Nurdin, Nuramalia and Prof. Dr. Ir. Didik Hariyono, (2022) Kajian Unsur Iklim (Curah Hujan) Terhadap Produktivitas Tanaman Kemiri (Aleurites Moluccana L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kemiri merupakan salah satu kelompok tanaman tahunan dan termasuk dalam tumbuhan hutan yang memiliki fungsi ekologi dalam perbaikan lingkungan hutan, selain itu tanaman kemiri juga dapat mendukung dalam peningkatan ekonomi alternatif bagi masyarakat. Salah satu daerah budidaya kemiri di Indonesia yaitu Sulawesi Selatan tepatnya di Kabupaten Maros. Kabupaten Maros merupakan sentra produksi kemiri terbesar dengan kualitas terbaik di Indonesia. Menurut BPS (2019), produksi kemiri di Kabupaten Maros pada tahun 2018 sebesar 949 ton per tahun, terdapat tiga kecamatan yang memiliki tingkat produksi kemiri tertinggi yakni Kecamatan Camba sebesar 750 ton per tahun, Kecamatan Cenrana sebesar 188 ton per tahun dan Kecamatan Mallawa yakni sebesar 1136 ton per tahun. Produktivitas tanaman kemiri dipengaruhi oleh bebarapa faktor, salah satunya yaitu faktor iklim. Kondisi iklim sangat memegang peranan penting karena dapat mempengaruhi potensi produksi. Variabilitas iklim yang dapat berdampak terhadap pertumbuhan kemiri adalah cekaman kekeringan dan cekaman kelebihan air diantaranya yaitu intensitas curah hujan, hari hujan, bulan basah, bulan kering dan bulan lembab). Produktivitas kemiri juga sangat bergantung pada komposisi umur tanaman, semakin tua umur tanaman maka semakin rendah produktivitasnya. Kondisi iklim curah hujan dan umur tanaman merupakan penyebab utama terjadinya fluktuasi terhadap produksi tanaman kemiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh unsur iklim (curah hujan) terhadap produktivitas tanaman kemiri (Aleurites moluccana L.). Hipotesis dari penelitian ini adalah unsur iklim (curah hujan) berpengaruh terhadap produktivitas tanaman kemiri (Aleurites moluccana L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Juni 2022, berlokasi di Kabupaten Maros – Sulawesi Selatan. Lokasi penelitian difokuskan pada tiga kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Cenrana, Camba dan Mallawa. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu kuisioner, alat tulis, kamera, aplikasi Microsoft Office Excel dan IBM SPSS Statistik 25. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data sekunder berupa data curah hujan bulanan dan curah hujan harian tahun 2009-2018 yang didapatkan dari World Weather Online, serta data produktivitas kemiri kabupaten Maros tahun 2009-2018 didapatkan dari Dinas Pertanian dan Ketahanan Pangan Kabupaten Maros dan data primer berupa hasil wawancara dengan kuisioner kepada 36 responden petani tanaman kemiri di 3 kecamatan yaitu Kecamatan Cenrana, Camba dan Mallawa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Data curah hujan dan produktivitas dianalisis dengan bantuan Microsoft Office Excel. Setelah dianalisis dilakukan pengujian korelasi dan regresi dengan bantuan software IBM SPSS Statistik 25. Uji Korelasi digunakan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara unsur iklim curah hujan dengan produktivitas kemiri. Uji regresi dilakukan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar pengaruh unsur iklim curah hujan terhadap produktivitas kemiri. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilaksanakan, hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai koefisien korelasi Intensitas curah hujan, hari hujan, ii bulan basah dan bulan kering memiliki pengaruh terhadap produktivitas tanaman kemiri di Kecamatan Cenrana, di Kecamatan Camba intensitas curah hujan, hari hujan dan bulan kering memiliki pengaruh terhadap produktivitas tanaman kemiri, sedangkan di Kecamatan Mallawa hanya intensitas curah hujan yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap produktivitas tanaman kemiri. Pengaruh Intensitas curah hujan, hari hujan, jumlah bulan basah dan jumlah bulan kering terhadap produktivitas kemiri di Kecamatan Cenrana sebesar 76,2% dan di Kecamatan Camba pengaruh intensitas curah hujan, hari hujan dan jumlah bulan kering sebesar 70,9%, sedangkan di Kecamatan Mallawa pengaruh intensitas curah hujan sebesar 34,5%, hal ini ditunjukkan dengan persamaan regresi produktivitas kemiri. Peningkatan jumlah bulan kering berpengaruh terhadap penurunan produktivitas tanaman kemiri di Kecamatan Camba. Sedangkan peningkatan intensitas curah hujan berpengaruh terhadap penurunan produktivitas tanaman kemiri di Kecamatan Mallawa.
