Salsabillah, Natasha Annuri and Nurdin,, S.H., M.Hum. and AAA Nanda Saraswati,, S.H., M.H. (2022) Perlindungan Terhadap Anak Diplomat Yang Memiliki Kekebalan Dari Kekerasan Dalam Hukum Internasional (Studi Kasus Kekerasan Anak Diplomat Di Inggris 2020). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Terjadi kasus kekerasan terhadap anak Diplomat yang dilakukan oleh Diplomat beserta istrinya di Inggris. Akibat dari kekerasan tersebut, anak-anak Diplomat memiliki banyak bekas luka, kesehatan psikis terganggu, bahkan ada rasa enggan untuk tinggal kembali bersama kedua orang tua mereka. Ayah dari anak-anak tersebut merupakan Diplomat yang memiliki kekebalan diplomatik akibat pekerjaannya. Maka dari itu, Diplomat kebal terhadap yurisdiksi sipil, kriminal, maupun administrasi sesuai pasal 31 ayat (1) Konvensi Wina 1961. Atas dasar hal tersebut, maka terdapat 2 (dua) rumusan masalah yang dapat dikemukakan, yaitu (1) Bagaimana perlindungan terhadap anak diplomat yang memiliki kekebalan dalam hukum internasional kasus kekerasan di Inggris 2020? (2) Bagaimana praktik-praktik negara dalam menghadapi kasus kekerasan terhadap anak diplomat yang memiliki kekebalan? Untuk menjawab rumusan masalah, penulis menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan metode pendekatan statute Approach dan case approach. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan pembahasan sesuai dengan rumusan masalah dan metode yang digunakan, adanya kekebalan yang dimiliki Diplomat dan rumah kediamannya menghambat adanya perlindungan yang dilakukan receiving state. Perlu adanya pencabutan kekebalan agar perlindungan dalam konteks perintah pengasuhan dapat dilaksanakan. Tindakan persona non grata sebagai last resort dilakukan akibat adanya penolakan negara X untuk mencabut kekebalan Diplomat dan keluarga. Diplomat beserta istri dan kedua anaknya (S dan G) kembali ke negaranya dan mendapatkan perlindungan, sedangkan empat anak lainnya (N,A,D,E) mencari suaka di Inggris. Mengenai praktik-praktik negara dalam menghadapi kasus kekerasan terhadap anak Diplomat, mayoritas receiving state mengajukan care order kepada pengadilan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam praktiknya perlindungan anak lebih diutamakan daripada kekebalan diplomatik. Meskipun demikian, care order akan ditolak karena adanya kekebalan yurisdiksi receiving state sesuai pasal 31 ayat (1) Konvensi Wina 1961. Oleh karena itu, persona non grata menjadi salah satu opsi yang sering digunakan negara untuk mencabut kekebalan Diplomat sesuai dengan pasal 9 Konvensi Wina 1961. Setelah kekebalan dicabut, Diplomat beserta anak akan kembali ke negara asalnya dan perlindungan anak dilakukan oleh receiving state.
English Abstract
Violence against a child of a diplomat committed by a diplomat and his wife took place in England. As a result of the violence, the Diplomat’s children have many scars, their mental health are disturbed, and there is even a reluctance to live with their parents again. The father of the children is a diplomat who has diplomatic immunity due to his work. Therefore, dilplomat enjoy immunity from the criminal jurisdiction of the receiving state under article 31 paragraph (1) of the 1961 Vienna Convention. Departing from this issue, there are 2 (two) problem formulations that can be put forward, (1) How is the protection of diplomat’s children who have immunity in international law cases of violence in the UK 2020? (2) What are the state practices in dealing with cases of violence against children of diplomats who have immunity? To answer the formulations of the problem, the author uses a type of normative juridical law research with a statute approach and a case approach. Based on the results of the analysis and discussion by the formulations of the problem and the method used, the immunity possessed by the Diplomat and his residence hinders the protection carried out by the receiving state. It is necessary to revoke immunity so that protection in the context of a care order can be implemented. The act of persona non grata as a last resort was carried out due to the refusal of X state to revoke the immunity of diplomats and their families. The diplomat along with his wife and two children (S and G) returned to their state and received protection, while four other children (N,A,D,E) sought asylum in England. Based on similar cases taking place earlier, the majority of receiving state always submit care orders to the court. This measure indicates that child protection is the main interest over diplomatic immunity. However, a care order can be rejected due to jurisdiction immunity of the receiving state according to Article 31 paragraph (1) of the Vienna Convention 1961. Therefore, persona non grata can be an option to recall the immunity of a diplomat and his/her child. This practice is in line with Article 9 of the Vienna Convention 1961. Upon the revocation of the immunity, the diplomat and the son will be sent back to their home country and the protection will be given by the receiving state.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522010130 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 340 Law |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Ilmu Hukum |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 May 2023 07:40 |
| Last Modified: | 10 May 2023 07:40 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/199259 |
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