SarI, Dian Novita and Prof. Dr. Ir. Titiek Islami, M.S. and Listy Anggraeni,, S.Si., M.Sc. (2022) Pertumbuhan, Hasil, Dan Kualitas Tiga Jenis Tanaman Tomat (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Dengan Pengaplikasian Pupuk Organik Cair (Poc) Plus. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tomat merupakan sayuran yang banyak dikonsumsi sebagai sumber vitamin dan mineral. Buah ini mengandung vitamin C yang merupakan antioksidan penting yang tidak dapat disintesis oleh tubuh manusia, sehingga diperlukan asupan yang cukup dari makanan sehari-hari (Lobo, Phatak, dan Chandra, 2010). Asupan buah dan sayuran yang tinggi dikaitkan dengan risiko rendah penyakit jantung iskemik dan semua penyebab kematian. Pengaruh positif dari asupan buah dan sayuran yang tinggi sebagian dapat didorong oleh konsentrasi vitamin C yang tinggi (Kobylecki et.al., 2015). Terdapat jenis tomat buah dan sayur, lalu tomat buah dibedakan berdasarkan ukuran, yaitu buah besar dan Ceri (Tugiyono, 1993). Tomat Ranti merupakan tomat sayur yang mempunyai vitamin C yang tinggi sehingga cocok digunakan untuk pembanding kadar vitamin C pada tomat buah besar dan Ceri untuk mempelajari pengaruh lingkungan dan potensi pada tomat buah besar dan Ceri yang belum terkomersil. Produksi tomat mengalami peningkatan, yaitu 976.770 ton pada tahun 2018, menjadi 1.020.330 ton pada tahun 2019 (BPS, 2019). Namun masih banyak petani yang hanya mengandalkan pupuk anorganik dengan dosis tinggi sebagai asupan hara tanaman dimana efeknya dapat menurunkan kualitas tanah. Mengombinasikan pupuk anorganik dengan pupuk organik penting agar dapat memproduksi hasil yang maksimal secara berkelanjutan. POC Plus adalah pupuk organik cair terbuat dari urine sapi dan limbah kulit pisang yang dapat dimanfaatkan karena mengandung kompleks enzim, hormon, dan unsur hara lengkap (Rinanto, Azizah, dan Santoso, 2015; Islam et.al., 2019). Maka perlu ada penelitian untuk mempelajari pengaruh pengaplikasian POC Plus terhadap pertumbuhan, hasil, dan kualitas tomat Ranti, tomat buah besar, dan tomat Ceri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Maret – Juli 2021 di Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jawa Timur (BPTP Jatim) Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Peralatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah tray semai, cangkul, selang air, refractometer brix, buret, statif, tabung erlenmeyer, jangka sorong, meteran, timbangan analitik, papan label, form pengamatan, alat tulis, dan kamera. Sedangkan, bahan-bahan yang digunakan adalah benih tomat Ranti, benih tomat buah besar (aksesi Tomat 13), benih aksesi tomat Ceri Kuning Bulat, POC Plus, polybag ukuran 30 x 35 cm, larutan Iodium, larutan amilum, tanah, batang bambu, tali, fungisida, pupuk kandang, dan pupuk NPK. Pengacakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF), dengan faktor I adalah dosis pemberian POC Plus yang terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu: P0 (tanpa POC), P1 (1.000 l.ha-1), P2 (2.000 l.ha-1), dan P3 (3.000 l.ha-1). Faktor II adalah jenis tomat yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu: T1 (Tomat Ranti), T2 (Aksesi Tomat 13), dan T3 (Aksesi Tomat Ceri Kuning Bulat). Perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga didapatkan 36 satuan perlakuan. Sampel berjumlah 216 tanaman dari total populasi 360 tanaman. Pengamatan pertumbuhan meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dalam satu tanaman, waktu muncul bunga, dan jumlah bunga per tandan. Pengamatan hasil meliputi jumlah buah per tandan, fruit set, diameter buah, dan bobot buah dalam satu tanaman. Sedangkan pengamatan kualitas meliputi kadar ii gula buah dan kadar vitamin C buah. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji Sidik Ragam (ANOVA) RAKF taraf 5% (F= 0.05) untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh nyata dari perlakuan. Apabila terdapat hasil berbeda nyata dari perlakuan (F hitung > F tabel 5%), maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) taraf signifikan 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, perlakuan dosis POC Plus 3.000 liter.ha-1 mampu meningkatkan presentase fruit set tanaman aksesi Tomat 13. Perlakuan penggunaan jenis tomat Ranti, aksesi Tomat 13, dan aksesi Ceri berpengaruh nyata pada semua parameter pertumbuhan (tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, dan waktu muncul bunga), hasil (jumlah bunga per tandan, jumlah buah per tandan, fruit set, diameter buah, dan bobot buah dalam satu tanaman), dan kualitas tanaman tomat (kadar gula buah dan kadar vitamin C buah).
