serta mengetahui spesies inokulum dan waktu yang paling optimal. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial dengan 2 faktor yaitu : faktor 1 perbedaan inokulum dan faktor 2 yaitu perbedaan lama fermentasi. terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dengan jumlah ulangan sebanyak 2 kali. Beberapa perlakuan yang dicoba pada proses fermentasi Salvinia molesta yaitu dengan tanpa penambahan inokulum, penambahan Saccharomyces cerevisiae, penambahan Lactobacillus sp. dan campuran dari keduanya (Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Lactobacillus sp.) serta lama waktu yang berbeda yaitu hari ke-0, hari ke-3 dan hari ke-7. Variabel bebas pada penelitian ini adalah penambahan inokulum dan lama waktu untuk fermentasi. Variabel terikat yaitu kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar karbohidrat, kadar air, kadar abu, warna dan pH. Data yang diperoleh dari penelitian selanjutnya dianalisis ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan terhadap respon parameter yang dilakukan dan jika didapatkan hasil yang berbeda nyata maka dilakukan uji Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf kepercayaan 5%. Hasil penelitian fermentasi Salvinia molesta menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan dengan penambahan variasi inokulum dan lama waktu yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap parameter sifat kimia yang meliputi kadar protein, kadar lemak, kadar karbohidrat, kadar air dan kadar abu. Hasil terbaik berdasarkan analisis proksimat pada parameter kadar protein didapatkan pada perlakuan Saccharomyces cerevisiae hari ke-3 yaitu sebesar 9,68%. Kadar lemak pada perlakuan campuran (Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Lactobacillus sp.) hari ke-3 sebesar 1,23%. Kadar karbohidrat perlakuan campuran (Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Lactobacillus sp.) hari ke-3 dengan sebesar 31,63%. Kadar air pada perlakuan tanpa penambahan inokulum hari ke-3 sebesar 55,79% dan kadar abu pada perlakuan tanpa penambahan inokulum hari ke-7 sebesar 10,59%.
English Abstract
The results of population registration data in 2010 saw a significant increase in Indonesia's population growth from 1.45 percent in the 1990-2000 period to 1.49 percent in the 2000-2010 period. The increase in population in Indonesia is accompanied by an increase in the need for basic commodities that will be consumed by the community. The type of plant that can live well in Indonesia is Kiambang (Salvinia molesta). The nutritional content in Kiambang is protein with a percentage of 15.9%, fat 2.1%, fiber 16.8%, β-karote at 111.24 mg/kg, and vitamin C 3.20 mg/30 g. Indonesian people have long been familiar with fermented products, one of the efforts to improve the nutritional value and extend the shelf life of Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) is through a fermentation process. Fermentation is a technique of chemically changing organic substrates through enzyme activity obtained from microorganisms. The types of inoculum used in this research of the fermentation process were Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus sp. This study aimed to determine the effect of the fermentation process on increasing the nutritional content of Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) and to determine the optimal inoculum species and time. The research was carried out using a completely randomized factorial design with 2 factors, namely: factor 1 was the difference in inoculum and, factor 2 was the difference in fermentation time. consisted of 4 treatments with 2 repetitions. Several treatments were tried in the Kiambang (Salvinia molesta) fermentation process, namely without the addition of inoculum, the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the addition of Lactobacillus sp. and, a mixture of the two (Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Lactobacillus sp.) and different lengths of time, namely day 0, day 3 and day 7. The independent variables in this study were the addition of inoculum and the length of time for fermentation. The dependent variable is protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, water content, ash content, color and, pH. The data obtained from the research was then analyzed by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to determine the effect of the treatment on the parameter responses carried out and if significantly different results were obtained, the Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed with a 5% confidence level. The results of the Salvinia molesta fermentation showed that the treatment with the addition of different inoculum variations and different lengths of time affected the chemical properties parameters which included protein content, fat content, carbohydrate content, water content, and ash content. The best results based on proximate analysis of protein content parameters were obtained on the 3rd day of Saccharomyces cerevisiae treatment, which was 9.68%. The fat content in the mixed treatment (Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Lactobacillus sp.) on the 3rd day was 1.23%. Carbohydrate content in the mixed treatment (Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Lactobacillus sp.) on the 3rd day was 31.63%. The water content without the addition of inoculum on the 3th day was 55.79% and the ash content in the treatment without the addition of inoculum on the 7rd day was 10.59%.
Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
---|---|
Identification Number: | 0522080386 |
Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.2 Commercial fishing, whaling, sealing |
Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Teknologi Hasil Perikanan |
Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
Date Deposited: | 26 May 2023 06:55 |
Last Modified: | 26 May 2023 06:55 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/200470 |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
FAHRUN NISAK.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2024. Download (2MB) |
Actions (login required)
View Item |