Rianti, Putri Setya and 19551018 198601 2 001 (2022) Keanekaragaman Dan Kelimpahan Hama Pascapanen Di Gudang Beras Perum Bulog Kantor Cabang Cianjur. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Hama pascapanen merupakan binatang yang aktivitasnya dapat menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas bahan pangan yang disimpan. Serangga hama pascapanen memiliki kemampuan untuk menyesuaikan diri di lingkungan gudang. Kondisi gudang dengan berbagai sumber infestasi dapat mengundang keberadaan berbagai spesies hama pascapanen dan mengakibatkan semakin beragamnya spesies serangga hama pascapanen. Selain itu penyimpanan beras dalam kurun waktu yang lama dapat mempengaruhi keanekaragaman dan fluktuasi populasi hama pascapanen di gudang. Beberapa hama penting yang sering menginfestasi beras di gudang yaitu Sitophilus oryzae, Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Carpophilus dimidiatus, Sitotroga cerealella, dan spesies dari Psocids. Pengendalian secara kimiawi melalui fumigasi memiliki banyak dampak negatif. Oleh sebab itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai keanekaragaman serangga hama pascapanen di gudang beras untuk mendapatkan informasi mengenai berbagai spesies hama pascapanen sehingga hasilnya dapat dijadikan sebagai dasar monitoring dan pengambilan keputusan pengendalian yang tepat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di gudang beras milik Perum Bulog Kantor Cabang (Kancab) Cianjur, di Gudang Semi Permanen (GSP) Bojong Herang, Kabupaten Cianjur, Jawa Barat pada bulan Januari sampai dengan April 2022. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel beras dan pemasangan perangkap yang dilakukan setiap minggu selama 10 kali pengamatan. Sampel beras yang diambil pada stapel dan ceceran beras di lantai gudang setiap kali pengamatan adalah 100 g. Perangkap yang dipasang terdiri dari perangkap cahaya ultraviolet (light traps), perangkap lekat kuning (yellow sticky traps), perangkap jatuhan (pitfall traps), perangkap umpan (bait traps), dan perangkap kubah (dome traps). Serangga yang didapatkan dari hasil pengambilan sampel beras dan pemerangkapan diidentifikasi dan dihitung populasinya. Setelah itu dilakukan analisis keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan menggunakan perangkat lunak R statistics versi 4.2.0. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) adalah 0,15 yang berarti bahwa keanekaragaman hama pascapanen di gudang beras rendah dan ekosistem gudang tidak stabil. Terdapat tujuh spesies serangga hama yang ditemukan yaitu Sitophilus oryzae, Rhyzopertha dominica, Tribolium castaneum, Alphitobius laevigatus, Cryptolestes pusillus, Cadra cautella, dan Liposcelis sp.. Nilai Indeks Dominansi (D) termasuk kategori tinggi dengan nilai 0,94 yang berarti bahwa terdapat spesies yang mendominasi yaitu Liposcelis sp.. Kelimpahan hama pascapanen berfluktuasi dari pengamatan minggu pertama sampai minggu terakhir. Populasi hama pascapanen dari tinggi ke rendah secara berturut-turut adalah Liposcelis sp., T. castaneum, C. cautella, R. dominica, C. pusillus, S. oryzae, dan A. laevigatus
English Abstract
Stored product pests are insects whose activities can reduce the quality and quantity of stored product. Stored product pests have the ability to adapt in a storage environment. Storage conditions with various sources of infestation can invite the presence of various stored product pest species and result in more diversity of stored product pest insect species. In addition, rice storage for a long period of time can affect the diversity and fluctuation of stored product pest populations in storage. Some important pests that are often found infesting rice in storage are S. oryzae, R. dominica, T. castaneum, O. surinamensis, C. ferrugineus, C. dimidiatus, S. cerealella, and species of Psocids. Chemical control through fumigation activities has many negative impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on the diversity of stored product insect pests in rice storage to obtain information about various types of stored product pest species so that the results can be used as a basis for monitoring and making appropriate control decisions. The research was carried out in a rice storage belonging to Perum Bulog Branch Office Cianjur, at the Bojong Herang Semi Permanent Storage, Cianjur Regency, West Java from January to April 2022. The study was conducted by taking rice samples and setting traps every week for 10 observations. The sample of rice taken from the staple and the scattered rice on the storage floor every time it was observed was 100 g. The traps installed consist of ultraviolet light traps, yellow sticky traps, pitfall traps, bait traps, and dome traps. Insects obtained from the results of rice sampling and trapping were identified and their population calculated. After that, analysis of diversity and abundance was carried out using R statistics software version 4.2.0. The results showed that the value of the Diversity Index (H') was 0,15, which means that the diversity of stored product pests in rice storage is low and the storage ecosystem is unstable. There were seven species of insect pests found, namely S. oryzae, R. dominica, T. castaneum, A. laevigatus, C. pusillus, C. cautella, and Liposcelis sp.. The value of the Dominance Index (D) is in the high category with a value of 0,94 which means that there is a species that dominates, namely Liposcelis sp.. The abundance of stored product pests fluctuated from the first week to the last week of observations. The stored product pest populations from high to low were Liposcelis sp., T. castaneum, C. cautella, R. dominica, C. pusillus, S. oryzae, and A. laevigatus
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040280 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2023 02:25 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jan 2023 02:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196574 |
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