Skrining Beberapa Isolat Khamir Untuk Pengendalian Sclerotium Rolfsii

Nurhalimah, - and Dr. Anton Muhibuddin, and Muhammad Akhid Syib’li, (2022) Skrining Beberapa Isolat Khamir Untuk Pengendalian Sclerotium Rolfsii. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

anaman kacang tanah yang terserang penyakit Sclerotium rolfsii sering kali dikendalikan dengan penggunaan fungisida atau bahan kimia. Penggunaan fungisida atau bahan kimia secara intensif dalam jangka waktu yang lama dapat meningkatkan residu lingkungan. Dampak penggunaan fungisida atau bahan kimia menyebabkan beberapa mikroba lebih resisten. Penggunaan khamir antagonis berpotensi digunakan sebagai agens pengendali hayati. Khamir antagonis merupakan salah satu mikroba yang dapat digunakan sebagai agens pengendali hayati karena sifatnya yang tahan pada lingkungan dan dapat menghambat pertumbuhan patogen jamur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan identifikasi khamir antagonis yang berpotensi sebagai agens pengendali hayati serta mekanisme antagonis yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Sedangkan pengambilan sampel diambil di Dusun Wiloso, Kecamatan Wagir, Malang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober 2020 sampai dengan Mei 2021. Dari hasil isolasi didapatkan empat isolat khamir antagonis yang berpotensi sebagai agens pengendali hayati, berdasarkan hasil identifikasi secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis menunjukan bahwa NH1 merupakan Saccharomyces sp., NH2 merupakan Candida sp., NH3 merupakan Pichia sp., dan NH4 merupakan Wickerhamomyces sp. Berdasarkan analisis BLAST menunjukkan bahwa NH4 memiliki homolog 99,84% dengan isolat Wickerhamomyces anomalus. CBS 5759 nomer aksesi MH545921.1. Hasil uji antagonis khamir antagonis menunjukan khamir mampu menekan pertumbuhan patogen jamur Sclerotium rolfsii, yaitu NH1 (Saccharomyces sp.) dengan persentase daya hambat 9,62% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen jamur S. rolfsii, NH2 (Candida sp.) dengan persentase daya hambat 22,21% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen jamur S. rolfsii dan NH3 (Pichia sp) dengan persentase daya hambat 11,11% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen jamur S. rolfsii. Sedangkan NH4 (Wickerhamomyces sp.) dengan persentase daya hambat 32,96% mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen jamur S. rolfsii. Hasil mekanisme antagonisme khamir menunjukan NH1 (Saccharomyces sp) tidak terdapat mekanisme. NH2 (Candida sp.) terdapat mekanisme kompetisi. NH3 (Pichia sp.) dan NH4 (Wickerhamomyces sp.) terdapat mekanisme antibiosis. Berdasarkan hasil scanning electron microscope (SEM) menunjukan bahwa NH4 (Wickerhamomyces sp.) terlihat adanya malformasi hifa

English Abstract

The peanut plant that attacked by Sclerotium rolfsii disease was often controlled with the use of fungicides or chemicals. Intensive use of fungicide or chemicals over a long period of time can increase environmental residues. The impact of using fungicides causes some microbes to be more resistant. Using antagonist yeast have the potential to be used as biological control agents. Antagonist yeast is one of the microbes that can be used as biological control agents because of its environmental resistance and can be inhibited the growth of fungal pathogen. This study aims to isolate and identification antagonist yeasts that have the potential as biological control agents and the resulting antagonist mechanism. This research was conducted at the Plant Disease Laboratory, Department of Pests and Plant Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. While the sampling was taken in Wiloso village, Wagir District, Malang. The study was conducted in October 2020 until Mei 2021. The results of the isolation were founded four yeast isolates that have the potential as biocontrol agents, based on the results of macroscopic and microscopic identification showed that NH1 was Saccharomyces sp., NH2 was Candida sp., NH3 was Pichia sp., and NH4 was Wickerhamomyces sp. Based on BLAST analysis, it was found that NH4 had 99,84% homology with Wickerhamomyces anomalus CBS 5759 with accession number MH545921.1. The results of the antagonist yeast test showed that the yeast was able to suppress the growth of the fungal pathogen Sclerotium rolfsii, these were yeast NH1 (Saccharomyces sp.) with an inhibitory percentage of 9,26% was able to inhibit the growth of the fungal pathogen S. rolfsii, yeast NH2 (Candida sp.) with The percentage of inhibitory power of 22,21% was able to inhibit the growth of the fungal pathogen S. rolfsii and NH3 (Pichia sp) with the percentage of inhibitory power of 11,11% was able to inhibit the growth of the fungal pathogen S. rolfsii. Meanwhile, NH4 (Wickerhamomyces sp.) with an inhibitory percentage of 32,96% was able to inhibit the growth of the fungal pathogen S. rolfsii. The results of the yeast antagonism mechanism showed that the yeast NH1 (Saccharomyces sp) had no mechanism. NH2(Candida sp.) had a competition mechanism. Yeast NH3 (Pichia sp) and NH4 (Wickerhamomyces sp.) had an antibiosis mechanism. Based on the scanning electron microscope (SEM) results, they were shown that NH4 (Wickerhamomyces sp.) showed malformation of the hyphae

Other obstract

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Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	0422040036
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian
Depositing User:	Nur Cholis
Date Deposited:	03 Jan 2023 06:44
Last Modified:	03 Jan 2023 06:44
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196553

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