Panjaitan, Sinar Sonny Praja Muda and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sudiarso,, MS (2020) Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Npk Anorganik Dan Pupuk Kandang Kambing Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasiltanaman Brokoli (Brassica Oleracea L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Brokoli (Brassica oleracea L. Var. italica) merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang dimanfaatkan bunganya. Produksi tanaman brokoli pada tahun 2012 hingga tahun 2015 mengalami penurunan produksi dari 135.837 menjadi 118.394 ton (BPS, 2016). Oleh karena itu, belum dapat mencukupi kebutuhan pasar lokal, apalagi untuk mencukupi pasar Internasional yang setiap tahun selalu mengalami peningkatan 20-30%. Teknik perbaikan budidaya brokoli dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk NPK anorganik dan pupuk kandang kambing. Pemberian pupuk kandang kambing bertujuan untuk memperbaiki sifat fisik tanah dan komposisi hara tanah. Tekstur dari kotoran kambing khas, karena berbentuk butiran-butiran yang agak sukar dipecah secara fisik sehingga sangat berpengaruh terhadap dekomposisi dan proses penyediaan haranya. Selain menggunakan pupuk organik, pupuk anorganik juga diperlukan untuk meningkatkan produksi brokoli. Salah satu jenis pupuk anorganik yang sering digunakan adalah pupuk NPK anorganik. Pupuk anorganik juga mampu menambah unsur hara tanah, tetapi penggunaan pupuk anorganik secara berlebihan dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi tanah. Jumlah pupuk yang diberikan ke tanaman akanmempengaruhi hasil produksi yang akan didapat. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk mempelajari dan mendapatkan pengaruh pemberian pupuk NPK anorganik dan pupuk kandang kambing terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli (Brassica olaracea L.).Pemberian pupuk NPK anorganik dan pupuk kandang kambing akan memberikan pengaruh lebih baik bagi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli (Brassica olaracea L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di Junggo, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur. pada bulan Maret hingga Juni 2020. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah cangkul, ember, timbangan analitik, oven, amplop coklat, meteran, penggaris, alat tulis, kamera, alat LAM (Leaf Area Meter) dan mika label. Bahan yang digunakan ialah benih brokoli varietas Green Magic, pupuk NPK Phonska, cocopeat, air dan pupuk kandang kambing. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 9 kombinasi perlakuan dengan 3 kali ulangan P1 = Kontrol, P2 = 800 kg ha-1NPK, P3 = 800 kg ha-1NPK + 8 ton ha-1 Kandang Kambing, P4 = 800 kg ha-1NPK + 10 ton ha-1 kandang kambing, P5 = 600 kg ha-1NPK + 12 ton ha-1 kandang kambing, P6 = 600 kg ha- 1NPK + 8 ton ha-1 kandang kambing, P7 = 400 kg ha-1NPK + 10 ton ha-1 kandang kambing, P8 = 400 kg ha-1NPK + 12 ton ha-1 kandang kambing, P9 = 200 kg ha- 1NPK + 12 ton ha-1 kandang kambing. Parameter pengamatan meliputi pengamatan pertumbuhan dan hasil. Parameter pengamatan pertumbuhan meliputi jumlah daun dan tinggi tanaman. Parameter pengamatan hasil meliputi luas daun, diameter batang, diameter bunga brokoli, berat bunga segar brokoli dan berat bunga kering brokoli. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) dengan uji tabel F dengan taraf ii 5%. Apabila hasilterdapat perbedaan antar perlakuan, maka akan dilanjutkan dengan lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi pupuk NPK dan pupuk kandang kambing berpengaruh meningkatkan pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman Brokoli. Perlakuan 800 kg ha-1 NPK + 10 ton ha-1 kandang kambing memberikan hasil yang paling baik dibanding perlakuan lainnya pada seluruh parameter pengamatan. Kombinasi pupuk anorganik dan pupuk organik mampu memberikan hasil bobot basah bunga brokoli sebesar 203 % atau sebesar 6,85 ton dibanding perlakuan kontrol, serta peningkatan hasil sebesar 181 % atau sebesar 6,05 ton dibanding perlakuan pupuk standar. Olah karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi pemberian pupuk NPK dan pupuk kandang kambing berpengaruh baik bagi pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli.
English Abstract
Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is a horticultural plant whose flowers are eaten as vegetable. Production of broccoli from 2012 to 2015 decreased from 135,837 to 118,394 tons (BPS, 2016). Therefore, it cannot meet the needs of the local market, especially to meet the international market which is always increasing by 20-30% every year. Techniques to improving broccoli cultivation can be done by giving inorganic NPK fertilizer and goat manure. Goat manure aims to improve the physical properties of the soil and soil nutrient composition. The texture of goat manure is unique, because it is in the form of granules which are rather difficult to physically break down so that it greatly affects the decomposition and the process of providing the nutrients. Besides of using organic fertilizers, it also need inorganic fertilizers to increase broccoli production. One type of inorganic fertilizer that is often used is inorganic NPK fertilizer. Inorganic fertilizers can add soil nutrients, but its excessive use have a negative impact on the soil. The amount of fertilizer given to plants will affect the yield that will be obtained. The purpose of this research was to study and obtain the effect of inorganic NPK fertilizer and goat manure on the growth and yield of broccoli (Brassica olaracea L.). The application of inorganic NPK and goat manure will have a better effect on plant growth and yield broccoli (Brassica olaracea L.). This research was conducted in Junggo, Bumiaji District, Batu City, East Java from March to June 2020. The tools that were used in this research were hoes, buckets, analytical scales, ovens, brown envelopes, meters, rulers, stationery, cameras, LAM (Leaf Area Meter), and mica labels. The materials that were used in this research were Green Magic broccoli seeds, NPK Phonska fertilizer, cocopeat, water and goat manure. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) consisting of 9 treatment combinations with 3 replications. The treatments are P1 = control, P2 = 800 kg ha-1 NPK, P3 = 800 kg ha-1 NPK + 8 ton ha-1 goat manure, P4 = 800 kg ha-1NPK + 10 ton ha-1 goat manure, P5 = 600 kg ha-1 NPK + 12 ton ha-1 goat manure, P6 = 600 kg ha-1NPK + 8 ton ha-1 goat manure, P7 = 400 kg ha -1 NPK + 10 tons ha-1 goat manure, P8 = 400 kg ha-1 NPK + 12 tons ha-1 goat manure, and P9 = 200 kg ha-1 NPK + 12 tons ha-1 goat manure. The observation parameters included observations of growth and yield. Growth observation parameters included the number of leaves and plant height. Yield observation parameters included leaf area, stem diameter, broccoli flower diameter, fresh broccoli flower weight and dry broccoli flower weight. The data were analyzed using ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) with the F table test at the 5% level. If the results shows a significant effect, then proceed with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The results showed that the combination of NPK and goat manure had a significant effect on the growth and yield of broccoli. The treatment of 800 kg ha- 1 NPK + 10 ton ha-1 goat manure gave higher yields than other treatments for all observed parameters. The combination of inorganic fertilizers and iv organicfertilizers was able to give the broccoli flower wet weight of 203% or as much as 6,85 tons compared to the control treatment. It also give an increase in yield with 181% or 6,05 tons compared to standard fertilizer treatment. Therefore, it can be concluded that the combination of NPK fertilizer and Goat Manure has a good effect on the growth and yield of broccoli plants
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0520040066 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Oct 2022 02:03 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Oct 2022 02:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/195464 |
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