Amelia, Eva and Prof. Ir. Arifin Noor Sugiharto,, MSc., PhD. (2022) Penampilan Beberapa Galur Inbrida Jagung Manis (Zea Mays L. Saccharata). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Di Indonesia produksi jagung manis di tingkat petani sangat rendah, pada impor jagung manis ke Indonesia meningkat 42,46% menjadi 737,2 ribu ton dari 517,5 ribu ton pada tahun sebelumnya (BPS, 2021). Produksi jagung manis nasional belum dapat mencukupi permintaan pasar, salah satu kendala yang dihadapi yaitu produktivitas jagung manis di dalam negeri yang masih rendah. Upaya untuk meningkatkan produktivitas jagung, yang dapat dilakukan salah satunya dengan memanfaatkan varietas hibrida. Hibrida merupakan generasi pertama hasil persilangan antar galur inbrida yang homozigot, sehingga menghasilkan F1 dengan sifat heterosis. Galur jagung inbrida digunakan sebagai tetua dalam perakitan F1, yang berasal dari populasi silang dalam (selfing) selama 5-6 generasi dan menghasilkan tanaman yang seragam. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui perbedaan dan persamaan karakter antar galur pada masing-masing galur inbrida jagung manis yang diuji dan mendapatkan galur yang berpotensi sebagai calon tetua dalam pembentukan varietas hibrida. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Desember 2021 di Desa Areng-areng kelurahan Dadaprejo Kecamatan Junrejo, Kota Batu. Peralatan yang digunakan diantaranya cangkul, sabit, sprayer, jangka sorong, ember, timbangan analitik, meteran, kamera, dan alat tulis. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah 10 galur inbrida jagung manis hasil seleksi S2 koleksi CV. Blue Akari. Bahan lainnya yaitu pupuk NPK, ZA, pupuk kompos, dolomit, insektisida dan fungisida. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 3 ulangan. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian (ANOVA) dengan uji F pada taraf 5%. Hasil yang didapatkan berbeda nyata, dilanjutkan dengan menggunakan Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) taraf 5%. Selanjutnya pendugaan nilai coefficient of variance (CV), koefisien keragaman genetik dan fenotip serta nilai heritabilitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian pada 10 galur jagung manis generasi S2 dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat keragaman semua karakter kuantitatif yang diamati kecuali karakter panjang tongkol. Keragaman di dalam galur menunjukkan hasil seragam pada karakter umur bunga jantan, umur bunga betina dan umur panen. Nilai heritabilitas berkisar 0,13-0,86 pada karakter panjang tongkol memiliki nilai heritabilitas yang rendah sedangkan pada karakter lainnya memiliki nilai heritabilitas yang tinggi. Galur yang berpotensi sebagai tetua hibrida ialah galur JM-10 karena memiliki keseragaman yang tinggi di dalam galur paling banyak karakter yang diamati, seragam pada karakter kuantitatif dan didukung dengan keseragaman pada karakter kualitatif.
English Abstract
In Indonesia, sweet corn production at the farm level is very low, in 2018 sweet corn imports to Indonesia increased by 42.46% to 737.2 thousand tons from 517.5 thousand tons in 2017 (BPS, 2021). National sweet corn production has not been able to meet market demand, one of the obstacles faced is sweet corn productivity in the country which is still low. Efforts to increase corn productivity, one of which can be done is breeding corn by utilizing hybrid varieties. Hybrids are the first generation of crosses between homozygous inbred lines, resulting in F1 with heterosis traits. Inbred maize lines were used as parents in F1 assembly, which came from self-crossing populations for 5-6 generations and produced uniform plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences and similarities in the characters between the lines in each sweet corn inbred line tested and to obtain lines that have the potential as potential parents in the formation of hybrid varieties. The research was conducted on August-December 2021 in Areng-areng Village, Dadaprejo Village, Junrejo District, Batu City with an altitude of 610 meters above sea level. The equipment used includes hoe, sickle, sprayer, caliper, bucket, analytical scale, meter, camera, and stationery. The materials used in this study were 10 sweet corn inbred lines from the CV Blue Akari collection. Other ingredients are NPK, ZA fertilizers, compost, dolomite, insecticides and fungicides. The design used was a Randomized Block Design (RAK) with 3 replications. The observed variables are quantitative and qualitative characters. Then the data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with F test at 5% level. The results obtained were significantly different, followed by using Honest Significant Difference (HSD) at 5% level. Furthermore, the estimation of the Coefficient of Variance (CV), the Coefficient of Genetic and Phenotypic Variation and the value of Heritability. the results of research on 10 strains of sweet corn generation S2, it can be concluded that there is a diversity of all quantitative characters observed except the long character of the cob. Diversity within the strains showed uniform results on the characteristics of male flower age, female flower age and harvest age. The heritability value ranges from 0.13-0.86 in the cob length character has a low heritability value while in other characters it has a high heritability value. The line that has the potential to be a hybrid elder is the JM-10 strain because it has high uniformity within the most observed character strains, is uniform in quantitative characters and is supported by uniformity in qualitative characters.
Other obstract
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Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
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Identification Number: | 0522040205 |
Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
Date Deposited: | 17 Nov 2022 07:00 |
Last Modified: | 17 Nov 2022 07:00 |
URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196380 |
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