Rohmawati, Alta Octavia and Dr. Noer Rahmi Ardiarini, (2022) Hubungan Kekerabatan Tanaman Porang (Amorphophallus Muelleri Blume) Di Kabupaten Ponorogo. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Porang merupakan salah satu tumbuhan endemik dari Amorphophallus. Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) banyak tumbuh di hutan-hutan pulau Jawa, karena memiliki toleransi terhadap naungan sehingga mampu tumbuh dengan baik di bawah tegakan tanaman hutan. Tanaman porang menghasilkan umbi yang memiliki prospek tinggi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia. Porang mengandung glukomannan yang tinggi yaitu mencapai 65%, namun juga mengandung kalsium oksalat yang menyebabkan rasa gatal. Keberadaan plasma nutfah juga perlu diperhatikan agar bahan baku untuk pengembangan pertanian selalu tersedia. Kekayaan plasma nutfah Amorphophallus yang berada di Indonesia cukup banyak, namun belum banyak memperoleh perhatian dan penanganan dengan maksimal, serta belum banyak dimanfaatkan dalam pemuliaan tanaman. Tanaman porang memiliki keragaman yang cukup sempit karena memiliki banyak kemiripan karakter morfologi. Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya, kemiripan karakter morfologi tanaman porang perlu diamati lebih lanjut untuk mengetahui keragaman tanaman porang pada saat ini. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan hubungan kekerabatan tanaman porang di Kabupaten Ponorogo berdasarkan karakter morfologi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan mulai bulan Maret hingga Juli 2022 di wilayah Kabupaten Ponorogo. Alat yang digunakan yaitu cangkul, rol meter, jangka sorong, panduan deskriptor tanaman porang, alat tulis, Leaf Color Chart, kamera, penggaris, termometer, timbangan analitik. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah sampel tanaman porang yang berada di lokasi penelitian. Penelitian ini menggunakan informan kunci dan informan yang lain yang dapat memberikan informasi terkait tanaman porang dan keberadaan tanaman porang. Informan lainnya didapatkan menggunakan teknik snowball sampling. Pengamatan sampel meliputi karakter morfologi yaitu karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif dari karakter tangkai, daun, bulbil, dan umbi. Analisis data dilakukan dengan mentransformasikan data menjadi data biner dan hubungan kekerabatan dianalisis dengan metode Unweight Pair Group with Arithmatic Average (UPGMA) menggunakan software XLTAT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman porang berdasarkan karakter morfologi memiliki tingkat keragaman yang rendah dan memiliki kemiripan pada karakter morfologi yang tinggi. Analisis hubungan kekerabatan pada 11 sampel tanaman porang di Kabupaten Ponorogo menunjukkan kekerabatan yang dekat dengan koefisien kemiripan sebesar 0,60-0,84. Berdasarkan analisis kluster yang ditampilkan dalam dendogram, terdapat 4 kluster utama yang terdiri dari kluster pertama yaitu P3 (Desa Banaran), P2 (Desa Bedrug), dan P4 (Desa Pulung), kluster kedua antara lain B2 (Desa Talun), dan B4 (Desa Wagir Lor), kluster ketiga terdiri dari P1 (Desa Bekiring), dan B1 (Desa Pupus), dan kluster keempat yaitu N1 (Desa Selur), N2 (Desa Ngrayun), N3 (Desa Temon), dan B3 (Desa Gondowido)
English Abstract
Porang is one of the endemic plants of Amorphophallus. Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) grows a lot in the forests of the island of Java, because it has tolerance for shade so that it can grow well under forest plantation stands. Porang plants produce tubers that have high prospects for development in Indonesia. Porang contains high glucomannan which reaches 65%, but also contains calcium oxalate which causes itching. The presence of germplasm also needs to be considered so that raw materials for agricultural development are always available. The wealth of Amorphophallus germplasm in Indonesia is quite a lot, but it has not received much attention and optimal handling, and has not been widely used in plant breeding. Porang plants have a fairly narrow diversity because they have many similarities in morphological characters. Based on previous research, the similarity of the morphological characters of porang plants needs to be observed further to determine the diversity of porang plants at this time. The purpose of this study was to obtain the relationship between porang plants in Ponorogo district based on morphological characters. This research was conducted from March to July 2022 in the Ponorogo Regencies. The tools used were hoe, roller meter, caliper, porang plant descriptor guide, stationery, Leaf Color Chart, camera, ruler, analytical scale. The material used in this study was a sample of porang plants at the research site. This study uses key informants and other informants who can provide information related to the porang plant and the existence of the porang plant. Other informants were obtained using the snowball sampling technique. Observations of the sample included morphological characters, namely qualitative and quantitative characters of the stalk, leaf, bulbil, and tuber characters. Data analysis was performed by transforming the data into binary data and genetic relationship was analyzed using the Unweight Pair Group with Arithmatic Average (UPGMA) method using XLSTAT software. The results showed that porang plants based on morphological characters had a low level of diversity and had high similarities in morphological characters. Analysis of kinship in 11 samples of porang plants in Ponorogo Regency showed a close relationship with a similarity coefficient of 0.60-0.84. Based on the cluster analysis shown in the dendogram, there are 4 main clusters consisting of the first cluster, namely P3 (Banaran Village), P2 (Bedrug Village), and P4 (Pulung Village), the second cluster includes B2 (Talun Village), and B4 (Talun Village). Wagir Lor Village), the third cluster consists of P1 (Bekiring Village), and B1 (Pupus Village), and the fourth cluster is N1 (Selur Village), N2 (Ngrayun Village), N3 (Temon Village), and B3 (Gondowido Village)
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040353 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Mar 2023 07:05 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Mar 2023 07:05 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/197651 |
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