Muhammad, Alif Almer and Prof. Dr. Ir. Bambang Guritno, - (2022) Pengaruh Varietas dan Konsentrasi Nutrisi terhadapPertumbuhan dan Hasil Selada Merah (Lactuca sativa L.) Menggunakan Hidroponik Sistem Sumbu. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Hidroponik merupakan kegiatan budidaya tanaman tanpa menggunakan tanah di dalam prosesnya. Kegiatan budidaya secara hidroponik dapat dilakukan di lahan sempit, sehingga dapat dijadikan alternatif untuk turut serta mengatasi masalah lahan terbatas seperti yang biasa terjadi pada wilayah perkotaan. Terdapat berbagai sistem dalam melakukan budidaya secara hidroponik, salah satunya adalah hidroponik sistem sumbu (wick system). Sistem sumbu merupakan salah satu metode hidroponik yang memanfaatkan sumbu untuk mengalirkan larutan nutrisi ke media tanam. Salah satu tanaman yang cocok dibudidayakan dengan menggunakan hidroponik sistem sumbu adalah selada merah. Selada merah merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman hortikultura dengan nilai komersial yang cukup baik. Permintaan pasar akan komoditas selada merah semakin meningkat seiring dengan terus bertambahnya jumlah penduduk. Diperlukan usaha-usaha pengembangan teknologi dalam budidaya seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk yang membuat permintaan terhadap selada merah terus meningkat. Tanaman yang dibudidayakan secara hidroponik harus diberikan nutrisi dengan dosis yang tepat. Larutan nutrisi tepat dosis dan berimbang yang diberikan akan mendukung pertumbuhan tanaman dengan baik. Selain dosis nutrisi, pemilihan varietas juga menentukan hasil produksi tanaman yang dibudidayakan secara hidroponik. Salah satu faktor penentu produksi, baik dari segi kualitas maupun kuantitas, yaitu sifat genetik yang dibawa oleh tanaman dan adaptasi tanaman terhadap lingkungan. Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di Greenhouse Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Jawa Timur pada bulan Desember 2021 hingga Februari 2022. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu bak tanam plastik dengan ukuran 39 cm x 31 cm x 14 cm, nampan semai, styrofoam dengan sembilan lubang tanam, media tanam rockwool, netpot, kain flanel, gelas ukur, penggaris, timbangan digital, TDS meter, pH meter, Leaf Area Meter (LAM), klorofil meter SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), alat suntik plastik, sikat gigi, ember, gayung, pengaduk, kamera, dan alat tulis. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu nutrisi AB Mix, pH up, pH down, serta benih selada merah varietas Red Rapid, dan New Red Fire. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu konsentrasi nutrisi dan faktor kedua yaitu varietas. Terdapat 10 kombinasi perlakuan dalam penelitian ini, yang masing-masing diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Kombinasi perlakuan terdiri dari V1N1 = Varietas pengamatan meliputi panjang tanaman, jumlah daun, lebar tajuk, luas daun, berat segar total, berat segar konsumsi, panjang akar, kadar air, dan kandungan klorofil. Analisis data terhadap data pengamatan yang diperoleh dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis ragam atau uji F pada taraf 5%. Jika hasilnya berpengaruh nyata, maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh interksi antara perlakuan varietas dan konsentrsi nutrisi tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata baik terhadap parameter pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman selada merah. Perlakuan varietas menunjukan pengaruh nyata terhadap parameter panjang tanaman dan jumlah daun. Perlakuan varietas red rapid dan pemberian konsentrasi nutrisi sebesar 1000-1500 ppm memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap parameter pertumbuhan secara keseluruhan. Pada pengamatan hasil, perlakuan varietas memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap parameter kadar air, berat konsumsi, berat total, kandungan klorofil, dan luas daun. Di mana varietas red rapid memberikan hasil tertinggi. Sedangkan perlakuan konsentrasi nutrisi memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap parameter kadar air. Di mana konsentrasi nutrisi 1000 ppm memiliki hasil tertinggi.
English Abstract
Hydroponic is an activity of cultivating plants without using soil in the process. Hydroponic cultivation activities can be carried out on narrow land, so that it can be used as an alternative to participate in overcoming the problem of limited land as is common in urban areas. There are various systems in hydroponic cultivation, one of which is the wick system. The wick system is a hydroponic method that utilizes the wick to drain the nutrient solution into the growing media. One of the plants that are suitable for wick system hydroponic is red lettuce. Red lettuce is one of the horticultural crops with good commercial value. The demand for red lettuce is increasing along with the growth of population. Agricultural technology development is necessary due to red lettuce demand that continues to increase. Plants that are cultivated using hydroponic method must be given the right dose of nutrients. The right dose and balanced nutrient solution will support plant growth properly. In addition, the selection of varieties also determines the yield of plants that are cultivated using hydroponic method. One of the determinants of production, both in terms of quality and quantity, is the genetic carried by the plant and the adaptation of the plant to the environment. This research was held at the Greenhouse of the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University, Malang, East Java from December 2021 to February 2022. The tools used in this research are plastic planting tubs with a size of 39 cm x 31 cm x 14 cm, seedling trays, styrofoam with nine planting holes, rockwool planting media, netpot, flannel, measuring cup, ruler, digital scale, TDS meter, pH meter, Leaf Area Meter (LAM), chlorophyll meter SPAD (Soil Plant Analysis Development), plastic syringe, toothbrush, bucket, dipper, stirrer, camera, and stationery. The materials used in this study were AB Mix nutrition, pH up, pH down, and Red Rapid and New Red Fire lettuce seeds varieties. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RAK) which consisted of two factors. The first factor is the concentration of nutrients and the second factor is the variety. There were 10 treatment combinations in this study, each of which was repeated three times. The treatment combination consisted of V1N1 = Red Rapid variety + 500 ppm nutrient concentration, V1N2 = Red Rapid variety + 750 ppm nutrient concentration, V1N3 = Red Rapid variety + 1000 ppm nutrient concentration, V1N4 = Red Rapid variety + 1250 ppm nutrient concentration, V1N5 = Red Rapid variety + 1500 ppm nutrient concentration, V2N1 = New Red Fire variety + 500 ppm nutrient concentration, V2N2 = New Red Fire variety + 750 ppm nutrient concentration, V2N3 = New Red Fire variety + 1000 ppm nutrient concentration, V2N4 = New Red variety Fire + 1250 ppm nutrient concentration, and V2N5 = New Red Fire variety + 1500 ppm nutrient concentration. Parameters that were observed included plant length, number of leaves, canopy width, leaf area, total fresh weight, consumption fresh weight, root length, water content, and chlorophyll content. The data was analyzed using analysis of variance or F test at the 5% level. If the results have a significant effect, then a further test was carried out with the Least Significant Difference (BNT) test at the 5% level. From the results of the research, it was found that the interaction between variety and nutrient concentration did not have a significant effect on both growth parameters and yields of red lettuce. The treatment of varieties showed a significant effect on the parameters of plant length and number of leaves. The red rapid variety and the nutrient concentration of 1000-1500 ppm gave the best results for the overall growth parameters. In the observation of the yields, the treatment of variety had a significant effect on the parameters of water content, consumption fresh weight, total fresh weight, chlorophyll content, and leaf area. The red rapid variety gives the highest yield of red lettuce. Meanwhile, the nutrient concentration treatment had a significant effect on the water content parameters. The nutrient concentration of 1000 ppm has the highest yield of red lettuce.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040329 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Jan 2023 07:13 |
| Last Modified: | 18 Jan 2023 05:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196666 |
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