English Abstract
Candlenut is one of the annual plant groups and is included in forest plants that have an ecological function in improving the forest environment, besides that, candlenut plants can also support alternative economic improvements for the community. One of the candlenut cultivation areas in Indonesia, namely South Sulawesi, precisely in Maros Regency. Maros Regency is the largest candlenut production center with the best quality in Indonesia. According to BPS (2019), candlenut production in Maros Regency in 2018 was 949 tons per year, there are three sub-districts that have the highest candlenut production level, namely Camba District at 750 tons per year, Cenrana District at 188 tons per year and Mallawa District at 750 tons per year. 1136 tons per year. Candlenut plant productivity is influenced by several factors, one of which is climatic factors. Climatic conditions play an important role because they can affect production potential. Climate variability that can have an impact on the growth of candlenut is drought stress and excess water stress including rainfall intensity, rainy days, wet months, dry months and humid months). Candlenut productivity is also very dependent on the composition of the age of the plant, the older the plant, the lower the productivity. Climatic conditions of rainfall and plant age are the main causes of fluctuations in candlenut production. This study aims to study the effect of climate elements (rainfall) on the productivity of candlenut (Aleurites moluccana L.). The hypothesis of this research is that climate elements (rainfall) affect the productivity of candlenut plant (Aleurites moluccana L.). The research conducted in April - Juni 2022, located in Maros Regency – South Sulawesi. The research location is focused on three sub-districts, namely Cenrana, Camba and Mallawa districts. The tools used in this study were questionnaires, stationery, cameras, Microsoft Office Excel applications and IBM SPSS Statistics 25. The materials used in this study were secondary data in the form of monthly rainfall data and daily rainfall data for 2009-2018 obtained from World Weather Online, as well as productivity data of candlenut Maros district in 2009- 2018 were obtained from the Department of Agriculture and Food Security of Maros Regency and primary data in the form of interviews with questionnaires to 36 respondents of candlenut farmers in 3 sub-districts namely Cenrana, Camba and Mallawa Districts. The research method used is a survey method. Rainfall and productivity data are analyzed with the help of Microsoft Office Excel. After being analyzed, correlation and regression tests were carried out with the help of IBM SPSS Statistics 25 software. Correlation test was used to determine the relationship between rainfall climate elements and candlenut productivity. Regression test was carried out to find out how much influence the climate element of rainfall had on the productivity of candlenut. Based on the research that has been carried out, the results of the correlation analysis show that the correlation coefficient value Rainfall intensity, rainy days, wet months and dry months have an influence on the productivity of candlenut plants in Cenrana District, in Camba District the intensity of rainfall, rainy days and dry months have an influence on the productivity of candlenut plants, whereas in iv Mallawa District only rainfall intensity had an influence on the productivity of candlenut plants. The effect of rainfall intensity, rainy days, the number of wet months and the number of dry months on the productivity of candlenuts in Cenrana District is 76.2% and in Camba District the effect of rainfall intensity, rainy days and the number of dry months is 70.9%, while in In Mallawa, the effect of rainfall intensity is 34.5%, this is indicated by the regression equation of candlenut productivity. An increase in the number of dry months has an effect on a decrease in the productivity of candlenut plants in Camba District. Meanwhile, the increase in rainfall intensity affected the decrease in the productivity of candlenut plants in Mallawa District
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040474 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Apr 2023 01:20 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Apr 2023 01:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/198110 |
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