English Abstract
omatoes are vegetables that are widely used as a source of vitamins and minerals. This fruit contains vitamin C which is an important antioxidant that cannot be synthesized by the human body, so it requires adequate intake from daily food (Lobo, Phatak, and Chandra, 2010). High intake of fruit and vegetables was associated with low risk of ischemic heart disease and all-cause mortality. The positive effect of high fruit and vegetable intake can be partly supported by the high concentration of vitamin C (Kobylecki et.al., 2015). There are types of tomatoes, which are fruit and vegetable tomatoes, then fruit tomatoes are distinguished by the size, namely big fruit and Cherry tomatoes (Tugiyono, 1993). Ranti tomatoes are vegetable tomatoes that have high vitamin C so they are suitable for comparing the levels of vitamin C in big fruit and Cherry tomatoes to study the environmental effects and potential of big fruit and Cherry tomatoes that have not been commercialized. Tomato production has increased, namely 976.770 tons in 2018, to 1.020.330 tons in 2019 (BPS, 2019). However, there are still many farmers who only rely on high doses of inorganic fertilizers for plant nutrient intake, which can reduce soil quality. Combining inorganic fertilizers with organic fertilizers is important in order to produce maximum results in a sustainable manner. POC Plus is a liquid organic fertilizer made of cow urine and banana peel waste that can be used because it contains a complete complex of enzymes, hormones and nutrients (Rinanto, Azizah, and Santoso, 2015; Islam et.al., 2019). Therefore, there is a need for research to study the effect of POC Plus application on growth, yields, and quality of Ranti tomato, big fruit tomato, and Cherry tomato. The research was carried out on March – July 2021 at the East Java Agricultural Technology Assessment Agency (BPTP Jatim) Karangploso District, Malang Regency, East Java. The equipment used in the study was a seedlings tray, hoe, hose, refractometer brix, burette, stative, Erlenmeyer tube, calipers, tape measure, analytical scales, label boards, observation forms, stationery, and cameras. While the materials used are Ranti tomato seeds, big fruit tomato seeds (Tomato 13 Accession), round yellow Cherry tomato accession seeds, POC Plus, polybags with the size of 30 x 35 cm, Iodine solution, starch solution, soil, bamboo stalks, ropes, fungicides, manure, and NPK fertilizer. Randomized using a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), with factor I being the dose of POC Plus consisting of 4 levels, namely: P0 (without POC), P1 (1.000 l.ha-1), P2 (2.000 l.ha-1), and P3 (3.000 l.ha-1). The second factor is the type of tomato which consists of 3 levels, namely: T1 (Ranti Tomato), T2 (Tomato 13 Accession), and T3 (Round Yellow Cherry Tomato Accession). The treatment was repeated 3 times to get 36 treatment units. The samples are 216 plants from a total population of 360 plants. Growth observations included plant height, number of leaves in one plant, time of flower appearance, and number of flowers per bunch. Then, the yield observations included the number of fruits per bunch, fruit set, fruit diameter, and fruit weight in one plant. Meanwhile, the quality obsevations included fruit sugar content and fruit vitamin C content. The data obtained were analyzed using the Factorial RBD Test iv of Variance (ANOVA) at 5% level (F = 0.05) to determine whether there was a significant effect of the treatment. If there is a significantly different result from the treatment (F count> F table 5%), then proceed with the Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test with a significant level of 5%. Based on the results of the research, treatment with a dose of POC Plus 3.000 liter.ha-1 was able to increase the percentage of fruit set of Tomat 13 accession. The treatment of using Ranti, Tomato 13 accession, and Cherries accession had a significant effect on all growth parameters (plant height, number of leaves, and time of flower emergence), yield (number of flowers per bunch, number of fruit per bunch, fruit set, fruit diameter, and fruit weight in one plant), and tomato plant quality (fruit sugar content and fruit vitamin C content).
Other obstract
-
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522040194 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Nov 2022 01:55 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Nov 2022 01:55 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/196366 |
![[thumbnail of DALAM MASA EMBARGO]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text (DALAM MASA EMBARGO)
Dian Novita Sari.pdf Restricted to Registered users only until 31 December 2024. Download (3MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |