Riaziz, Muhammad Ardani and Agustin Krisna Wardani,, PhD. and Irnia Nurika,, STP, MP, PhD (2022) Optimasi Produksi Bioetanol dari Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Proses Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah industri kelapa sawit yang dihasilkan dari produksi minyak sawit dan memiliki kandungan lignoselulosa yang tinggi. Salah satu komponen yang paling dominan pada lignoselulosa tandan kosong kelapa sawit adalah selulosa. Selulosa merupakan komponen TKKS tertinggi yang dapat diubah menjadi bioetanol. Selulosa yang terkandung dalam TKKS diperkirakan dapat mencapai 38,76%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai substrate loading, suhu, dan waktu fermentasi optimal pada metode SSF dari TKKS hasil pretreatment dalam menghasilkan etanol tertinggi. Salah satu metode untuk mengonversi selulosa menjadi bioetanol adalah metode Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF). SSF adalah metode di mana hidrolisis enzimatik dan fermentasi dilakukan secara bersamaan dalam reaktor yang sama. Agen pengonversi yang digunakan dalam metode SSF yakni enzim selulase, β-glukosidase, dan kultur Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Faktor yang digunakan untuk mencari nilai optimasi yakni substrate loading (6,67-10%), suhu (32-40oC), dan waktu fermentasi (24-72 jam). Respons yang diukur yakni kadar etanol dan glukosa. Proses ini akan dibantu menggunakan Metode Central Composite Design (CCD) berdasarkan Response Surface Methodology (RSM) pada aplikasi Design Expert 12 untuk memudahkan perancangan perlakuan terhadap faktor-faktor yang digunakan dan mendapatkan nilai optimasi yang sesuai. Data yang diperoleh dari RSM divalidasi menggunakan Minitab 19 untuk memvalidasi nilai aktual terhadap nilai prediksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kondisi optimal dihasilkan kadar glukosa dan etanol maksimal adalah substrate loading 10%, suhu 37,498oC, dan waktu fermentasi 48,582 jam. Konsentrasi glukosa dan etanol optimal yakni 1,666 μg/ml dan 0,633%. Analisis validasi menggunakan uji-t berpasangan. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa nilai-P pada kadar glukosa (0,74) dan etanol (0,775) di atas 0,05. Nilai-P tersebut dapat diinterpretasikan bahwa kadar glukosa dan etanol tidak berbeda nyata terhadap nilai prediksi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model sesuai untuk optimasi produksi bioetanol.
English Abstract
Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFBs) are palm oil industrial waste produced from palm oil production and have high lignocellulosic content. One of the most dominant components of lignocellulose in oil palm empty fruit bunches is cellulose. Cellulose is the highest OPEFBs component that can be converted into bioethanol. Cellulose contained in OPEFBs is estimated to reach 38.76%. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal value of substrate loading, temperature, and fermentation time on the SSF method of pretreatment OPEFB in producing the highest ethanol. One method to convert cellulose into bioethanol is the Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) method. SSF is a method in which enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation are carried out simultaneously in the same reactor. The converting agents used in the SSF method are cellulase enzymes, β-glucosidase, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures. The factors used to find the optimization value are substrate loading (6,67-10%), temperature (32 – 40oC), and fermentation time (24 – 72 hours). The responses measured were ethanol and glucose concentration. This process will be assisted by using the Central Composite Design (CCD) method based on Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in the Design Expert 12 to facilitate the design of treatment for the factors used and obtain the appropriate optimization value. The data obtained from RSM was validated using Minitab 19 to validate the actual value against the prediction. The results showed that the optimal conditions produced by maximum glucose and ethanol levels were 10% substrate loading, 37.498oC temperature, and 48,582 hours of fermentation time. The optimal concentrations of glucose and ethanol were 1.666 μg/ml and 0.633%, respectively. Validation analysis using paired t-test. The validation results showed that the P-value at glucose (0.74) and ethanol (0.775) concentration was above 0.05. The P-value can be interpreted that glucose and ethanol concentration are not significantly different from the predicted value. This indicates that the model is suitable for optimization of bioethanol production.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522100401 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bioetanol, Response Surface Methodology, Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit,Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches, Bioethanol, Simultaneous Saccharification Fermentation, Response Surface Methodology |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Feb 2023 01:54 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Feb 2023 01:54 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/197190 |
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