Wardhani, Agustania Sabtagiza and Dr.Ir. Bambang Susilo, M.Sc.Agr. and Dr.M. Bagus Hermanto, STP, M.Sc (2022) Perancangan Instalasi Distilasi Pertama Pabrik Bioetanol Berkapasitas 4000 Liter Perhari dengan Bahan Dasar Molase. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bioetanol merupakan sumber energi alternatif pengganti bahan bakar yang berasal dari tumbuhan melalui proses fermentasi. Namun, jumlah pabrik bioetanol di Indonesia masih tergolong sedikit. Tujuan desain teknologi ini yaitu merancang pabrik bioetanol dan tata letak produksi bioetanol dengan bahan baku molase, menghitung neraca massa dan neraca panas pada perancangan instalasi distilasi pertama pabrik bioetanol, serta menganalisis aspek ekonomi pada perancangan instalasi distilasi pertama pabrik bioetanol berkapasitas 4000 liter perhari dengan bahan dasar molase. Metode desain teknologi yang digunakan yaitu menentukan spesifikasi alat yang digunakan dengan melakukan perhitungan dimensi. Penentuan lokasi pabrik menggunakan metode Center of Gravity. Perhitungan neraca massa dengan melakukan perhitungan kuantitatif dari semua bahan yang masuk, keluar, yang terakumulasi, serta yang terbuang dalam sistem neraca massa. Perhitungan neraca panas yang didasarkan pada hukum termodinamika. Perhitungan analisis kelayakan ekonomi yang meliputi modal, biaya tetap, biaya variabel, HPP, margin dan harga jual produk, laba produksi, B/C Ratio, Break Event Point, dan Payback Period. Pada hasil perhitungan neraca massa distilasi pertama, didapatkan hasil sebesar 72.495 kg/hari dengan kemurnian etanol sebesar 95%. Sedangkan hasil perhitungan neraca panas menggunakan prinsip hukum termondinamika didapatkan hasil 1.285.672 kg/hari. Desain alat yang akan dirancang di sofware autoCAD, dihitung terlebih dahulu terkait spesifikasinya seperti diameter, ketinggian, lebar, dan lain sebagainya. Pada hasil analisa ekonomi, didapatkan nilai HPP sebesar Rp 20.090, margin sebesar 10% sehingga harga jual menjadi Rp 22.100, laba produksi yang dihasilkan sebesar Rp 4.192.543.066, B/C Ratio sebesar 3,3, BEP unit sebesar 66.706 liter tahun, BEP (Rp) sebesar Rp 647.982.700 dengan presentase sebesar 73,52% dan PBP sekitar 15 bulan.
English Abstract
Bioethanol is a plant-derived alternative energy source that is used to replace fossil fuel and originated from the fermentation process. However, the number of bioethanol factories in Indonesia is relatively small. The purpose of this technological design is to develop a bioethanol plant and layout for bioethanol production using molasses as the raw material, calculating the mass and heat balance in the design of the first distillation installation for the bioethanol plant, and analyzing the economic aspects of the design of the first distillation installation for the bioethanol plant with a capacity of 4000 liters per day using molasses as basic materials. The technological design method is used to determine the specifications of the tools by calculating dimensions, while determining factory location uses the Center of Gravity method. Mass balance calculation is done by carrying out quantitative calculations of all incoming, outgoing, accumulated, and wasted materials in the mass balance system. Heat balance calculations are based on the laws of thermodynamics, while calculation of economic feasibility analysis includes capital, fixed costs, variable costs, COGS, margins, product selling prices, production profit, B/C ratio, break-even point, and payback period. From the first distillation mass balance calculation, a yield of 72,495 kg/day was obtained with an ethanol purity of 95%. Meanwhile, the result of the heat balance calculation using the principles of thermodynamic law yielded 1,285,672 kg/day. The specification of the instrument, such as diameter, height, and width is calculated in advance before designing the instrument using AutoCAD. Based on the results of the economic analysis, the COGS (Rp) value is IDR 20,090 and the margin is 10%, so the selling price (Rp) is IDR 22,100 with the resulting production profit is IDR 4,192,543,066, the B/C ratio is 3.3, the BEP unit is 66,706 liters, and the BEP (Rp) is IDR 647,982,700 with a percentage of 73.52%, and the PBP will be around 15 months.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522100298 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bioetanol, Distilasi Pertama, Molase, Perancangan,Bioethanol, Design, First Distilation, Molasses |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Jan 2023 02:06 |
| Last Modified: | 04 Jan 2023 02:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196566 |
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