Rahmawati, Yeny Diah and Prof. Dr. Aulanni’am,, drh. DES and Dr. Sasangka Prasetyawan,, MS (2018) Studi in vivo Potensi Aplikasi Oral dan Topikal Ekstrak Pegagan (Centella Asiatica (L.,) Urban) terhadap Ekspresi TGF-β1, MMP-1 dan MDA Dermis Tikus (Rattus novergicus) Model Photoaging yang dipapar sinar Ultraviolet-B (UVB). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penuaan pada kulit merupakan proses biologi yang kompleks yang dipengaruhi baik oleh faktor endogen (genetik, rasial, hormonal) maupun eksogen (lingkungan dan gaya hidup). Penuaan yang disebabkan oleh faktor eksogen berupa radiasi sinar ultraviolet dari matahari dikenal dengan istilah photoaging. Pada kulit yang mengalami photoaging terjadi degradasi terus menerus terhadap komponen matriks ekstraseluler seperti kolagen dan elastin dan juga terjadi penurunan kecepatan sintesis kolagen. Ada dua regulator penting dalam pembentukan kolagen yaitu transforming growth factor (TGF)-β sebagai pro-collagen synthesis dan activator protein (AP)-1 yang mendorong kerusakan kolagen dengan me-upregulasi enzim yang disebut matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) yang berperan dalam collagen breakdown. Radiasi sinar ultraviolet-B (UVB, λ 280 – 314 nm) diketahui 1000 kali lebih reaktif dan menyebabkan sunburn daripada sinar UVA (λ 315 – 400 nm). Paparan kronis sinar UVB terhadap kulit mampu menginisiasi terbentuknya ROS di kulit dan menyebabkan penurunan antioksidan enzimatis secara signifikan serta menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan oksidatif terhadap komponen sel seperti dinding sel, membran lipid, mitokondria dan DNA. Selain itu radiasi sinar UVB berlebih juga dapat menginduksi AP-1 dan menurunkan sinyal TGF-β sehingga terjadi degradasi kolagen dan penghambatan produksi kolagen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi oral dan topikal ekstrak pegagan terhadap jaringan kulit tikus tanpa rambut yang dipapar sinar UVB berdasarkan ekspresi TGF-β1, MMP-1 dan MDA dermis. Sebanyak 30 tikus wistar jantan dari jenis rattus novergicus usia 8-10 minggu sejak kelahiran, berat badan 180-200 gram dibagi dalam 6 kelompok percobaan yaitu KN=kelompok kontrol negatif (tanpa paparan UVB dan tanpa terapi); KP=kelompok kontrol positif (basis gelling agent HPMC tanpa ekstrak pegagan); P=kelompok terapi parasol (commercial brand anti-UV); T1=kelompok terapi topikal 2,5% ekstrak + oral 250 mg/kg bb; T2=kelompok terapi topikal 5% ekstrak + oral 250 mg/kg bb; T3=kelompok terapi topikal 10% ekstrak + oral 250 mg/kg bb. Ekstrak pegagan diperoleh dari maserasi simplisia herba pegagan (materia medica Malang) menggunakan etanol 96%. Total dosis radiasi UVB sebesar 840 mJ/cm2 terbagi dalam empat minggu yaitu minggu I, II, III, IV sebesar (mJ/cm2) 150, 210, 240, 240. Adapun hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi oral dan topikal ekstrak pegagan (C. asiatica) ) secara signifikan (p<0.05) mampu menghambat penurunan ekspresi TGF-β1 (konsentrasi 5% dan 10%) serta menghambat kenaikan ekspresi MMP-1 (konsentrasi 2.5%, 5% dan 10%) dan MDA (konsentrasi 10% ekstrak) dibandingkan dengan kontrol positif. Kemampuan penghambatan tersebut diduga karena efek sinergis dari kandungan senyawa bioaktif utama triterpenoid saponin berupa asiaticoside, madecassoside dan madecassic acid yang mendorong sintesis kolagen dengan senyawa golongan flavonoid yang bersifat sebagai antioksidan.
English Abstract
Aging of the skin is a complex biological process that is influenced by both endogenous (genetic, racial, hormonal) and exogenous (environment and lifestyle) factors. Aging caused by exogenous factors of ultraviolet radiation from the sun is known as photoaging. In photoaging skin there is continuous degradation of extracellular matrix components such as collagen and elastin and also a decrease in the rate of collagen synthesis. There are two important regulators in the formation of collagen, namely transforming growth factor (TGF) –β as pro-collagen synthesis and activator protein (AP) -1, which promotes collagen damage by upregulating enzymes called matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), which plays a role in collagen breakdown. Ultraviolet-B (UVB, λ 280 - 314 nm) radiation is known about 1000 times more reactive and causes sunburn than UVA (λ 315 - 400 nm). Chronic exposure of UVB rays to the skin is capable of initiating the formation of ROS in the skin and provokes a significant decrease in enzymatic antioxidants and leads to oxidative damage to cell components such as cell walls, lipid membranes, mitochondria and DNA. In addition, excessive UVB radiation can also induce AP-1 and decrease the TGF-β signal resulting in collagen degradation and inhibition of collagen production. This study aims to determine the effect of oral and topical therapy of pegagan extract on hairless rats skin tissue exposed to UVB rays based on expression of TGF-β1, MMP-1 and MDA dermis. A total of 30 male wistar rats of the rattus novergicus age 8-10 weeks since birth, weight 180-200 grams were divided into 6 experimental groups: KN=negative control group (without both UVB exposure and therapy); KP=positive control group (HPMC without C. asiatica extract); P=parasol group therapy (an anti-UV commercial brand); T1=topical group therapy of 2.5% extract + oral 250 mg/kgbw; T2=topical group therapy of 5% extract + oral 250 mg/kgbw; T3=topical group therapy of 10% extract + oral 250 mg/kgbw. Pegagan extract was obtained from macerated herbiculitis simplicia (materia medica Malang) using 96% ethanol. The total dose of UVB radiation in the amount of 840 mJ/cm2 is divided into four weeks that is week I, II, III, IV of (mJ/cm2) 150, 210, 240, 240. The results showed that oral and topical applications of C. asiatica extract were significantly (p<0.05) able to inhibit the decrease of TGF-β1 expression (at 5% and 10% concentration) and inhibit the increase of MMP-1 expression (at 2.5%, 5% and 10% concentration) and MDA (at 10% concentration) compared with positive control. The inhibitory capability is thought to be due to synergistic effect of C. asiatica main bioactive compounds of triterpenoid saponin as asiaticoside, madecassoside and madecassic acid which promote collagen synthesis with phenolic compounds of flavonoid as antioxidant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/581.643/RAH/s/2018/041812059 |
| Subjects: | 500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 540 Chemistry and allied sciences |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Kimia, Fakultas MIPA |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 03 Oct 2022 08:14 |
| Last Modified: | 03 Oct 2022 08:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/195288 |
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